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Influence of Tempering Process on Mechanical Properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第8期17卷 50-54页

作者： ZOU De-ning HAN Ying ZHANG Wei fang xu-dong School of Metallurgy and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Stainless Steel Materials Taiyuan 030003ShanxiChina

To investigate the influence of tempering process on microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo supermartensitic stainless steel（SMSS）,specimens were tempered in the temperature range of 520-720 ℃ for 3 h followed by air cooling and an optimized tempering temperature was chosen to prolong holding time from 3 to 12 *** heat treatments,microstructure examination was conducted by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction examinations,hardness measurements and tensile *** results revealed that the superior mechanical properties were achieved by quenching at 1040 ℃ for 1 h＋water cooling and tempering at 600 ℃ for 3 h＋air *** isothermal tempering time could improve the toughness *** was believed that the property was correlated with the microstructure of tempered lath martensite and retained *** retained austenite content is beneficial to the higher toughness of the SMSS.

关键词： supermartensitic stainless steel tempering mechanical property retained austenite

Synthesis of 2,5-disubstitued benzimidazole using SnCl_2-catalyzed reduction system at room temperature

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第1期25卷 155-158页

作者： Li-Ping Duan Qiang Li Ning-Bo Wu dong-fang xu Hao-Bing Zhang National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionWHO Collaborating Centre for MalariaSchistosomiasisand FilariasisKey laboratory of Parasitology and Vector Biology at National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Shanghai Normal University

Stannous chloride dihydrate is used as an efficient catalyst in reductive cyclization of 2-nitro-5- substituted aniline Schiff base leading to stable 2,5-disubstitued benzimidazole derivatives in excellent yields with good purity. It provides a novel method of synthesis of 2,5-disubstitued benzimidazole under reductive system at room temperature.

关键词： Stannous chloride dihydrate Reductive cyclization Benzimidazole derivatives

Electrochemical Activation of CO_2 for the Synthesis of Ethyl Carbanilate under Mild Conditions

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第6期23卷 708-711页

作者： NIU dong-fang xu Cheng-tian LUO Yi-wen ZHANG Li LU Jia-xing Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China

A novel electrochemical procedure for the synthesis of ethyl carbanilate from aniline and carbon dioxide was developed via the selective cathodic reduction of carbon dioxide in CO2-saturated DMF solution containing 0. 1 mol/L TEABr at room temperature, followed by the addition of Eft as an alkylating agent. The synthesis was carried outun der mild[p（CO2） = 1.0×10^5 Pa, t =20 ℃ ] and safe conditions. Influences of the nature of the electrodes, the current densities, the passed charges during electrolysis, temperatures, and supporting electrolytes on the yield of ethyl carbanilate were studied to optimize the electrolytic conditions. The selectivity of ethyl carbanilate is 100%.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Electrochemistry Aniline Synthesis Ethyl carbanilate Mild condition

Parameter optimization for improved aerodynamic performance of louver-type wind barrier for train-bridge system

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第1期26卷 229-240页

作者： HE xu-hui fang dong-xu LI Huan SHI Kang School of Civil Engineering Central South University National Engineering Laboratory for High Speed Railway Construction Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety China State Construction International Investments (China) Limited

To improve the safety of trains running in an undesirable wind environment,a novel louver-type wind barrier is proposed and further studied in this research using a scaled wind tunnel simulation with 1:40 scale *** on the aerodynamic performance of the train-bridge system,the parameters of the louver-type wind barrier are *** to the case without a wind barrier,it is apparent that the wind barrier improves the running safety of trains,since the maximum reduction of the moment coefficient of the train reaches 58%using the louver-type wind barrier,larger than that achieved with conventional wind barriers(fence-type and grid-type).A louver-type wind barrier has more blade layers,and the rotation angle of the adjustable blade of the louver-type wind barrier is 90–180°(which induces the flow towards the deck surface),which is more favorable for the aerodynamic performance of the *** the 60°,90°and 120°wind fairings of the louver-type wind barrier blade,the blunt fairing is disadvantageous to the operational safety of the train.

关键词： wind barrier aerodynamic force train-bridge system scaled wind tunnel simulation parameter optimization

Characterization of multidrug-resistant and metallo-beta- lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from a paediatric clinic in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第17期121卷 1611-1616页

作者： dong fang xu Xi-wei SONG Wen-qi LU Ping YU Sang-jie YANG Yong-hong SHEN xu-zhuang Microbiology Laboratory Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100045 China

Background In the present study, we characterized multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa （MDRP） clinical isolates from a paediatric facility and investigated the types and features of the metallo-β-lactamases （MBLs） produced by carbapenem-resistant strains. Methods Four hundred and ninety-eight strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from patients at Beijing Children＇s Hospital between January 2005 and December 2006. The minimal inhibition concentrations （MICs） of the strains for 13 antibiotics were measured. A combination of the E test and PCR amplification/DNA sequencing was used to define the carbapenem-resistant strains. Results We found that 24.1% （120/498） of the isolates were MDRP. The frequencies of resistance to imipenem and meropenem were 34.2% and 35.8%, respectively, and the MIC50 and MIC90values for the two antibiotics were identical at 4 pg/ml and 32 pg/ml, respectively. The detection rate for carbapenem resistance was 49.2% （59/120）. Among the 59 carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 39 （66.1%） were positive for the MBL genotype; 35 （89.7%） strains carried the blaiMp gene and 4 （10.3%） strains carried the blavm gene. Neither blasPM nor blaGiM was amplified from any of the 59 isolates. DNA sequencing revealed that IMP-1 was present in 35 IMP-producing isolates and VIM-2 was detected in four VIM-producing isolates. Conclusions These MDRP isolates exhibited high frequencies of resistance to carbapenems among clinical isolates from a paediatric facility in Beijing, China. The production of MBL appears to be an important mechanism for carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

