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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 351-356页

作者： Yi-Xiang Wang Xiao-Pei Guo Ling Xu shi-feng Lu Department of Civil Engineering School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Co. Ltd.Southwest BranchChengdu 610041China

0 INTRODUCTION Natural geomaterials,including soils and rocks,are invariably exposed to intricate stress conditions,in addition to water pressure,in various engineering contexts such as foundation treatment,mining,and *** geomaterials frequently contain numerous fractures,which significantly influence hydrological dynamics as water permeates through them,leading to processes like expansion and bifurcation(Shu et al.,2023;Tran and Jha,2021;Lei et al.,2017;Wang et al.,2015).

关键词： bifurcation invar mining

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大语言模型在哪里挑战了语言学?

语言战略研究 2025年第1期10卷 87-96页

作者：石锋南开大学文学院天津300071

“人工智能教父”辛顿对乔姆斯基的批评,值得语言学者思考:大语言模型究竟在哪里挑战了语言学?本文讨论以下问题:(1)搞大语言学还是小语言学?这一问题涉及语言学研究对象拓展和研究范式转换。当前特别需要把小语言学观念转变为大语言学... 详细信息

“人工智能教父”辛顿对乔姆斯基的批评,值得语言学者思考:大语言模型究竟在哪里挑战了语言学?本文讨论以下问题:(1)搞大语言学还是小语言学?这一问题涉及语言学研究对象拓展和研究范式转换。当前特别需要把小语言学观念转变为大语言学观念,建立基于数据和概率统计的多学科、跨领域的科学观。大语言学向外融合文、理、医、工等多学科,向内跨越语音、语法、语义、语用等多领域,海阔天空,大有作为。(2)语言和思维可分还是不可分?人类的思维可以离开语言,语言不可离开思维。思维是为了交流,没有新信息,思维会失去活力而枯竭。不能人为地把思维和交际分离开。(3)语言习得是先天的,还是经验的?人工智能弃用乔姆斯基的语言先天论,转而基于语言经验论,取得了里程碑式的成功。(4)人工智能会不会有思维,甚至有生命?人工智能不会具有生命。人工智能的语言是离开思维的语言。流利的语言并不等于自主的思维。离开人类智能的主宰操控,人工智能将一事无成。我们要学会驾驭人工智能,适应这个有了人工智能的世界,去创造更加美好的未来。

关键词：人工智能大语言学自主思维概率匹配复杂适应系统

基于神经网络模型的宽带非高斯随机过程疲劳损伤分析

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船舶力学 2025年第1期29卷 85-97页

作者：袁奎霖彭士凤大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室船舶工程学院辽宁大连116024

对于遭受各种随机环境载荷的海洋结构物而言,在设计阶段对其进行疲劳损伤评估尤为重要。海洋结构物的响应经常呈现出宽带特性和非高斯统计特征。因此,本文提出一种基于神经网络模型的宽带非高斯随机过程疲劳损伤评估方法。采用多种功率... 详细信息

对于遭受各种随机环境载荷的海洋结构物而言,在设计阶段对其进行疲劳损伤评估尤为重要。海洋结构物的响应经常呈现出宽带特性和非高斯统计特征。因此,本文提出一种基于神经网络模型的宽带非高斯随机过程疲劳损伤评估方法。采用多种功率谱与不同带宽参数、S-N曲线斜率参数以及非高斯过程偏度与峰度的组合对所提出的神经网络模型进行训练和测试。分析输入层神经元、隐藏层神经元个数以及隐藏层层数对模型预报精度的影响,确定最优的神经网络结构。以时域雨流计数法计算的疲劳损伤结果作为基准,采用真实双模态功率谱进行数值试验,并与多种频域疲劳损伤分析方法进行比较,证明本文所建立的神经网络模型具有更好的准确性和鲁棒性。

关键词：神经网络宽带非高斯过程疲劳损伤雨流计数法

Catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indolyl quinazolinones bearing N-N/C-C diaxes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Ning-Yi Wang Shuo Gao Zhu-Di Shu Bei-Bei Cheng Chun Ma Yu-Chen Zhang feng shi Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University

