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Biomolecular condensates and disease pathogenesis

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Science China(life sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1792-1832页

作者： Ke Ruan Ge Bai Yanshan fang Dan Li Tingting Li Xingguo Liu Boxun Lu Qing Lu Zhou Songyang Shuguo Sun Zheng Wang Xin zhang Wen Zhou Hong zhang The First Affiliated Hospital&School of life sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles&Cellular DynamicsHefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the MicroscaleCenter for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHMDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Hangzhou 311100China Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Bio-X Institutes Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders(Ministry of Education)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Department of Biomedical Informatics School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Joint School of life sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceInstitutes of Brain ScienceSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433 China Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of EducationBio-X InstitutesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging ResearchSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Human Anatomy Hist

Biomolecular condensates or membraneless organelles(MLOs)formed by liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)divide intracellular spaces into discrete compartments for specific *** of LLPS or aberrant phase transition that disturbs the formation or material states of MLOs is closely correlated with neurodegeneration,tumorigenesis,and many other pathological ***,we summarize the recent progress in development of methods to monitor phase separation and we discuss the biogenesis and function of MLOs formed through phase *** then present emerging proof-of-concept examples regarding the disruption of phase separation homeostasis in a diverse array of clinical conditions including neurodegenerative disorders,hearing loss,cancers,and immunological ***,we describe the emerging discovery of chemical modulators of phase separation.

关键词： liquid-liquid phase separation biomolecular condensate membraneless organelle

Enhanced energy storage properties and good stability of novel(1-x)Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-xCa(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics prepared by chemical modification

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 770-782页

作者： Ying zhang Meng-Han Yan Zhi-Fei zhang Hai-Rui Bai Peng Li Wei-fang Han Ji-Gong Hao Wei Li Yu-Chao Li Chun-Ming Wang Peng Fu School of Materials Science and Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng252059China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing 300 Changjiang RoadYantai264006China School of Physics Shandong UniversityJinan250100China

The increase in energy consumption and its collateral damage on the environment has encouraged the development of environment-friendly ceramic materials with good energy storage *** this work,(1-x)Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-xCa(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3) ceramics were synthesized by the solid-state reaction *** 0.88Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-0.12Ca(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3) ceramic exhibited a high recoverable energy storage density of 8.1 J/cm3 and energy storage efficiency of 82.4% at 550 kV/*** introduction of Ca(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3) reduced the grain size and increased the band gap,thereby enhancing the breakdown field strength of the ceramic *** method also resulted in good temperature stability(20–140℃),frequency stability(1–200 Hz),and fatigue stability over 106 *** addition,an ultrahigh power density of 187 MW/cm^(3) and a fast charge-discharge rate(t0.9=57.2 ns)can be obtained *** element method analysis revealed that the decrease of grain size was beneficial to the increase of breakdown field ***,the 0.88Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-0.12Ca(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3) ceramics resulted in high energy storage properties with good stability and were promising environment-friendly materials for advanced pulsed power systems applications.

关键词： (1-x)Na_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_(3)-xCa(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)ceramics Relaxor ferroelectrics Breakdown field strength Energy storage properties Stability

Direct somatic embryogenesis and related gene expression networks in leaf explants of Hippeastrum ‘Bangkok Rose’

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 556-572页

作者： Jingjue Zeng Yi Deng Shahid Iqbal Jiarui zhang Kunlin Wu Guohua Ma Lin Li Guangyi Dai Rufang Deng Lin fang Songjun Zeng Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510650China University of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China South China National Botanical Garden GuangzhouGuangdong 510650China Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology ZhaoqingGuangdong 526000China Horticultural Science Department North Florida Research and Education CenterUniversity of Florida/IFASQuincyFL 32351USA Public Laboratory of South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510650China Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510650China

