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Nutritional content explains the attractiveness of cacao to crop raiding Tonkean macaques

Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 160-169页

作者： Erin P. RILEY Barbara TOLBERT Wartika R. farida Department of Anthropology San Diego State University San Diego CA 92182-6040 USA Research Center for Biology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Cibinong - Bogor Indonesia

Nutritional ecology has been linked to crop raiding behavior in a number of wildlife taxa. Here our goal is to explore the role nutrition plays in cacao crop raiding by Tonkean macaques Macaca tonkeana in Sulawesi, Indonesia. From June - Sept. 2008 we collected fruit samples from 13 species known to be important Tonkean macaque foods and compared their nutritional value to that of cacao Theobroma cacao, an important cash crop in Sulawesi. Cacao pulp was significantly lower in protein, but lower in dietary fiber, and higher in digestible carbohydrates and energy content compared to forest fruits. These findings, com- bined with the fact that cacao fruits are spatially concentrated and available throughout the year, likely explain why Tonkean ma- caques are attracted to this cultivated resource. We use these data along with published feeding ecology data to propose strategies to minimize human-macaque conflict. Namely, we recommend the deliberate protection of Elmerillila tsiampaccca, Ficus spp. and Arenga pinnata, fruit species known to be regularly consumed and of considerable nutritional value. We also identify the A. pinnata palm as a potential buffer resource to curb cacao crop raiding by macaques. Cacao is a hard-to-process food because the pods have a thick outer skin that encases the seeds and pulp. Aren palm fruit, although lower in digestibility, is easier-to-process, higher in protein, and also available year round. In addition, because the palm has considerable cultural and economic signifi- cance for local people, the strategy of planting Aren palm in a buffer corridor is likely to garner local community support [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 160-169, 2013].

关键词： Human-macaque conflict Foraging efficiency Buffer crop Arenga pinnata Ficus Fiber content

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The Implementation Ofthe Universitypolicyon Pregnant Students in Tanzania:A Case Study of the Dodoma University

The Implementation Ofthe Universitypolicyon Pregnant Student...

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作者： farida ALBERT SANGA 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

This study was aimed at assessing the implementation of policy that have been in use for pregnant students at the University of Dodoma in Tanzania,which was used as the case of this *** study explored different critical challenges in implementing the university policy or rules or strategies toward pregnant students at the University of ***,it provides suggestions on how to improve the implementation of the policy toward pregnant students at the *** to the nature of these research questions this study adopted qualitative research *** data were collected through the use of interview（semi-structured）,documents and texts analysis,and focus group *** total of thirty-two participants were participated in this *** includes twenty pregnant students,one dean of students,five university staff,three policy makers and three policy implementers were required to provide the information for this *** study revealed that pregnant students faced with different challenges including academic challenges,failure to write their examinations,shortage of basic needs during pregnancy and psychological problem which impacts negatively their academic ***,the study reviled that the policy used is lack a sense of clarity,specificity and *** policy does not show the direction including the working plans and strategies for *** leads to poor management of pregnant students in higher learning which is currently characterized with many *** study concluded that these policy weaknesses affected and challenged students’ academic ***,the study recommended that;firstly,the policy makers should revise the current policy and procedures to address the needs of pregnant students in higher learning ***,the policy implementers should be equipped with knowledges and skills on how to approach and implement the given policy to pregnant ***,all students should

关键词： Pregnant students Policy Higher Education Implementation

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Chemical analysis,antimicrobial and anti-oxidative properties of Daucus gracilis essential oil and its mechanism of action

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第1期6卷 8-15页

作者： Meriem El Kolli Hocine Laouer Hayet El Kolli Salah Akkal farida Sahli Laboratory of Natural Biological Resources University of Sétif 1 Laboratory of Multiphase Polymeric Materials University of Sétif 1 VARENBIOMOL: Department of Chemistry University of Constantine 1