The first catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing N-N/C-C diaxes has been established by the strategy of de novo ring formation. By this strategy, various indolyl quinazolinones bearing vicinal N-N/C-C diaxes were synthesized in high yields with overall good diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed onepot asymmetric formal (5+1) cycloaddition/oxidation reaction. Moreover, such indolyl quinazolinones bearing vicinal N-N/CC diaxes have good configurational stability and could be converted into new chiral ligands with applications in asymmetric catalysis. Therefore, this work not only offered a new member for the family of diaxial atropisomers, but also provided a powerful strategy for catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomers bearing N-N/C-C diaxes.

关键词：

Topological rainbow trapping of sound waves in synthesized three-dimensional space for square lattice

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 309-314页

作者： Jie-Yu Lu shi-feng Li Xin Li Xin-Ye Zou Jian-Chun Cheng Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics Ministry of Education(MOE)Institute of AcousticsDepartment of PhysicsCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

The three-dimensional(3D)synthetic space offers a platform for exploring the valley Hall insulator,which is usually constructed in graphene ***,based on the valley transports in the square lattice,we construct a synthetic space by treating the rotation angle as the third dimension and observe the emergent Weyl points in this synthetic *** the construction of synthetic Weyl points results in the formation of edge states between the phononic crystal(PC)and the hard boundary,and the factors of rotation angle and the distance from the PC to the hard boundary affect the frequency of these edge states,we can construct topological rainbow concentrator based on the above *** conduct a comprehensive numerical and experimental study to explore the characteristics of topological rainbow *** work may play a driving role in the development of topological rainbow devices.

关键词： topological rainbow concentrator edge states square lattice

TaNPF6.2 improves agronomic traits via enhancing nitrogen uptake efficiency in wheat

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第1期52卷 120-123页

作者： Huanhuan Wang Yangyang Liu Lifen Wu Chuan Xia Yaoyu Chen Xiuying Kong feng shi Huili Li Xifang Yang Liang Ma Jiaqiang Sun Lichao Zhang Zhencheng Xie State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Laboratory of shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuangHebei 050000China

Nitrogen(N)fertilizer application boosts yield and quality in crops such as wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)but raises environmental and economic concerns(Liu et al.,2019).Therefore,identifying the genes associated with N ... 详细信息

关键词： breeding crops agronomic

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天文起源与文明的诞生

中原文化研究 2025年第1期13卷 5-13页

作者：冯时中国社会科学院学部北京100101

中华文明至少八千年的历史充分体现了其以道德成人、知识立身与礼仪治世的三要三本,三要之中以道德体系为核心,形成于观象授时。证据表明,科学的兴起以天文学、数学和力学最为古老,其起源无不关系到人工栽培农业生产方式的出现,这意味... 详细信息

中华文明至少八千年的历史充分体现了其以道德成人、知识立身与礼仪治世的三要三本,三要之中以道德体系为核心,形成于观象授时。证据表明,科学的兴起以天文学、数学和力学最为古老,其起源无不关系到人工栽培农业生产方式的出现,这意味着为决定农时的观象授时实际已成为三大古典科学中最根本的工作。事实上,天文的诞生不仅为农业生产提供了准确的时间服务,更重要的是因先贤通过对时间的观测逐渐产生了诚信的认知,从而形成以信为核心内涵的道德体系,并最终成就了中华文明。天文的起源与文明的起源大致处于同一时期,重建己身文明的理论与中华文明的信史,必须从对作为文明之源的天文的探索开始。

关键词：天文时间信文德文明

DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS COMBINING MULTI-TASK LEARNING FOR SOLVING DELAY INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

