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Evaluation of the Tropical Variability from the Beijing Climate Center's Real-Time Operational Global Ocean Data Assimilation System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第2期33卷 208-220页

作者： Wei ZHOU Mengyan CHEN Wei ZHUANG Fanghua XU fei zheng Tongwen WU Xin WANG Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling and Center for Earth System ScienceTsinghua University International Center for Climate and Environment Science Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The second-generation Global Ocean Data Assimilation System of the Beijing Climate Center （BCC_GODAS2.0） has been run daily in a pre-operational mode. It spans the period 1990 to the present day. The goal of this paper is to introduce the main components and to evaluate BCC_GODAS2.0 for the user community. BCC_GODAS2.0 consists of an observational data preprocess, ocean data quality control system, a three-dimensional variational （3DVAR） data assimilation, and global ocean circulation model [Modular Ocean Model 4 （MOM4）]. MOM4 is driven by six-hourly fluxes from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. Satellite altimetry data, SST, and in-situ temperature and salinity data are assimilated in real time. The monthly results from the BCC_GODAS2.0 reanalysis are compared and assessed with observations for 1990-201 I. The climatology of the mixed layer depth of BCC_GODAS2.0 is generally in agreement with that of World Ocean Atlas 2001. The modeled sea level variations in the tropical Pacific are consistent with observations from satellite altimetry on interannual to decadal time scales. Performances in predicting variations in the SST using BCC_GODAS2.0 are evaluated. The standard deviation of the SST in BCC_GODAS2.0 agrees well with observations in the tropical Pacific. BCC_GODAS2.0 is able to capture the main features of E1 Nifio Modoki I and Modoki II, which have different impacts on rainfall in southern China. In addition, the relationships between the Indian Ocean and the two types of E1 Nino Modoki are also reproduced.

关键词： operational oceanography global ocean 3DVAR E1 Nifio interannual variability

Identification and Evaluation of a Panel of Ginsenosides from Different Red Ginseng Extracts with Nootropic Effect

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2018年第3期34卷 375-381页

作者： DAI Yulin ZHANG Ying ZHAO Xu JEON Youjin zheng fei MA Li YUE Hao Jilin Ginseng Academy Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun 130117 P. R. China Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National University Jeju 690-756 Republic of Korea Department of Hepatology The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China Institute of Mass Spectrometer and Atmospheric Environment Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 P. R. China

Red ginseng has been gradually discovered to have pharmacological and physiological effects. It is well known that the most important bioactive components of ginseng are ginsenosides. The nootropic effect of ginsenosides from nine different red ginseng extracts was evaluated here. Nine groups of mice were perfused with different concentrations of nine red ginseng extracts, respectively, and two groups of mice with distilled water. The nootropic effect of ginsenosides on mice was evaluated with behavior tests and a biochemical indicator study. The extracts were identified by rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（RRLC-Q-TOF-MS）. Furthermore, principal component analysis（PCA） was used to analyze the contribution of chemical components from different ginseng groups. The extracts with the most and the weakest effective nootropic were found. It is notable that extract processing is a very important factor to decide pharmacological functions of ginseng extracts. As a conclusion, the most effective extract method for ginsenosides has been found. A panel of 13 ginsenosides has been screened out as chemical markers with nootropic effect, which include high level ginsenosides Ra0, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Re, Rd, and Rgl and low level ginsenosides mRb1, mRc, mRb2, mRd, and F2. Low level ginsenosides were first time to be discovered as possible nootropic compounds. This method may shed light on fast discovery of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants with low level compounds.

关键词： Red ginseng Ginsenoside Nootropic effect Mass spectrometry Behavior test

Function of Ca^(2+)-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅳ in Ca^(2+)-stimulated neuronal signaling and behavior

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第1期58卷 6-13页

作者： SONG ZiXiang CHEN Qi DING Qi zheng fei LI ChengWei XU LePing WANG HongBing Department of Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Therapy Heping Hospital Changzhou Department of Physiology Michigan State University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University College of Life Science and Agronomy Zhoukou Normal University Neuroscience Program Michigan State University

The activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV(Ca MKIV) is sensitive to activity-dependent changes in the level of intracellular Ca2+.Following neuronal stimulation,the activation of Ca MKIV may trigger synaptic modifications and transcriptional responses,both of which are involved in regulating cognitive and emotional ***,we used Ca MKIV knockout(KO) neurons and mice to examine the function of Ca MKIV in Ca2+-stimulated intracellular signaling and animal behavior,*** NMDA receptor activation or membrane depolarization,the up-regulation of CREB(c AMP responsive element binding protein) and its target gene Bdnf(brain-derived neurotrophic factor) was intact in cortical neurons obtained from Ca MKIV KO *** MKIV KO mice displayed severe impairment in contextual fear memory but normal locomotor activity and anxiety level in the contextual training *** Ca MKIV KO mice showed normal memory in the standard passive avoidance task,they were defective in learning the temporal dissociative passive avoidance *** indicated by the light/dark test and marble-burying test data,Ca MKIV KO mice showed less anxiety and normal *** the voluntary wheel-running test,Ca MKIV KO mice showed normal running time and distance but higher maximal running *** results demonstrate the function of Ca MKIV in regulating different forms of fear memory,anxiety,and certain aspect of motor function.