Objective:To evaluate the essential oils(EO) composition,antimicrobial and antioxidant power of a local plant,Daucus gracilis(***).Methods:The aerial parts of *** were subjected to hydro distillation by a Clevenger apparatus type to obtain the EO which had been analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry,and screened for antimicrobial activity against five bacteria and three fungi by agar diffusion *** mechanism of action of the EO was determined on the susceptible strains by both of time kill assay and lysis *** minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by agar macrodilution and micro-dilution ***-oxidative properties of the EO were also studied by free diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and reducing power ***:The EO yielded 0.68(v/w).The chemical analysis presented two dominant constituents which were the elemicin(35.3%) and the geranyl acetate(26.8%).*** EO inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus and Proteus mirabilis significantly with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 17.15 μg/mL by the agar dilution method and57.05 μg/mL and 114.1 μg/mL,respectively by liquid micro-dilution.A remarkable decrease in a survival rate as well as in the absorbance in 260 nm was recorded,which suggested that the cytoplasm membrane was one of the targets of the *** EO showed,also,important anti-oxidative effects with an IC50 of 0.002 mg/mL and a dosedependent reducing ***:*** EO showed potent antimicrobial and anti-oxidative activities and had acted on the cytoplasm *** activities could be exploited in the food industry for food preservation.

关键词： Daucus gracilis Apiaceae Essential oils Antimicrobial activity Macro-dilution Micro-dilution Anti-oxidative activity Reducing power

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Atmospheric photochemistry and secondary aerosol formation of urban air in Lyon,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 311-323页

作者： Salah Eddine Sbai Chunlin Li Antoinette Boreave Nicolas Charbonnel Sebastien Perrier Philippe Vernoux farida Bentayeb Christian George Sonia Gil Department of physics Laboratoires de physique des hauts Energies Modelisation et SimulationMohammed V Uniuersity in RabatRabatMorocco Universite lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSIRCELYON2 Auenue Albert Einstein69100 LyonFrance Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Weizmann Institute of Science76100 RehovotIsrael

Photochemical aging of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the atmosphere is an important source of secondary organic aerosol(SOA).To evaluate the formation potential of SOA at an urban site in Lyon(France),an outdoor experiment using a Potential Aerosol Mass(PAM)oxidation flow reactor(OFR)was conducted throughout entire days during JanuaryFebruary *** variation of SOA formations and their correlation with OH radical exposure(OHexp),ambient pollutants(VOCs and particulate matters,PM),Relative Humidity(RH),and temperature were explored in this *** urban air was exposed to high concentration of OH radicals with OHexp in range of(0.2-1.2)×10^12 molecule/(cm^3·sec),corresponding to several days to weeks of equivalent atmospheric photochemical *** results informed that urban air at Lyon has high potency to contribute to SOA,and these SOA productions were favored from OH radical photochemical oxidation rather than via *** SOA formation(36μg/m^3)was obtained at OHexp of about 7.4×10^11 molecule/(cm^3·sec),equivalent to approximately 5 days of atmospheric *** correlation between SOA formation and ambient environment conditions(RH&temperature,VOCs and PM)was *** was the first time to estimate SOA formation potential from ambient air over a long period in urban environment of Lyon.

关键词： Urban air Oxidation Flow Reactor(OFR) Secondary Organic Aerosol(SOA) Volatile Organic Compounds(VOC) Photochemistry Lyon

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Chemical resistance tests on PP-ternary nanocomposite for its application in bioreactor liner fabrication

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第8期54卷 2217-2223页

作者： farida Yusof SALAWUDEEN T.Olalekan QASIM H.Shah MA'AN F.Alkhatib SULEYMAN A.Muyibi Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Research Group Department of Biotechnology Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia

