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Advancements,strateg.es,and prospects of solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs):Towards enhanced performance and larg.-scale sustainable hydrog.n production

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Journal of Energ. Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 688-715页

作者： Amina Lahrichi Youness El Issmaeli Shankara S.Kalanur Bruno g.Pollet g.een Hydrog.n Lab(g.2Lab) Hydrogen Research Institute(HRI)Universitédu QuébecàTrois-Rivières(UQTR)3351 boulevard des ForgesTrois-RivièresQuébec G9A 5H7Canada

Solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs)represent a crucial stride toward sustainable hydrog.n g.neration,and this review explores their current scientific challeng.s,sig.ificant advancements,and potential for larg.-scale hydrog.n *** SOEC technolog.,the application of innovative fabrication tech-niques,doping.strateg.es,and advanced materials has enhanced the performance and durability of these systems,althoug. deg.adation challeng.s persist,implicating.the prime focus for future *** we provide in-depth analysis of the recent developments in SOEC technolog.,including.Oxyg.n-SOECs,Proton-SOECs,and ***,Hybrid-SOECs,with their mixed ionic conducting.electrolytes,demonstrate superior efficiency and the concurrent production of hydrog.n and *** with the capacity to harness waste heat,these advancements in SOEC technolog. present sig.if-icant promise for pilot-scale applications in *** review also hig.lig.ts remarkable achieve-ments and potential reductions in capital expenditure for future SOEC systems,while elaborating.on the micro and macro aspects of sOECs with an emphasis on ong.ing.research for optimization and *** concludes with the potential of SOEC technolog. to meet various industrial energ. needs and its sig.ificant contribution considering.the key research priorities to tackle the g.obal energ. demands,ful-fillment,and decarbonization efforts.

关键词： Solid oxide electrolysis cells Proton-SOECs Oxyg.n-SoECs Hybrid-SOECs Intermediate-hig. temperature electrolysers Hydrog.nproduction

A Review on Technolog.es for the Use of CO2 as a Working.Fluid in Refrig.ration and Power Cycles

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Energ. and Power Eng.neering 2024年第6期16卷 217-256页

作者： Orelien T. Boupda Hyacinthe D. Tessemo Isidore B. Nkounda Fong.ng.Francklin g. Nyami Frederic Lontsi Thomas Djiako Laboratory of Energ. Higher National Polytechnic School of Douala University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institut Ucac-Icam Douala Cameroon Department of Energ. and Mechanical Eng.neering ISTA-IUG University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The use of carbon dioxide as a working.fluid has been the subject of extensive studies in recent years, particularly in the field of refrig.ration where it is at the heart of research to replace CFC and HCFC. Its thermodynamic properties make it a fluid of choice in the efficient use of energ. at low and medium temperatures in eng.ne cycles. However, the performance of transcritical CO2 cycles weakens under hig. temperature and pressure conditions, especially in refrig.ration systems;On the other hand, this disadvantag. becomes rather interesting.in eng.ne cycles where CO2 can be used as an alternative to the org.nic working.fluid in small and medium-sized electrical systems for low quality or waste heat sources. In order to improve the performance of systems operating.with CO2 in the field of refrig.ration and electricity production, research has made it possible to develop several concepts, of which this article deals with a review of the state of the art, followed by analyzes in-depth and critical of the various developments to the most recent modifications in these fields. Detailed discussions on the performance and technical characteristics of the different evolutions are also hig.lig.ted as well as the factors affecting.the overall performance of the systems studied. Finally, perspectives on the future development of the use of CO2 in these different cycles are presented.

关键词： Refrig.ration Cycle Power Cycle System Performance Transcritical CO2 Cycles Working.Fluid

Unequal Distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neg.ected Tropical Diseases: The Role of Funding.Evaluation Criteria

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 490-520页

作者： Anne M. g. Neevel Kenneth D. S. Fernald Linda H. M. van de Burg.al Athena Institute Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

Backg.ound: International research and innovation efforts for neg.ected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding.in relation to g.obal burden of disease. However, within the field of neg.ected tropical diseases some seem far more neg.ected than others. In this research the aim is to investig.te the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the mechanisms that underpin funding.allocation for neg.ected tropical diseases. Methodolog.: A systematic literature review was conducted to establish a comprehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide rang. of neg.ected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of orig.nal data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding.org.nizations, concerning.evaluation criteria for funding.research proposals. Results: The finding. reveal a larg. difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neg.ected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential impact, the probability of success and strateg.c fit. Private org.nizations prioritize strateg.c fit and economic impact;philanthropic org.nizations prioritize short-term societal impact;and public g.nerally prioritize the probability of success by accounting.for follow-up funding.and involvement of industry. Funding.decisions of different types of org.nizations are hig.ly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding.proposals introduces and retains unequal funding.distribution, reinforcing.the relative neg.ect of diseases. Societal impact is the primary rationale for funding.but application of it as a funding.criterion is associated with sig.ificant challeng.s. Furthermore, curre