关键词： paediatrics Pseudomonas aeruginosa carbapenem, metallo-β-lactamases

越来越多的机器,越来越少的人--NBIC时代儒家伦理面临的变局与机遇

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周易研究 2023年第3期 72-81页

作者：方旭东华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所上海200241 华东师范大学哲学系上海200241

“换心”“换头”曾是古代志怪故事的奇思妙想,当代科技让它们都一一变成了现实。NBIC时代,科技的作用日益凸显,它的一个发展趋向是用机器增强人体。从“脑机接口”到“人造子宫”,再到“护理机器人”,机器(人工智能)似乎一步步接管了... 详细信息

“换心”“换头”曾是古代志怪故事的奇思妙想,当代科技让它们都一一变成了现实。NBIC时代,科技的作用日益凸显,它的一个发展趋向是用机器增强人体。从“脑机接口”到“人造子宫”,再到“护理机器人”,机器(人工智能)似乎一步步接管了人类地盘。未来人间,越来越多的机器,越来越少的人,人类将学会与机器共存。儒家对美好人生的规划不会因此失效,相反,这样的时代给儒家一个机会去除近代以来加在它头上的污名。

关键词：人机共存儒家伦理人工智能

“以君臣互为兄弟”的“大父母说”之伦序问题

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伦理学研究 2022年第5期 45-52页

作者：方旭东华东师范大学哲学系

明清天主教学者利用中土固有的“天地为大父母”思想而提出“天主为大父母”一说,这是中西文明交涉互动的一个显例。关于中西“大父母”说的异同的研究,已有很多成果,但还有进一步研究的空间。曾有论者提出,清人江永《西铭论》有关君臣... 详细信息

明清天主教学者利用中土固有的“天地为大父母”思想而提出“天主为大父母”一说,这是中西文明交涉互动的一个显例。关于中西“大父母”说的异同的研究,已有很多成果,但还有进一步研究的空间。曾有论者提出,清人江永《西铭论》有关君臣互为兄弟的思想非儒家的伦序观念所能容,当源出西学。此非小节,事关中西“大父母”说异同,在深层更牵涉中西伦理差异,不可不辨。将《西铭论》与《西铭解》《朱子语类》等书加以比对可知,江永的说法直接脱胎于朱熹对《西铭》的解释。儒家固然也有以君臣互为兄弟之意,但朱熹通过区分自家兄弟与比附意义上的兄弟,规避了“以君臣互为兄弟”一说可能带来的伦常失序风险。

关键词：天主教大父母西铭君臣兄弟

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反原与轮回——张载对“游魂为变”的诠释及其争议

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周易研究 2021年第3期 45-54页

作者：方旭东华东师范大学哲学系暨中国现代思想文化研究所上海200241

张载对"游魂为变"的理解秉承了韩康伯、孔颖达等人的气之聚散说。出于对抗佛教"轮回"说的目的,他用"反原"解释"游魂为变"的"变",以与不无"轮回"意味的"前后身"说划清界限。由于张载没有清楚地交代"反原"之后旧的气是否直接参与新一轮气... 详细信息

张载对"游魂为变"的理解秉承了韩康伯、孔颖达等人的气之聚散说。出于对抗佛教"轮回"说的目的,他用"反原"解释"游魂为变"的"变",以与不无"轮回"意味的"前后身"说划清界限。由于张载没有清楚地交代"反原"之后旧的气是否直接参与新一轮气的产生,再加上他屡有"死之不亡""死而不散""常在不死"等表述,导致程颐、朱熹等人认为张载的相关思想是一种气的"循环再生论",批评他陷入"轮回说"而不自知。张载当然无意为佛教的"轮回"说张目,但他的很多说法在客观上起到了与"轮回"说异曲同工的效果。王夫之试图通过指出张载的批评者接近于佛教的寂灭论来为张载辩护,然而并不成功,因为讲"生生不已"的程、朱与佛教的灭尽无余之说有天壤之别。王夫之为"死而不亡"说提供的伦理证明也通不过朱熹的批评,后者雄辩地指出,没有理由将人的道德奖惩延期到死后执行而不在今世通过王法加以整治。

关键词：张载游魂为变反原轮回

递相祖述复先谁——李退溪所捍卫的朱子义利说

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湖南大学学报（社会科学版） 2017年第4期31卷 29-38页

作者：方旭东华东师范大学哲学系上海200241

作为坚定的朱子学者,朝鲜大儒李退溪平生对朱子学说的疏通与卫护不遗余力,义利说就是其中一例。退溪对朱子义利说的疏通与卫护,缘于他与门人黄仲举就前代学者朴英《白鹿洞规解》所做的讨论。向来论者都没有发现,退溪所捍卫的朱子义利说... 详细信息

作为坚定的朱子学者,朝鲜大儒李退溪平生对朱子学说的疏通与卫护不遗余力,义利说就是其中一例。退溪对朱子义利说的疏通与卫护,缘于他与门人黄仲举就前代学者朴英《白鹿洞规解》所做的讨论。向来论者都没有发现,退溪所捍卫的朱子义利说,其文本实际上是朴英从叶采《近思录集解》当中抄录的一段话。这段被韩国学者视为"朱子曰"的文字系叶采综合朱子本人相关叙述以及陈淳《北溪字义》"义利"条等材料而成。从陈淳到李滉,从中国到韩国,朱子学经历了一个递相祖述的过程,朱子思想因而得以发扬光大,同时,其隐含的多种可能性也得以释放,最终超越了个人知识、地方性知识,而成为东亚近世的一种普遍价值。

关键词：李退溪朱子义利说