Continuous usage of bioreactor causes early degradation of most bioreactor liner materials due to the effects of various chemicals, consequently resulting in contamination in the bioprocess. Performance of PP-ternary nanocomposite (PPTN) for its potential application in the fabrication of bioreactor liner material was investigated in this study. The chemical resistance of the composite samples obtained was tested by exposing them to chemicals such as acid, alkaline, water and bacterial solutions, according to ASTM 543-06, and their effects on the composite samples were carefully observed. Specifically, the investigation focused on the changes in the physico-mechanical properties of PPTN following long term of exposure to these chemicals. The results show slight increase in the weight and dimensions of samples in the first few days, followed by constant reading for the period of 4 weeks. The performance in terms of physical properties was in the range of PPTN with 0.61% MWCNT > PPTN 0.45% > PPTN 0.17%. The maximum percentage change in tensile properties, observed in this study, was approximately 10% against PPTN (0.17%), which indicates stable mechanical properties of the composite and invariably suggests that the nanocomposites could serve as a better alternative for bioreactor liner fabrication.

关键词： bioreactor chemical resistance liner material MWCNT melt intercalation polypropylene ternary nanocomposite

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Outcomes of patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgery:Risk assessment and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第30期13卷 4056-4063页

作者： farida Millwala Geoffrey C Nguyen Paul J Thuluvath Hepatology Section The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 2105 United States

The reported mortality rates in patients with cirrhosis undergoing various non-transplant surgical procedures range from 8.3% to 25%. This wide range of mortality rates is related to severity of liver disease, type of surgery, demographics of patient population, expertise of the surgical, anesthesia and intensive care unit team and finally, reporting bias. In this article, we will review the pathophysiology, morbidity and mortality associated with non-hepatic surgery in patients with cirrhosis, and then recommend an algorithm for risk assessment and evidence based management strategy to optimize post-surgical outcomes.

关键词： Pre-operative risk assessment Risk stratification Cirrhosis Model for end-stage liver disease Non-transplant surgery Outcomes

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The Policies of Seismic Risk Management： Case of the Protected Areas of Dellys and Tenes Cities, Algeria

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第2期11卷 121-126页

作者： farida Sehili Said Madani Laboratory PUViT University of Ferhat Abbas E1Bez 19000 S~tif Algeria

The greater part of urban heritage, especially of the medium and small Algerian cities, is subject to a major seismic risk. The probability of a happening earthquake is strong, and the territories vulnerability is great. Legislative procedures are implemented to support urban heritage and managing natural disasters. In fact, the PPSMVSS （permanent plan of safeguard and enhancement of saved sectors） as an instrument of protection, preservation and enhancement of this heritage, in its content, does not guide decision makers on how to manage the vulnerability of preserved areas from the earthquake. After the disaster of the earthquake that hit the Algerian Centre （wilaya of Boumerdes） in 2003. A legislative framework was created while other texts have been adapted. Emergency measures operations are launched to preserve the under threat monuments and protected areas. Saved sectors of Dellys, in the wilaya of Boumerdes and T6n^s in the wilaya of Chlef, are all the time subjected to seismic risk. This article presents a comparative study of two PPSMVSS, Dellys and T6n6s, and the management of the vulnerability of their two safeguarded areas. As a result of this study, some indicators were identified to allow the development of plans for the protection and management natural risks of these protected areas.

关键词： Safeguarded sector PPSMVSS catastrophe seismic risk management.

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Modelling the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 transmission from mobility maps

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 400-418页

作者： Umair Hasan Hamad Al Jassmi Abdessamad Tridane Anderson Stanciole farida Al-Hosani Bashir Aden Emirates Centre for Mobility Research United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain15551United Arab Emirates Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain15551United Arab Emirates Mathematical Sciences Department College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain15551United Arab Emirates Department of Health Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Public Health Center Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