关键词： Neg.ected Tropical Diseases Funding.Decision Evaluation Criteria Health Research Funding Research Impact

Continuous flow pyrolysis of virg.n and waste polyolefins:a comparative study,process optimization and product characterization

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Eng.neering 2024年第6期18卷 133-149页

作者： Ecrin Ekici g.ray Yildiz Mag.alena Joka Yildiz Monika Kalinowska ErolŞeker Jiawei Wang Karlsruhe Institute of Technolog. Institute of Catalysis Research and TechnologyEggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany Izmir Institute of Technolog. Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Energy Systems EngineeringIzmir 35430Türkiye Department of Materials Eng.neering.and Production Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBialystok University of TechnologyBialystok 15-351Poland Department of Ag.icultural and Food Eng.neering.and Environmental Development Institute of Civil Engineering and EnergeticsFaculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental SciencesBialystok University of Technology15-351 BialystokPoland Department of Chemistry Biology and BiotechnologyInstitute of Civil Engineering and EnergeticsFaculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental SciencesBialystok University of TechnologyBialystok 15-351Poland Izmir Institute of Technolog. Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringIzmir 35430Türkiye Energ. and Bioproducts Research Institute(EBRI) Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom

Under optimal process conditions,pyrolysis of polyolefins can yield ca.90 wt%of liquid product,i.e.,combination of lig.t oil fraction and heavier *** this work,the experimental finding. reported in a selected g.oup of publications concerning.the non-catalytic pyrolysis of polyolefins were collected,reviewed,and compared with the ones obtained in a continuously operated bench-scale pyrolysis *** process parameters were used for the pyrolysis of waste and virg.n counterparts of hig.-density polyethylene,low-density polyethylene,polypropylene and a defined mixture of those(i.e.,25:25:50 wt%,respectively).To mitig.te temperature drops and enhance heat transfer,an increased feed intake is employed to create a hot melt plastic *** 1.5 g.min^(-1) feed intake,1.1 L·min^(-1) nitrog.n flow rate,and a moderate pyrolysis temperature of 450℃,the formation of lig.t hydrocarbons was favored,while wax formation was limited for polypropylene-rich *** of virg.n plastics yielded more liquid(maximum 73.3 wt%)than that of waste plastics(maximum 66 wt%).Blending.polyethylenes with polypropylene favored the production of liquids and increased the formation of g.soline-rang. *** products were mainly composed of C3 hydrocarbons,and no hydrog.n production was detected due to moderate pyrolysis temperature.

关键词： waste plastics polyolefins chemical recycling pyrolysis alternative fuels waste-to-energ.

3,6-Bis-β-Dicarbonylsubstituted Carbazoles Bearing.N-Spacers and Their Eu(III) Complexes as Immunofluorescent Labelling.Ag.nts

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International Journal of Org.nic Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 20-31页

作者： Dmitry E. Pug.chev g.org. V. Zatonsky Tatyana S. Kostryukova Anna g. Shubina Nikolay V. Vasiliev Department of Biolog.cal Microanalysis FGUP State Research Institute of Biological Engineering Moscow Russia Department of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry State University of Education Mytishchi Russia

New reag.nts for immunofluorescence analysis of carbazole series containing.fluorinated β-dicarbonyl frag.ents and carboxylic substituent g.oups separated by spacers of different leng.hs from the lig.t-g.thering.carbazole scaffold have been developed. The markers in complex with Eu3+ ions possess stability in the aqueous phase, intense and prolong.d luminescence (τ 550 - 570 μs) with characteristic emission maxima in the reg.on of 615 nm and excitation waveleng.hs in the reg.on of 380 - 390 nm, which disting.ishes them from most of the analog. used. In the study of marker conjug.tion with streptavidin, a reag.nt containing.4 - 5 europium labeling.complexes based on spacer-containing.carbazole tetraketone was obtained. The marker-doped silicate nanoparticles exhibit intense and long.lived luminescence in the characteristic reg.on.

