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Alternaria TeA toxin activates a chloroplast retrograde signaling pathway to facilitate JAdependent pathogenicity

Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 123-140页

作者： Jiale Shi he Wang Mengping Li Liru Mi Yazhi Gao Sheng Qiang Yu Zhang Dan Chen Xinbin Dai Hongyu Ma Huan Lu Chanhong Kim Shiguo Chen Weed Research Laboratory Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory Noble Research Institute2510 Sam Noble ParkwayArdmoreOK 73401USA College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Botany and Plant Biology University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

The chloroplast is a critical battleground in the arms race between plants and *** microbe-secreted mycotoxins,tenuazonic acid(TeA),produced by the genus Alternaria and other phytopathogenic fungi,inhibits photosynthesis,leading to a burst of photosynthetic singlet oxygen(1O2)that is implicated in damage and chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde *** the signicant crop damage caused by Alternaria pathogens,our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which TeA promotes pathoge-nicity and cognate plant defense responses remains *** now reveal that *** induces necrotrophic foliar lesions by harnessing EXECUTER1(EX1)/EX2-mediated chloroplast-to-nucleus retro-grade signaling activated by TeA toxin–derived photosynthetic 1O2 in Arabidopsis *** of the 1O2-sensitive EX1-W643 residue or complete deletion of the EX1 singlet oxygen sensor domain compro-mises expression of 1O2-responsive nuclear genes and foliar *** also found that TeA toxin rapidly induces nuclear genes implicated in jasmonic acid(JA)synthesis and signaling,and EX1-mediated retro-grade signaling appears to be critical for establishing a signaling cascade from 1O2 to *** present study sheds new light on the foliar pathogenicity of ***,during which EX1-dependent 1O2 signaling in-duces JA-dependent foliar cell death.

关键词： TeA mycotoxin Alternaria pathogen chloroplast singlet oxygen retrograde signaling jasmonic acid

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城市中压配电网雪花格式网架结构初探

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电力系统及其自动化学报 2024年第9期36卷 51-60页

作者：王哲段佳莉何平王伟臣徐晶张章国网天津市电力公司天津300010 国网天津市电力公司城南供电分公司天津300201 国网天津市电力公司经济技术研究院天津300171

为适应新型电力系统建设需求,提出一种适合国情的雪花格式网架结构。首先,总结国内外典型城市中压配电网结构的特征与优缺点;然后,结合天津已有网架结构,提出雪花格式网架结构及其构建方法;其次,分析测算雪花网结构的负荷转移能力、可... 详细信息

为适应新型电力系统建设需求,提出一种适合国情的雪花格式网架结构。首先,总结国内外典型城市中压配电网结构的特征与优缺点;然后,结合天津已有网架结构,提出雪花格式网架结构及其构建方法;其次,分析测算雪花网结构的负荷转移能力、可靠性与效率效益水平;最后,从结构形式、适合场景等方面给出雪花网结构与花瓣结构等的综合对比情况。结果表明,雪花格式网架结构具有一定综合比较优势,可为中压配电网远景目标网架规划提供指导。

关键词：城市电网中压配电网雪花格式网架结构负荷转移能力

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3D printing for ultra-precision machining:current status,opportunities,and future perspectives

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期19卷 1-28页

作者： Tao he Wai Sze YIP Edward hengzhou YAN Jiuxing TANG Muhammad REHAN Long TENG Chi Ho WONG Linhe SUN Baolong ZHANG Feng GUO Shaohe ZHANG Suet TO State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Additive manufacturing,particularly 3D printing,has revolutionized the manufacturing industry by allowing the production of complex and intricate parts at a lower cost and with greater ***,3D-printed parts frequently require post-processing or integration with other machining technologies to achieve the desired surface finish,accuracy,and mechanical ***-precision machining(UPM)is a potential machining technology that addresses these challenges by enabling high surface quality,accuracy,and repeatability in 3D-printed *** study provides an overview of the current state of UPM for 3D printing,including the current UPM and 3D printing stages,and the application of UPM to 3D *** the presentation of current stage perspectives,this study presents a detailed discussion of the benefits of combining UPM with 3D printing and the opportunities for leveraging UPM on 3D printing or supporting each *** particular,future opportunities focus on cutting tools manufactured via 3D printing for UPM,UPM of 3D-printed components for real-world applications,and post-machining of 3D-printed ***,future prospects for integrating the two advanced manufacturing technologies into potential industries are *** study concludes that UPM is a promising technology for 3D-printed components,exhibiting the potential to improve the functionality and performance of 3D-printed products in various *** also discusses how UPM and 3D printing can complement each other.

