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Production of Biochar for Soil Application:A Comparative Study of Three Kiln Models

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 696-702页

作者： Shamim MIA Nijam UDDIN Shaikh Abdullah Al MAMUN HOSSAIN Ruhul AMIN fatima z.mete Tjisse HIEMSTRA Department of Agronomy Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Chemistry Patuakhali Science and Technology University Department of Agricultural Engineering Patuakhali Science and Technology University Globe Soft Drinks Ltd. Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University

Biochar has potentials for soil fertility improvement, climate change mitigation and environmental reclamation, and charred biomass can be deliberately incorporated into soil for long-term carbon stabilization and soil amendment. Many different methods have been used for biochar production ranging from laboratory to industrial scales. However, in countryside of developing countries, biomass is generally used for cooking but not charred. Biochar production techniques at farmer scale have remained poorly developed. We developed and tested biochar production kilns for farmers with a dimension of 50.8 cm × 38.1 cm （height × diameter）, using three different setups for optimizing oxygen （02） limitation and syngas circulation： airtight with no syngas circulation （Model I）, semi-airtight with external syngas circulation （Model II） and semi-airtight with internal syngas circulation （Model III）. A comparative assessment of these biochar production kiln models was made considering biochar pyrolysis time, fuel to biomass ratio, biochar to feedstock ratio and thermogravimetric index （TGI）. Among the models, the best quality biochar （TGI ---- 0.15） was obtained from Model I kiln taking the longest time for pyrolysis （12.5 h） and the highest amount of fuel wood （1.22 kg kg-1 biomass）. Model III kiln produced comparatively good quality biochar （TGI = 0.11）, but with less fuel wood requirement （0.33 kg kg-1 biomass） and shorter pyrolysis time （8.5 h）. We also tested Model III kiln in a three times larger size under two situations （steel kiln and pit kiln）. The biochar to feedstock ratio （0.38） and quality （TGI =0.14） increased slightly for the larger kilns. Quality of biochar was found to be mainly related to pyrolysis time. The costs for the biochar stove and pit kiln were US$ 65-77, while it was US$ 154 for the large size steel kiln. Model III kiln can potentially be used for both cooking and biochar production at farmer scale.

关键词： biomass farmer scale feedstock fuel wood requirement O2 limitation pyrolysis time syngas circulation thermogravi- metric index

Influence of growth time on crystalline structure,conductivity and optical properties of znO thin films

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第2期34卷 11-14页

作者： Said Benramache Foued Chabane Boubaker Benhaoua fatima z.Lemmadi Material Sciences Laboratory Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Biskra Mechanical Engineering Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of Biskra Physics Laboratory

This paper examines the growth of znO thin films on glass substrate at 350 ℃ using an ultrasonic spray technique. We have investigated the influence of growth time ranging from 1 to 4 min on structural, optical and electrical properties of znO thin films. The as-grown films exhibit a hexagonal structure wurtzite and are （002） oriented. The maximum value of grain size G = 63.99 nm is attained for znO films grown at 2 min. The average transmittance is about 80%, thus the films are transparent in the visible region. The optical gap energy is found to increase from 3.26 to 3.37 eV with growth time increased from 1 to 2 min. The minimum value of electrical resistivity of the films is 0.13 Ω.cm obtained at 2 min. A systematic study on the influence of growth time on the properties of znO thin films deposited by ultrasonic spray at 350 ℃ has been reported.

关键词： znO thin film growth time ultrasonic spray technique

New uses for an old remedy:Digoxin as a potential treatment for steatohepatitis and other disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第12期29卷 1824-1837页

作者： fatima Jamshed Farzaneh Dashti Xinshou Ouyang Wajahat z Mehal Bubu A Banini Section of Digestive Diseases Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Griffin Hospital-Yale University DerbyCT 06418United States West Haven Veterans Medical Center West HavenCT 06516United States

Repurposing of the widely available and relatively cheap generic cardiac glycoside digoxin for non-cardiac indications could have a wide-ranging impact on the global burden of several *** the past several years,there have been significant advances in the study of digoxin pharmacology and its potential noncardiac clinical applications,including anti-inflammatory,antineoplastic,metabolic,and antimicrobial *** holds promise in the treatment of gastrointestinal disease,including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholassociated steatohepatitis as well as in obesity,cancer,and treatment of viral infections,among other *** this review,we provide a summary of the clinical uses of digoxin to date and discuss recent research on its emerging applications.