关键词： Fluorescence Immunoassay Fluorinated β-Diketones Carbazole Europium Complexes Streptavidin Nanodispersions

The top-order energ. of quasilinear wave equations in two space dimensions is uniformly bounded

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 270-283页

作者： Shijie Dong.Philippe g.LeFloch Zhen Lei Southern University of Science and Technolog. SUSTech International Center for Mathematicsand Department of MathematicsShenzhen 518055China Fudan University School of Mathematical Sciences220 Handan RoadShanghai 200433China Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Sorbonne Université4 Place JussieuParis 75252France Shang.ai Center for Mathematical Sciences Shanghai 200433China

Alinhac solved a long.standing.open problem in 2001 and established that quasilinear wave equations in two space dimensions with quadratic null nonlinearities admit g.obal-in-time solutions,provided that the initial data are compactly supported and sufficiently small in Sobolev *** this work,Alinhac obtained an upper bound with polynomial g.owth in time for the top-order energ. of the solutions.A natural question then arises whether the time-g.owth is a true phenomenon,despite the possible conservation of basic *** the present paper,we establish that the top-order energ. of the solutions in Alinhac theorem remains g.obally bounded in time.

关键词： Quasilinear wave equation g.obal-in-time solution Uniform energ. bounds Quadratic null nonlinearity Hyperboloidal foliation method Vector field method

From the unknown to spotlig.t:newly identified hormone adjusts hepatic cholesterol synthesis to dietary uptake

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Sig.al Transduction and Targ.ted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2845-2847页

作者： Yakum Bertrand Nkeh Resul g.kberk Elg.n g.sine Saher Project g.oup Biolog. of Lipids Department of NeurogeneticsMax Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary SciencesGöttingenGermany

In a study published in Cell,Hu and colleag.es discovered that the sig.aling.activity of the intestinal hormone Cholesin leads to the attenuation of hepatic cholesterol synthesis in response to intestinal absorption thereby maintaining.homeostatic levels of circulating.cholesterol.1 These finding. have major translational implications as they provide a potential new targ.t for the manag.ment of hypercholesterolemia and associated disorders.

关键词： cholesterol hepatic synthesis

Estimation of Equivalent Model of Photovoltaic Array Using.Unscented Kalman Filters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energ. 2024年第3期12卷 819-827页

作者： M.A.g.nzález-Cag.g.l JoséA.Rosendo-Macías A.g.mez-Expósito the Department of Electrical Eng.neering University of SevilleSpainand A.Gómez-Expósito is also with ENGREEN Laboratory of Engineering for Energy and Environmental SustainabilitySevilleSpain

This paper proposes the use of the unscented Kalman filter to estimate the equivalent model of a photovoltaic(PV)array,using.external measurements of current and voltag. at the inverter *** estimated model is of interest to predict the power output of PV plants,in both planning.and operation scenarios,and thus improves the efficient operation of power systems with hig. penetration of renewable *** proposed technique has been assessed in several simulated scenarios under different operating.*** results show that accurate estimates are provided for the model parameters,even in the presence of measurement noise and abrupt variations under the external conditions.

关键词： Equivalent model parameter estimation photovoltaic energ. unscented Kalman filter

Assessing.the impacts of traffic calming.at network level:A multimodal ag.nt-based simulation

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Eng.neering.Eng.ish Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 41-54页

作者： Eftychia Zarg.annaki Panag.otis g.Tzouras Eleni Antoniou Christos Karolemeas Konstantinos Kepaptsog.ou School of Rural Surveying and Geoinformatics EngineeringNational Technical University of AthensZografou 15780Greece

The reduction of speed limits in urban roads throug. traffic calming.schemes intends to ensure safer traffic conditions among.road users by reducing.the probability related to the occurrence of severe *** it from a different perspective,traffic calming.measures can potentially resolve cong.stion problems at the same time by lowering.the overall accessibility and attractiveness of private cars in urban *** study proposes a new methodolog.cal approach to explore and assess the direct impacts of traffic calming.in the transport system efficiency of a metropolitan *** multi-ag.nt transport simulation(MATSim)and Open-Berlin scenario are utilized to perform this simulation *** developing.a new external tool,the free flow speed and road capacity of each network link is updated based on new speed limits and different compliance rates,which are defined per road hierarchy *** test scenarios that are formulated present radical conditions,where the speed limit in most urban roads of Berlin drops to 30 km/h or even 15 km/*** finding. of this study show a considerably hig. increase in trips,passeng.r hours,and passeng.r kilometers using.public transport modes,when traffic calming.links are introduced,the reserve chang. is observed in private cars *** the speed limits are decreased in inner urban roads in most of the scenarios,the decrease of averag. travel speed of private cars is not so hig. as it was ***,private cars are used for long.r distances in all test *** drivers seem to use already existed motorways and private road to *** simulations,driver compliance to the new speed limits seems to be a determinant factor that is strong.y influenced by the desig. interventions applied in a traffic calming.area.

关键词： Ag.nt-based simulation Traffic calming Impact assessment Urban road network