关键词： ultra-precision machining 3D printing additive manufacturing future perspectives start-of-the-art-review

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Research on the Upper Limit of Accuracy for Predicting Theoretical Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第3期12卷 184-195页

作者： Changjiu he Xiaoyu Wang Mingming Lyu Xinye Bian School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University of Technology Zibo China

In recent years, numerous theoretical tandem mass spectrometry prediction methods have been proposed, yet a systematic study and evaluation of their theoretical accuracy limits have not been conducted. If the accuracy of current methods approaches this limit, further exploration of new prediction techniques may become redundant. Conversely, a need for more precise prediction methods or models may be indicated. In this study, we have experimentally analyzed the limits of accuracy at different numbers of ions and parameters using repeated spectral pairs and integrating various similarity metrics. Results show significant achievements in accuracy for backbone ion methods with room for improvement. In contrast, full-spectrum prediction methods exhibit greater potential relative to the theoretical accuracy limit. Additionally, findings highlight the significant impact of normalized collision energy and instrument type on prediction accuracy, underscoring the importance of considering these factors in future theoretical tandem mass spectrometry predictions.

关键词： Tandem Mass Spectrometry Spectral Prediction Theoretical Limit

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Functional characterization,structural basis,and protein engineering of a rare flavonoid 2′-O-glycosyltransferase from Scutellaria baicalensis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3746-3759页

作者： Zilong Wang Xueqing Du Guo Ye Haotian Wang Yizhan Liu Chenrui Liu Fudong Li HansÅgren Yang Zhou Junhao Li Chao he De-An Guo Min Ye State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing and School of Life Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China National Science Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale Division of Molecular&Cell Biophysics and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75120Sweden School of Pharmacy Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China

Glycosylation is an important post-modification reaction in plant secondary metabolism,and contributes to structural diversity of bioactive natural *** plants,glycosylation is usually catalyzed by *** 2′-O-glycosides are rare ***,no UGTs have been reported,thus far,to specifically catalyze 2′-O-glycosylation of *** this work,UGT71AP2 was identified from the medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis as the first flavonoid 2′-*** could preferentially transfer a glycosyl moiety to 2′-hydroxy of at least nine flavonoids to yield six new *** of the 2′-O-glycosides showed noticeable inhibitory activities against cyclooxygenase *** crystal structure of UGT71AP2(2.15Å)was solved,and mechanisms of its regio-selectivity was interpreted by pKa calculations,molecular docking,MD simulation,MM/GBSA binding free energy,QM/MM,and hydrogen‒deuterium exchange mass spectrometry *** structure-guided rational design,we obtained the L138T/V179D/M180T mutant with remarkably enhanced regio-selectivity(the ratio of 7-O-glycosylation byproducts decreased from 48%to 4%)and catalytic efficiency of 2′-O-glycosylation(kcat/Km,0.23 L/(s·μmol),12-fold higher than the native).Moreover,UGT71AP2 also possesses moderate UDP-dependent de-glycosylation activity,and is a dual function *** work provides an efficient biocatalyst and sets a good example for protein engineering to optimize enzyme catalytic features through rational design.

关键词： Glycosyltransferase Regio-selectivity Crystal structure De-glycosylation Catalytic mechanisms

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Mechanism studyof Conggan Zhixin decoction for ischemia/reperfusion injury of myocardial cells based on ferritinophagy

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2024年第2期41卷 76-77页

作者：何飘 Dept Geriatr 1st Affil HospHunan CM UnivChangsha 410007

Objective To investigate the mechanism of improving myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury using Conggan Zhixin Decoction(CGZXD).Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham-operated group,model group,CGZXD group,Shexiang Baoxin Pill(SBP)group,Diltiazem group,with 10 rats in each group.A rat model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury was *** intervention group was given CCZXD[5.32 g/(kg·d)],SBP[10.27 mg/(kg:d)],and diltiazem[6.86 mg/(kg·d)]by gavage *** sham-operated group and model group were given equal amounts of physiological saline by *** 14 days of intervention,samples were taken,and the morphology of myocardial tissuewas observed using he staining.

关键词： myocardial decoction injury

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有限理性条件下多层次轨道交通客流拥堵传播机理研究

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铁道科学与工程学报 2024年第6期21卷 2206-2216页

作者：贾锦秀朱昌锋方劲皓王傑成琳娜何润田章超兰州交通大学交通运输学院甘肃兰州730070

多层次轨道交通系统通过融合不同制式轨道交通,实现了运输能力的灵活配置和互补,但也增加了客流拥堵传播的不确定性,极易出现客流拥堵的跨层级传播。在分析乘客出行有限理性选择行为的基础上,通过引入心理账户理论,建立了广义出行时间... 详细信息

多层次轨道交通系统通过融合不同制式轨道交通,实现了运输能力的灵活配置和互补,但也增加了客流拥堵传播的不确定性,极易出现客流拥堵的跨层级传播。在分析乘客出行有限理性选择行为的基础上,通过引入心理账户理论,建立了广义出行时间账户和拥堵程度账户,并利用改进的价值函数与决策权重函数,刻画了乘客出行路径的综合交易效用。通过考虑出行方式与出行路径双因素,建立了基于巢式Logit-心理账户-累积前景理论(Nested Logit-mental Accountingcumulative Prospect Theory, NL-MA-CPT)的乘客出行方式选择预测模型。在此基础上,通过引入改进的易感-感染-恢复(Upgraded Susceptible-infected-recovered, USIR)模型,提出了考虑乘客选择行为的多层次轨道交通客流拥堵传播模型,并刻画了有限理性条件下的传播速率和恢复速率。最后,以北京市多层次轨道交通为例,验证模型的有效性,并通过灵敏度分析,揭示相关关键因素对拥堵传播的影响机理。研究结果表明:多层次轨道交通网络客流拥堵传播具有显著的波动性和收敛性特征,而传播速率和恢复速率直接影响拥堵传播的强度及影响范围,且随着网络层数的增加,乘客出行选择决策的有限理性特征对拥堵传播的影响更加显著。本研究可为运营企业制定客流拥堵控制策略提供一定的理论参考依据。