The world has faced the COVID-19 pandemic for over two years now,and it is time to revisit the lessons learned from lockdown measures for theoretical and practical epidemiological *** interlink between these measures and the resulting change in mobility(a predictor of the disease transmission contact rate)is *** thus propose a new method for assessing the efficacy of various non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPI)and examine the aptness of incorporating mobility data for epidemiological *** mobility maps for the United Arab Emirates are used as input datasets from the first infection in the country to mid-Oct *** was limited to the pre-vaccination period as this paper focuses on assessing the different NPIs at an early epidemic stage when no vaccines are available and NPIs are the only way to reduce the reproduction number(R_(0)).We developed a travel network density parameterβ_(t)to provide an estimate of NPI impact on mobility *** the infection-fatality ratio and time lag(onset-to-death),a Bayesian probabilistic model is adapted to calculate the change in epidemic development withβ*** showed that the change inβ_(t)clearly impacted R_(0).The three lockdowns strongly affected the growth of transmission rate and collectively reduced R_(0)by 78%before the restrictions were *** model forecasted daily infections and deaths by 2%and 3%fractional *** also projected what-if scenarios for different implementation protocols of each *** developed model can be applied to identify the most efficient NPIs for confronting new COVID-19 waves and the spread of variants,as well as for future pandemics.

关键词： Non-pharmaceutical interventions COVID-19 Epidemiological modelling Mobility maps

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Hybrid System for Robust Faces Detection

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2012年第2期10卷 167-172页

作者： Hayet farida Merouani Amir Benzaoui the Laboratory of Computer Research Department of Computer Sciences University of Badji Mokhtar the Laboratory of Inverses Problems Modeling Information and Systems Department of Electronic and Telecommunication University of 08 Mai 1945P.O. box 401 Guelma 24000 Algéria

The automatic detection of faces is a very important problem. The effectiveness of biometric authentication based on face mainly depends on the method used to locate the face in the image. This paper presents a hybrid system for faces detection in unconstrained cases in which the illumination, pose, occlusion, and size of the face are uncontrolled. To do this, the new method of detection proposed in this paper is based primarily on a technique of automatic learning by using the decision of three neural networks, a technique of energy compaction by using the discrete cosine transform, and a technique of segmentation by the color of human skin. A whole of pictures （faces and no faces） are transformed to vectors of data which will be used for learning the neural networks to separate between the two classes. Discrete cosine transform is used to reduce the dimension of the vectors, to eliminate the redundancies of information, and to store only the useful information in a minimum number of coefficients while the segmentation is used to reduce the space of research in the image. The experimental results have shown that this hybridization of methods will give a very significant improvement of the rate of the recognition, quality of detection, and the time of execution.

关键词： Energy compaction face detection face recognition neural networks.

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Prolonged Adrenal Insufficiency after Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Cortisolic Adenoma

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第3期13卷 45-51页

作者： Fatima Akioud farida Ajdi Ikram Damoune Departements of Endocrinology-Diabetology and Nutrition Medical School University Hospital Center Souss Massa Agadir Morocco

Background: The suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by cortisol-secreting adrenocortical tumors is well recognized and requires peri- and postoperative hydrocortisone substitution. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old female patient with hypertension and progressive weight gain, the clinical signs of hypercorticism motivated a hormonal workup revealing an independent ACTH Cushing’s syndrome: with urinary free cortisol (UFC) at 649 nmol/24h (4× normal), adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) at 1.5 ng/l. The rest of the hormonal workup was not performed due to a lack of financial means. An Adrenal CT scan showed a 4 cm right adrenal adenoma. The patient underwent a right adrenalectomy with an adrenal adenoma on pathological examination. The contralateral side was normal. The patient was treated with hydrocortisone 30 mg/d for 6 weeks then 15 mg/d, during the monitoring we noted a persistence of the adrenal insufficiency for now 4 years. Basal cortisol levels during follow-up were very low (<3 μg/dl) ruling out the need for synacthen stimulation tests. Conclusion: Adrenal cortisol tumors are recognized by suppression, the duration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression is variable from 11 to 60 months depending on the series, which depends on the duration, severity of hypercortisolism, tumor size and other unknown factors. A longer follow-up of these patients is necessary to look for recovery of the contralateral adrenal gland.

关键词： Hypercorticism Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Adrenal Insufficiency

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