关键词： Digoxin Cardiac glycosides Oxidative stress Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Alcohol-associated steatohepatitis Sterile inflammation

Global Existence and Asymptotic Stability for the Initial Boundary Value Problem of the Linear Bresse System with a Time-Varying Delay Term

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Journal of Partial Differential Equations 2019年第2期32卷 93-111页

作者： MAHDI fatima.z. HAKEM Ali Laboratory ACEDP Djillali Liabes university22000 Sidi Bel AbbesAlgeria

The authors of this paper study the Bresse system in bounded domain with delay ***,we prove the global existence of its solutions in Sobolev spaces by means of semigroup ***,the asymptotic stability is given by using ... 详细信息

关键词： Semi group approach Bresse system energy decay

Identification,Isolation and Characterization of GaCyPI Gene in Gossypium arboreum under Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Disease Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第6期90卷 1613-1632页

作者： zunaira Sher Muhammad Umair Majid Sameera Hassan fatima Batool Beenish Aftab Bushra Rashid Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore53700Pakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Fisheries&Wild LifeUniversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences-Ravi CampusPattoki55300Pakistan

Pakistan is facing the threat of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus(CLCuV)which is transmitted through whitefly to cotton *** mechanism of leaf epicuticular wax protects the plants from different pathogens including insect attack and disease *** of current study is the isolation and characterization of a wax related gene GaCyPI from Gossypium arboreum under CLCuV infection.A fragment of 475 bp was isolated from the total RNA and 3’and 5’RACE-PCR products were arranged by overlapping the extended sequences at both the *** protein sequence of GaCyPI showed homology with Cyclophilin cis-trans isomerase gene of Gossypium ramondii and Gossypium *** sequence alignment also revealed homology among the coding sequences of same *** protein comprised of 173 amino acids and ORF finder revealed the 69 bases upstream at 5’while 350 bp at 3’*** revealed that it belongs to Cyclophilin-type peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase(PPIase)*** sites are visible at specific amino acid positions and 3D structure was stable in Ramachandran *** server showed protein residues have average 3D-1D score>=0.2 and z-Score was−*** analysis revealed that *** is the closest species that shares the same ***,GaCyPI has strong role in plants’epicuticular wax and its genetic transformation may protect the cotton from whitefly which transmits CLCuV.

关键词： Cotton plant wax virus transmission cyclophilin gene family expressed sequence tag

Glycation Induced Physicochemical Changes in Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Role in Promoting Cholesterol Accumulation in Macrophages along with Antiglycation Effect of Aminoguanidine

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2015年第5期5卷 203-214页

作者： D. S. Jairajpuri S. fatima z. S. Jairajpuri Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Medicine and Medical Sciences Arabian Gulf University Manama Kingdom of Bahrain Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Life Science Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Department of Pathology Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Hamdard University New Delhi India

The present study aimed at investigating physicochemical changes in modified LDL by sugars specifically fructose due to recent reports on its involvement in cardiovascular diseases and also glucose and their role in subsequent in vitro accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages. Antiglycation action of aminoguanidine was also investigated. LDL isolated from human blood was incubated with fructose or glucose and aminoguanidine where indicated. The physicochemical changes in modified LDL were detected by electrophoretic, spectroscopic and chemical analysis. Accumulation of cholesterol and its inhibiton in human monocyte-derived macrophages incubated with modified LDL was determined by HPLC. Results showed increased relative electrophoretic mobility, hyperchromicity at 280 nm, development of AGE fluorescence, decrease in free amino groups and increased carbonyl content in glycated LDL as compared to native LDL. Also total cholesterol accumulated in macrophages was more for glycated LDL as compared to native LDL. The magnitude of changes was more prominent in case of fructose as compared to glucose. Aminoguanidine showed remarkable restriction of glycation-induced alterations in LDL and also in accumulation of cholesterol in macrophages. The study thus proclaims that LDL-AGEs formed by fructose may contribute to accelerated initiation of diabetes induced atherosclerosis via foam cells generation and aminoguanidine may have therapeutic potential against it.