关键词：多层次轨道交通客流拥堵传播有限理性累积前景理论心理账户理论 USIR模型

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Microvascular structural changes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma pathology according to intrapapillary capillary loop types under magnifying endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3471-3480页

作者： Wei-Yang Shu Yan-Yan Shi Jiu-Tian Huang Ling-Mei Meng he-Jun Zhang Rong-Li Cui Yuan Li Shi-Gang Ding Department of Gastroenterology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 10019China Department of Gastroenterology Pathology Laboratory Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Gastroenterology Peking University International HospitalBeijing 102206China

BACKGROUND The intrapapillary capillary loop(IPCL)characteristics,visualized using magnifying endoscopy,are commonly assessed for preoperative evaluation of the infiltration depth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Japan Esophageal Society(JES)classification is the most widely used *** structural changes are evaluated by magnifying endoscopy for the presence or absence of each morphological factor:tortuosity,dilatation,irregular caliber,and different ***,the pathological characteristics of IPCLs have not been thoroughly investigated,especially the microvascular structures corresponding to the deepest parts of the lesions'*** To investigate differences in pathological microvascular structures of ESCC,which correspond to the deepest parts of the lesions'*** Patients with ESCC and precancerous lesions diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital were enrolled between January 2019 and April *** first underwent magnified endoscopic examination,followed by endoscopic submucosal dissection or surgical *** images were scanned using a threedimensional slice scanner,and the pathological structural differences in different types,according to the JES classification,were analyzed using nonparametric tests and *** The 35 lesions were divided into four groups according to the JES classification:A,B1,B2,and *** analyses revealed significant differences(aPhe short and long calibers,area,location,and density between types A and ***,there were no significant differences in these parameters between types B1 and B2 and between types B2 and B3(P>0.05).However,significant differences in the short calibers,long calibers,and area of IPCL were observed between types B1 and B3(aPhe density or location(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Pathological structures of IPCLs in the deepest infiltrating regions differ among va

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Intrapapillary capillary loop The Japan Esophageal Society classification Magnifying endoscopy Pathological characteristics

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生态文明视角下的新时代高校文化发展缩影——以广西生态工程职业技术学院为例谈文化育人实践

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文化创新比较研究 2024年第13期8卷 130-134页

作者：唐洪何振革安平广西生态工程职业技术学院广西柳州545004

党的十八大以来,生态文明建设成为统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局重要内容。广西生态工程职业技术学院作为全国第一个以“生态”命名的高职院校,也是广西区域内唯一一所林业类职业技术院校,它始终以培养生态人才为己任,坚持以文化人、以... 详细信息

党的十八大以来,生态文明建设成为统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局重要内容。广西生态工程职业技术学院作为全国第一个以“生态”命名的高职院校,也是广西区域内唯一一所林业类职业技术院校,它始终以培养生态人才为己任,坚持以文化人、以文育人,形成“生态、人文、科普”的生态文化特色和“和谐共生、绿色发展”生态文明价值追求的育人格局,全面培养生态文明思想的坚定信仰者、积极传播者、模范践行者。学校以生态文化育人价值体系,提升了人才培养质量、锻造了优秀教师团队、建设了优质教学资源平台,其育人理念及育人模式具有较大影响力,生态文化品牌推广成效显著。

关键词：高校生态文化实践成效经验

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注意力机制下的多尺度图像超分辨率重建

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合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第9期47卷 1255-1261页

作者：何启琛何蕾合肥工业大学数学学院安徽合肥230601

文章结合目前较流行的多尺度卷积和通道注意力机制,提出一种新颖的卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)结构,即注意力机制下的多尺度卷积神经网络。该网络结构中加入大量的残差结构,加深了网络的深度;多尺度卷积的使用使该... 详细信息

文章结合目前较流行的多尺度卷积和通道注意力机制,提出一种新颖的卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)结构,即注意力机制下的多尺度卷积神经网络。该网络结构中加入大量的残差结构,加深了网络的深度;多尺度卷积的使用使该网络能从图片中提取更加丰富的信息;注意力机制的引入使网络处理高频信息时有更大的权重。实验结果表明,多尺度注意力机制卷积神经网络在图像超分辨率(super-resolution,SR)重建上取得了良好的表现,图像细节恢复效果令人满意。

关键词：超分辨率(SR) 深度学习卷积神经网络(CNN) 注意力机制多尺度

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