关键词： animal behavior calmodulin CREB ERK1/2 intracellular signaling learning and memory

Hydrophobic surface modification of chitosan gels by stearyl for improving the activity of immobilized lipase

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第8期20卷 995-999页

作者： Hong Tao Deng Juan Juan Wang Miao Ma Zhong Yang Liu fei zheng College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 China

The hydrophobic surface modification of chitosan gels was carried out using the amidating reaction of amido groups on a gel surface with stearic acid activated by 1-ethyl-3-（3-dimethylaminopropyl）-carbodiimide hydrochloride （EDC） and N-hydroxysuccinimide （NHS）. Lipases from Candida rugosa were adsorbed on the nascent chitosan gels （CS） and stearyl-modified gels （SCS） with different degrees of amidation. The increased surface hydrophobicity of chitosan gels improved the adsorption capacity and activity of the immobilized lipase. SCS with 31.46% amidation showed the maximum activity retention （83.43%）. The experimental results suggest that the moderate surface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of chitosan gels is necessary for the improvement of the activity of immobilized lipase. ？2009 Hong Tao Deng. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lipase Chitosan Surface modification Adsorption

Obtained transgenic wheat expressing pac1 mediated by Agrobacterium is resistant against Barley yellow dwarf virus-GPV

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第19期51卷 2362-2368页

作者： YAN fei zheng Yinying ZHANG Wenwei XIAO Hong LI Shifang CHENG Zhuomin State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100094 China

In fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), pac1 gene was cloned with 99.3% nucleo- tide sequence similarity with published pac1 in GenBank. In pET-5α expression system, the expres- sion product of cloned pac1 in E. coli showed activity to degrade the double-strand RNA. Harboring the binary vector pBI121, which contains pac1 gene, Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 was used to transform the wheat immature embryos pre- cultured 7―10 d. After preregeneration, regeneration and selection culture stage, totally 41 G418 resistant plants were obtained, in which 25 lines were proved to integrate with transgene and express transgene normally by PCR, Dot blot, RT-PCR and ELISA de- tection. Antivirus test carried out on 25 positive lines with high dose of Barley yellow dwarf virus-GPV re- vealed that 12 lines had resistance to BVDV-GPV in low level, another 12 lines had resistance to BVDV- GPV in middle level, and 1 line showed resistance to BVDV-GPV in high level. However, both low and middle level of resistance plants showed no symp- toms when infected by viruses at low dose, which suggested the dose-dependent effect of the resis- tance mediated by pac1 to BYDV-GPV.

关键词：转基因小麦 pac1 土壤杆菌抗病毒素大麦黄矮病

Distribution,cycling and impact of water in the Earth's interior

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National Science Review 2017年第6期4卷 879-891页

作者： Huaiwei Ni Yong-fei zheng Zhu Mao Qin Wang Ren-Xu Chen Li Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University

The Earth’s deep interior is a hidden water reservoir on a par with the hydrosphere that is crucial for keeping the Earth as a habitable planet. In particular, nominally anhydrous minerals(NAMs) in the silicate Earth host a significant amount of water by accommodating H point defects in their crystal lattices. Water distribution in the silicate Earth is highly heterogeneous, and the mantle transition zone may contain more water than the upper and lower mantles. Plate subduction transports surface water to various depths, with a series of hydrous minerals and NAMs serving as water carriers. Dehydration of the subducting slab produces liquid phases such as aqueous solutions and hydrous melts as a metasomatic agent of the *** melting of the metasomatic mantle domains sparks off arc volcanism, which, along with the volcanism at mid-ocean ridges and hotspots, returns water to the surface and completes the deep water cycle. There appears to have been a steady balance between hydration and dehydration of the mantle at least since the Phanerozoic. Earth’s water probably originates from a primordial portion that survived the Moon-forming giant impact, with later delivery by asteroids and comets. Water could play a critical role in initiating plate tectonics. In the modern Earth, the storage and cycling of water profoundly modulates a variety of properties and processes of the Earth’s interior, with impacts on surface environments. Notable examples include the hydrolytic weakening effect on mantle convection and plate motion, influences on phase transitions(on the solidus of mantle peridotite in particular) and dehydration embrittlement triggering intermediate-to deep-focus earthquakes. Water can reduce seismic velocity and enhance electrical conductivity, providing remote sensing methods for water distribution in the Earth’s *** unresolved issues around the deep water cycle require an integrated approach and concerted efforts from multiple disciplines.