关键词： Glycation LDL-AGEs D-Fructose Aminoguanidine Diabetes-Induced Atherosclerosis

The Null Effect of UVC Ceiling Light Exposure on SARS-CoV2

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Health 2020年第11期12卷 1481-1495页

作者： Waheeb E. Alnaser Amjad z. Ghanem Naser W. Alnaser Qasim Alaraibi fatima Alshaikh Department of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Kingdom of Bahrain Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Mananama Kingdom of Bahrain Department of Architecture and Interior Design College of Engineering University of Bahrain Kingdom of Bahrain

There has been some extensive research investigating the effect of Far Ultraviolet Radiation (UVC) on SARS and MARS. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have not been any detailed experiments looking at the effect of UVC on COVID-19 (now is called SARS-CoV2). Many researchers in this field believe that UVC destroys SARS-CoV2 because it warps the genetic material of the virus hurdling the viral particles from reproduction. In this paper, we report the result of our novel experiments on the effect of UVC on SARS-CoV2 using a commercially available UVC source, i.e. Krypton Disinfection lighting CM15W12V Series (wavelength of 222 nm), which is sold and marketed for the disinfection of pathogens. The experiments were extended to study the effect of UVC exposure to Bacteria and Fungus. Our experiments show that UVC has no effects on SARS-CoV2 when it is close to the SARS-CoV2 culture plate (4 - 5 cm) or at a distance (2.0 to 2.9 m), i.e. when fixed at the ceiling. This observation is important as the public seems to have the impression that commercial UVC ceiling light can kill SARS-CoV2 while this study has proven the opposite. Moreover, it shows no effect even when the UVC ceiling light is radiating on SARS-CoV2 for overnight. This proves that the intensity of the UVC from these devices is relatively low. However, the UVC light is found to be effective in destroying Bacteria and Fungus (part of pathogens), substantially, in 30 sec, and completely kills them when it’s at 2.9 m (or less) away from them and exposure for one day. This indicates that the UVC light is effective for bacteria disinfection.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV2 UVC Pathogens UVC Exposure

Automatic and Manual Proliferation Rate Estimation from Digital Pathology Images

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2015年第6期8卷 269-275页

作者： Lama Rajab Heba z. Al-Lahham Raja S. Alomari fatima Obaidat Vipin Chaudhary The University of Jordan Amman Jordan The University at Buffalo Buffalo USA

Digital pathology is a major revolution in pathology and is changing the clinical routine for pathologists. We work on providing a computer aided diagnosis system that automatically and robustly provides the pathologist with a second opinion for many diagnosis tasks. However, inter-observer variability prevents thorough validation of any proposed technique for any specific problems. In this work, we study the variability and reliability of proliferation rate estimation from digital pathology images for breast cancer proliferation rate estimation. We also study the robustness of our recently proposed method CAD system for PRE estimation. Three statistical significance tests showed that our automated CAD system was as reliable as the expert pathologist in both brown and blue nuclei estimation on a dataset of 100 images.

关键词： Prolifiration Rate Estimation (PRE) Digital Pathology Interobserver Variability

Physical Properties of the zn<sub>x</sub>Cd<sub>1-x </sub>Se Alloys: Ab-Initio Method

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第11期3卷 768-778页

作者： Mohammed Ameri Meriem Fodil Fatma z. Aoumeur-Benkabou zoubir Mahdjoub fatima Boufadi Ali Bentouaf Department of Physics University Djillali Liabes Sidi Bel Abbes Algeria Laboratoire Microscopy Microanalysis of Matter and Molecular Spectroscopy University Djillali Liabes Sidi Bel Abbes Algeria Laboratory of Communication Networks Architecture and Multimedia Sidi-Bel-Abbès University Sidi Bel Abbès Algeria

The present work performs self-consistent ab initio full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital (FP-LMTO) method to study the structural and electronic properties of the ternary znxCd1-xSe alloy, based on density functional theory (DFT). In this approach, both the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) were used for the exchange-correlation potential calculation. The ground-state properties are determined for the bulk materials CdSe, znSe and their alloy in cubic phase. In particular, the lattice constant, bulk modulus, electronic band structures and effective mass. We mainly showed deviation of the lattice parameter and bulk modulus from Vegard’s law of our alloys. We also presented the microscopic origins of the gap bowing using the approach of zunger et al. The results are compared with other theoretical calculations and experimental data and are in reasonable agreement.

关键词： FP-LMTO Ab-Initio Approach of zunger Effective Mass