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Hepatobiliary phases in magnetic resonance imaging using liverspecific contrast for focal lesions in clinical practice

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第7期14卷 1459-1469页

作者： Daniel Alvarenga Fernandes Eduardo Andreazza Dal Lago felipe aguera oliver Bruna Melo Coelho Loureiro Daniel Lahan Martins Thiago José Penachim Ricardo Hoelz de Oliveira Barros José de ArimatéiaBatista Araújo Filho Larissa Bastos Eloy da Costa Áurea Maria Oliveira da Silva Elaine Cristina de Ataíde Ilka de Fátima Santana Ferreira Boin Nelson Marcio Gomes Caserta Department of Radiology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinas 13083-888São PauloBrazi Department of Radiology Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University-UNESPBotucatu 18618-970São PauloBrazil Instituto de Radiologia Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo-InRad/HC-FMUSPSão Paulo 05403-010SPBrazil Department of Radiology Sírio-Libanês HospitalSão Paulo 05652-900SPBrazil Department of Pathology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinas 13083-888São PauloBrazil Liver Transplant Unit Department of SurgerySchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinas 13083-888São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND Challenging lesions,difficult to diagnose through non-invasive methods,constitute an important emotional burden for each patient regarding a still uncertain diagnosis(malignant x benign).In addition,from a therapeutic and prognostic point of view,delay in a definitive diagnosis can lead to worse *** of the main innovative trends currently is the use of molecular and functional methods to *** liver-specific contrast agents havebeen developed and studied in recent years to improve the performance of liver magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).More recently,one of the contrast agents introduced in clinical practice is gadoxetic acid(gadoxetate disodium).AIM To demonstrate the value of the hepatobiliary phases using gadoxetic acid in MRI for the characterization of focal liver lesions(FLL)in clinical *** Overall,302 Lesions were studied in 136 patients who underwent MRI exams using gadoxetic acid for the assessment of *** radiologists independently reviewed the MRI exams using four stages,and categorized them on a 6-point scale,from 0(lesion not detected)to 5(definitely malignant).The stages were:stage 1-images without contrast,stage 2-addition of dynamic phases after contrast(analogous to usual extracellular contrasts),stage 3-addition of hepatobiliary phase after 10 min(HBP 10’),stage 4-hepatobiliary phase after 20 min(HBP 20’)in addition to stage *** The interobserver agreement was high(weighted Kappa coefficient:0.81-1)at all stages in the characterization of benign and malignant *** diagnostic weighted accuracy(Az)was 0.80 in stage 1 and was increased to 0.90 in stage *** of the hepatobiliary phase increased Az to 0.98 in stage 3,which was also 0.98 in stage *** The hepatobiliary sequences improve diagnostic *** growing potential in the era of precision medicine,the improvement and dissemination of the method among medical specialties can bring benefits in the management of patients w

关键词： Liver Liver neoplasms Liver transplantation Medical oncology Diagnostic imaging Magnetic resonance imaging

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Technical Perspective:Research on General-Purpose Brain-Inspired Computing Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第1期39卷 1-3页

作者： oliver Rhodes Department of Computer Science University of ManchesterManchester M139PLU.K

Brain-inspired computing is a popular research area with the potential to advance our understanding of brain function,artificial intelligence,and next-generation computing *** referred to as"neuromorphic",these systems and algorithms hope to harness mechanisms present in brains to make step changes in perfor-mance over regular von Neumann based approaches[1].

关键词： artificial computing Brain

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Eliciting CD4-mimicking broadly neutralizing antibodies:new avenues towards the rational design of an HIV vaccine

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 836-838页

作者： Frauke Muecksch oliver T.Fackler Department of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergVirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany Chica and Heinz Schaller(CHS)Research Group Department of Infectious DiseasesVirologyUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Department of Infectious Diseases Heidelberg UniversityMedical Faculty HeidelbergIntegrative VirologyCenter for Integrative Infectious Disease Research(CIID)HeidelbergGermany German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

In a study recently published in Cell,Saunders et *** that a new anti-HIV vaccine triggers antibody responses resembling CD4-binding site broadly neutralizing antibody precursors in rhesus macaques.1 This study provid... 详细信息

关键词： al. vaccine rational

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Active self-training for weakly supervised 3D scene semantic segmentation

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第3期10卷 425-438页

作者： Gengxin Liu oliver van Kaick Hui Huang Ruizhen Hu College of Computer Science&Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Computer Science Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada

Since the preparation of labeled datafor training semantic segmentation networks of pointclouds is a time-consuming process, weakly supervisedapproaches have been introduced to learn fromonly a small fraction of data. These methods aretypically based on learning with contrastive losses whileautomatically deriving per-point pseudo-labels from asparse set of user-annotated labels. In this paper, ourkey observation is that the selection of which samplesto annotate is as important as how these samplesare used for training. Thus, we introduce a methodfor weakly supervised segmentation of 3D scenes thatcombines self-training with active learning. Activelearning selects points for annotation that are likelyto result in improvements to the trained model, whileself-training makes efficient use of the user-providedlabels for learning the model. We demonstrate thatour approach leads to an effective method that providesimprovements in scene segmentation over previouswork and baselines, while requiring only a few userannotations.

关键词： semantic segmentation weakly supervised self-training active learning

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Controlling the reaction network of Ni/silica derived conversion of bio-oil surrogate guaiacol

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第1期7卷 39-60页

作者： Nils Kretzschmar oliver Busse Markus Seifert Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry01062 DresdenGermany

Replacing fossil carbon sources with green bio-oils is a promising route to switch to a sustainable chemical industry,although their high oxygen contents are *** hydrodeoxygenation is a favored route to upgrade bio-oils to renewable fuels and basic *** this work,we investigated Ni/SiO2 catalysts with differing metal dispersity in continuous mode conversion of guaiacol with a statistical experimental design for 250℃to 400℃,2 h up to 5 h time on stream(ToS)and subsequently different residence time besides other *** low temperature(250℃)promotes cyclohexanol formation from guaiacol,high temperature(400℃)inhibits hydrogenation,leading to phenol and *** medium temperature(340℃),the selectivity for cyclohexanone *** and cyclohexanone(KA-oil)are the industrial basis for polyamide ***,we clarified the role of 2-methoxycyclohexanol(2MC)in the reaction network towards KA-oil for continuous-mode *** analysis was used to predict and optimize product selectivity and yield,leading to the best yield of cyclohexanone/-ol at 327.5℃,low ToS,medium residence time,high particle dispersity,and medium hydrogen pressure(15 bar(g)).

关键词： Hydrodeoxygenation Design of experiments Bio-oil Nickel silica catalyst Continuous mode flow reactor KA-oil Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanone

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Eribulin in breast cancer:Current insights and therapeutic perspectives

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 62-74页

作者： oliver Oey Wynne Wijaya Andrew Redfern Faculty of Medicine University of Western AustraliaNedlands 6009Australia Department of Medical Oncology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009WAAustralia Department of Oncology University of OxfordOxford OX37DQUnited Kingdom Department of Internal Medicine Universitas Gadjah MadaSleman 55281Indonesia Department of Medical Oncology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150WAAustralia

Eribulin is a non-taxane synthetic analogue approved in many countries as thirdline treatment for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast *** addition to its mitotic property,eribulin has non-mitotic properties including but not limited to,its ability to induce phenotypic reversal of epithelial to mesenchymal transition,vascular remodelling,reduction in immunosuppressive tumour *** approval,there has been a surge in studies investigating the application of eribulin as an earlier-line treatment and also in combination with other agents such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy across all breast cancer sub-types,including hormone receptor positive,HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer,many demonstrating promising *** review will focus on the application of eribulin in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer across all subtypes including its role as an earlier-line agent,its toxicity profile,and potential future directions.

关键词： Eribulin Breast cancer Metastatic breast cancer Chemotherapy Efficacy Safety

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Recycling of solid-state batteries—challenge and opportunity for a circular economy?

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Materials Futures 2024年第1期3卷 10-30页

作者： Martine Jacob Kerstin Wissel oliver Clemens 1 Department of Chemical Materials Synthesis University of StuttgartInstitute of Materials ScienceHeisenbergstraße 370569 StuttgartGermany Technical University of Darmstadt Institute of Materials ScienceAlarich-Weiss-Straße 264287 DarmstadtGermany

The tremendous efforts made in the research field of solid-state Li-ion batteries have led to considerable advancement of this technology and the first market-ready systems can be expected in the near *** research community is currently investigating different solid-state electrolyte classes(***,sulfides,halides and polymers)with a focus on further optimizing the synthesis and electrochemical ***,so far,the development of sustainable recycling strategies allowing for an efficient backflow of critical elements contained in these batteries into the economic cycle and thus a transition from a linear to a circular economy lags *** this contribution,resource aspects with respect to the chemical value of crucial materials,which are used for the synthesis of solid-state electrolytes are being ***,an overview of possible approaches in relation to their challenges and opportunities for the recycling of solid-state batteries with respect to different solid-state electrolyte classes by means of pyrometallurgy,hydrometallurgy and direct recycling/dissolution-based separation processes is *** on these considerations and with reference to previous research,it will be shown that different solid-state electrolytes will require individually adapted recycling processes to be suitably designed for a circular economy and that further improvements and investigations will be required.