关键词： water Earth’s interior mantle subduction partial melting

Graph reasoning over explicit semantic relation

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High-Confidence Computing

High-Confidence Computing 2024年第2期4卷 136-144页

作者： Tianyou Zhu Shi Liu Bo Li Junjian Liu Pufan Liu fei zheng State Grid Corporation of China Beijing 100031China

Multi-hop reasoning over language or graphs represents a significant challenge in contemporary research,particularly with the reliance on deep neural *** networks are integral to text reasoning processes,yet they present challenges in extracting and representing domain or commonsense knowledge,and they often lack robust logical reasoning *** address these issues,we introduce an innovative text reasoning *** framework is grounded in the use of a semantic relation graph and a graph neural network,designed to enhance the model’s ability to encapsulate knowledge and facilitate complex multi-hop *** framework operates by extracting knowledge from a broad range of *** constructs a semantic relationship graph based on the logical relationships inherent in the reasoning *** with the core question,the framework methodically deduces key knowledge,using it as a guide to iteratively establish a complete evidence chain,thereby determining the final *** the advanced reasoning capabilities of the graph neural network,this approach is adept at multi-hop logical *** demonstrates strong performance in tasks like machine reading comprehension and question answering,while also clearly delineating the path of logical reasoning.

关键词： Semantic relation graph Multi-hop reasoning Graph neural network

IL-2-loaded Polypeptide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anti-cancer Immunotherapy

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第7期41卷 1059-1068页

作者： Xiao-Shuang Wang Zhao-Shi zheng Meng-fei zheng Di Wang Hong-Lei Zhang Zhen-Qian Zhang Zhi-Lin Liu Zhao-Hui Tang Xue-Mei Han No.1 Department of Neurology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033China Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory Changchun130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials&Application Technology of Hunan Province Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is widely used as an active immunotherapeutic agent in clinical metastatic cancers. However, its therapeutic concentrations do not last long due to its short half-life. Thus, only a transient proliferation of the anti-cancer CD8+ T cells can be achieved, resulting in poor efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this work was to create a system that promotes CD8+ T cell proliferation at the tumor site using IL-2 persistently present and activates an anti-cancer immune response. This goal was achieved by the design of the IL-2-loaded polypeptide nanoparticles (P-IL-2) where methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) block poly-[(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-aspartamide] phenylboronic acid was used to encapsulate IL-2 through boron-nitrogen coordination with poly(L-lysine). P-IL-2 significantly prolonged the circulation time of IL-2 and achieved a selective drug release at the tumor site in the presence of high levels of reactive oxygen species, thus activating an anti-cancer immune response and exerting a better anti-cancer effect. The half-life of P-IL-2 was 3.15-fold higher than that of IL-2, and the quantity of CD8+ T cells after using P-IL-2 was 1.89-fold higher than that after using IL-2. In addition, the combination of P-IL-2 and anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody resulted in an enhanced immune activation. Hence, this work provides a new approach to improve the efficacy of IL-2 in anti-cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Polypeptide Phenylboronic acid Boron-nitrogen coordination Interleukin 2 ROS-responsive

Slowing down of the summer Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode trend against the background of ozone recovery

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第1期17卷 1-8页

作者： fei zheng School of Atmospheric Sciences Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of EducationSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory ZhuhaiChina

20世纪末期,南半球热带外地区经历了显著的气候变化,包括夏季南半球环状模(SAM)的显著上升趋势,伴随着南极半岛的增暖和别林斯高晋海的海冰融化.这些趋势主要是由20世纪末期南极平流层臭氧消耗所驱动的.本文发现,自2001年左右以来,在南... 详细信息

20世纪末期,南半球热带外地区经历了显著的气候变化,包括夏季南半球环状模(SAM)的显著上升趋势,伴随着南极半岛的增暖和别林斯高晋海的海冰融化.这些趋势主要是由20世纪末期南极平流层臭氧消耗所驱动的.本文发现,自2001年左右以来,在南极平流层臭氧恢复的背景下,观测到的夏季SAM的上升趋势已经趋于平缓,验证了前人利用数值模拟预测的夏季SAM上升趋势减缓现象,与SAM在臭氧恢复后趋势只减缓但没有逆转不同,南极地表气温和海冰的趋势发生了逆转.南极半岛由变暖趋势转为降温趋势,别林斯高晋海域的海冰由融化趋势转为增多趋势.

关键词：南半球环状模南极臭氧损耗南极臭氧恢复