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数学杂志 2025年第1期45卷 13-38页

作者： WANG Chen-yao shi feng School of Science Harbin Institaute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Deep neural networks(DNNs)are effective in solving both forward and inverse problems for nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs).However,conventional DNNs are not effective in handling problems such as delay differential equations(DDEs)and delay integrodifferential equations(DIDEs)with constant delays,primarily due to their low regularity at delayinduced breaking *** this paper,a DNN method that combines multi-task learning(MTL)which is proposed to solve both the forward and inverse problems of *** core idea of this approach is to divide the original equation into multiple tasks based on the delay,using auxiliary outputs to represent the integral terms,followed by the use of MTL to seamlessly incorporate the properties at the breaking points into the loss ***,given the increased training dificulty associated with multiple tasks and outputs,we employ a sequential training scheme to reduce training complexity and provide reference solutions for subsequent *** approach significantly enhances the approximation accuracy of solving DIDEs with DNNs,as demonstrated by comparisons with traditional DNN *** validate the effectiveness of this method through several numerical experiments,test various parameter sharing structures in MTL and compare the testing results of these ***,this method is implemented to solve the inverse problem of nonlinear DIDE and the results show that the unknown parameters of DIDE can be discovered with sparse or noisy data.

关键词： Delay integro-differential equation Multi-task learning parameter sharing structure deep neural network sequential training scheme

Clinical study on the effect of jejunoileal side-to-side anastomosis on metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 58-64页

作者： Ji-Kui Wang Di Zhang Jin-feng Wang Wan-Lin Lu Jing-Yuan Wang shi-feng Liang Ran Liu Jing-Xin Jiang Hong-Tao Li Xuan Yang Department of General Thoracic Surgery Liaoning Electric Power Center HospitalShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Health Management Center Liaoning Electric Power Center HospitalShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND At present,the existing internal medicine drug treatment can alleviate the high glucose toxicity of patients to a certain extent,to explore the efficacy of laparoscopic jejunoileal side to side anastomosis in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,the report is as *** To investigate the effect of jejunoileal side-to-side anastomosis on metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 78 patients with T2DM who were treated via jejunoileal lateral *** indicators were collected preoperatively,as well as at 3 and 6 months *** metabolic indicators analyzed included body mass index(BMI),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour blood glucose(PBG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),fasting C-peptide,2-hour C-peptide(PCP),fasting insulin(Fins),2-hour insulin(Pins),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),βCellular function index(HOMA-β),alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,serum total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(L DL-C),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein,and uric acid(UA)*** SBP,DBP,PBG,HbA1c,LDL-C,and TG were all significantly lower 3 months postoperative vs preoperative values;body weight,BMI,SBP,DBP,FBG,PBG,HbA1c,TC,TG,UA,and HOMA-IR values were all significantly lower 6 months postoperative vs at 3 months;and PCP,Fins,Pins,and HOMA-βwere all significantly higher 6 months postoperative vs at 3 months(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Side-to-side anastomosis of the jejunum and ileum can effectively treat T2DM and improve the metabolic index levels associated with it.

关键词： Metabolic diseases Type 2 diabetes Jejunoileal side-to-side anastomosis Glycolipid metabolism Islet function

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谈汉语拼音的字母“o”和元音“o”

常熟理工学院学报 2025年第1期39卷 32-35,64页

作者：石锋南开大学文学院天津300071

本文从八个方面讨论汉语拼音中“o”的读音,以把字母“o”和元音“o”区分开来。一、制定《汉语拼音方案》有语音学原则、文字学原则和兼顾传统的做法。二、普通话基础音系没有“o”元音音位。三、汉语拼音中的字母“o”有三种不同的发... 详细信息

本文从八个方面讨论汉语拼音中“o”的读音,以把字母“o”和元音“o”区分开来。一、制定《汉语拼音方案》有语音学原则、文字学原则和兼顾传统的做法。二、普通话基础音系没有“o”元音音位。三、汉语拼音中的字母“o”有三种不同的发音。四、中国学生的语音直觉就是“bo、duo”的韵母相同。五、教外国学生汉语拼音时要注意说明并操练字母“o”在不同条件下的实际发音。六、语文字典可以兼顾韵母“o”的读音和叹词“喔”的规范。七、可以适当编制相应的使用说明以妥善处理《汉语拼音方案》使用中的问题。八、建议完善《汉语拼音方案》,以便更好地发挥汉语拼音的作用。

关键词：汉语拼音字母“o” 元音“o” 语音学原则文字学原则