关键词： solid-state batteries solid-state electrolyte recycling circular economy

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Entangled photon pair generation in an integrated SiC platform

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1041-1046页

作者： Anouar Rahmouni Ruixuan Wang Jingwei Li Xiao Tang Thomas Gerrits oliver Slattery Qing Li Lijun Ma National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau DrGaithersburgMD20899USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA

Entanglement plays a vital role in quantum information *** to its unique material properties,silicon carbide recently emerged as a promising candidate for the scalable implementation of advanced quantum information processing *** date,however,only entanglement of nuclear spins has been reported in silicon carbide,while an entangled photon source,whether it is based on bulk or chip-scale technologies,has remained ***,we report the demonstration of an entangled photon source in an integrated silicon carbide platform for the first ***,strongly correlated photon pairs are efficiently generated at the telecom C-band wavelength through implementing spontaneous four-wave mixing in a compact microring resonator in the 4H-silicon-carbide-on-insulator *** maximum coincidence-to-accidental ratio exceeds 600 at a pump power of 0.17 mW,corresponding to a pair generation rate of(9±1)×10^(3) pairs/***-time entanglement is created and verified for such signal-idler photon pairs,with the two-photon interference fringes exhibiting a visibility larger than 99%.The heralded single-photon properties are also measured,with the heralded g^((2))(0)on the order of 10^(−3),demonstrating the SiC platform as a prospective fully integrated,complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible single-photon source for quantum applications.

关键词： quantum coincidence mixing

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Explainable artificial intelligence models for mineral prospectivity mapping

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2864-2875页

作者： Renguang ZUO Qiuming CHENG Ying XU Fanfan YANG Yihui XIONG Ziye WANG oliver P.KREUZER State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Corporate Geoscience Group(CGSG) PO Box 5128 Rockingham BeachWA 6969Australia Economic Geology Research Centre(EGRU) College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleQLD 4811Australia

Mineral prospectivity mapping(MPM)is designed to reduce the exploration search space by combining and analyzing geological prospecting big *** geological big data are too large and complex for humans to effectively handle and *** intelligence(AI)algorithms,which are powerful tools for mining nonlinear mineralization patterns in big data obtained from mineral exploration,have demonstrated excellent performance in ***,AI-driven MPM faces several challenges,including difficult interpretability,poor generalizability,and physical *** this study,based on previous studies,we devised a novel workflow that aims to constructing more transparent and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)models for MPM by embedding domain knowledge throughout the AI-driven MPM,from input data to model design and model *** newly proposed approach provides strong geological and conceptual leads that guide the entire AI-driven MPM model training process,thereby improving model interpretability and ***,the development of XAI models for MPM is capable of embedding prior and expert knowledge throughout the modeling process,presenting a valuable and promising area for future research designed to improve MPM.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Mineral prospectivity mapping Geological prospecting big data Domain knowledge Interpretability

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Towards Domain-agnostic Depth Completion

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 652-669页

作者： Guangkai Xu Wei Yin Jianming Zhang oliver Wang Simon Niklaus Simon Chen Jia-Wang Bian Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058China DaJiang Technology Shenzhen 518057China Adobe Research California 95110USA University of Oxford Oxford OX12JDUK

Existing depth completion methods are often targeted at a specific sparse depth type and generalize poorly across task *** present a method to complete sparse/semi-dense,noisy,and potentially low-resolution depth maps obtained by various range sensors,including those in modern mobile phones,or by multi-view reconstruction *** method leverages a data-driven prior in the form of a single image depth prediction network trained on large-scale datasets,the output of which is used as an input to our *** propose an effective training scheme where we simulate various sparsity patterns in typical task *** addition,we design two new benchmarks to evaluate the generalizability and robustness of depth completion *** simple method shows superior cross-domain generalization ability against state-of-the-art depth completion methods,introducing a practical solution to highqualitydepthcapture onamobile device.

关键词： Monocular depth estimation depth completion zero-shot generalization scene reconstruction neural network.

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