Hippeastrum, a highly diverse genus in the Amaryllidaceae family, is a valuable ornamental bulbous flowering plant. Somatic embryogenesis(SE) is an efficient method for mass production of Hippeastrum plantlets. Previous studies have been devoted to the in vitro propagation of Hippeastrum, but the SE and its regulatory networks are rarely reported. In this study, we established a direct SE method of Hippeastrum Bangkok Rose' using leaf bases as explants. MS supplemented with 1.00 mg·L^(-1)NAA +1.00 mg·L^(-1)KT + 0.25 mg·L^(-1)TDZ was the optimal medium for SE. Histological observations showed that the bipolar somatic embryo originated from the epidermal cell layer and underwent initiation,globular, scutellar and coleoptile stages. During SE, endogenous hormones of IAA, CTK, ABA, and SA were highly accumulated. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the genes encoding auxin biosynthesis/metabolic enzymes and efflux carriers were induced, while the auxin receptor of TIR1 and ARF transcriptional repressor of Aux/IAA were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, leading to suppression of auxin signaling. In contrast, cytokine signaling was promoted at the early stage of SE, as biosynthesis, transport, and signaling components were *** stress-related genes were up-regulated at the early or late stages of SE. Chromatin remodeling could also be dynamically regulated via distinct expression enzymes that control histone methylation and acetylation during SE. Moreover, key SE regulators, including WOXs and SERKs were highly expressed along with SE. Overall, the present study provides insights into the SE regulatory mechanisms of the Hippeastrum.

关键词： Hippeastrum Tissue culture Somatic embryogenesis Gene regulation

Constructing highly safe and long-life calcium ion batteries based on hydratedvanadium oxide cathodes featuring a pillar structure

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2597-2612页

作者： Chun-fang Wang Shi-Wei zhang Lan Huang Yuan-Min Zhu Feng Liu Jian-Chuan Wang Li-Ming Tan Chun-Yi Zhi Cui-Ping Han Powder Metallurgy Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Calcium-ion batteries(CIBs)have generated intense interest due to the growing demand for safer,cheaper,and large-scale energy storage ***,their development is still in its infancy,owing to the lack of suitable cathodes for sustaining reversiblc Ca^(2+)intercalation/***,layered H_(2)V_(3)O_(8)(HVO)with Zn^(2+)pre-insertion(ZHVO)is reported as a high-rate and highly durable cathode material for *** existence of Zn^(2+)and H_(2)O pillars could expand the interlayer spacing up to 1.8 nm,which is favorable for the diffusion of bulky Ca^(2+).The formation of Zn-O bonds facilitates electron transfer and enhances electrical ***,the ZHVO cathode achieves superior capacity performance(213.9 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.2 A·g^(-1))and long lifespan(78.3%for 1,000 cycles at 5 A·g^(-1))compared to pristine *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that Zn^(2+)moved during Ca^(2+)intercalation,thereby reducing the diffusion energy barrier and facilitating Ca^(2+)***,a safe aqueous calcium ion cell was successfully assembled.

关键词： Multivalent batteries Calcium-ion batteries Layered structure Vanadium oxide Cathode materials

Glycerol Electrooxidation over Precision-Synthesized Gold Nanocrystals with Different Surface Facets

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第3期2卷 103-111页

作者： Hansen Mou fang Lu Zechao Zhuang Qiaowan Chang Lihua zhang Xiaobo Chen Yugang zhang Jingguang G.Chen Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNew York 10027United States School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164United States Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNew York 11973United States Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York 13902United States Chemistry Division Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNew York 11973United States

Electrochemical glycerol oxidation(EGO)emerges as a promising route to valorize glycerol,an underutilized byproduct from biodiesel production,into value-added *** study employed three types of gold(Au)nanocrystals with controlled shapes to elucidate the facet-dependent electrocatalytic behavior in ***,rhombic dodecahedral,and cubic Au nanocrystals with{111},{110},and{100}facets,respectively,were precisely synthesized with uniform size and *** dodecahedra exhibited the lowest onset potential for EGO due to facile AuOH formation,while octahedra showed enhanced electrochemical activity for glycerol oxidation and resistance to ***-situ FTIR analysis revealed that Au{111}surfaces selectively favored C_(2) products,whereas Au{100}surfaces promoted C_(3) product formation,highlighting the significant effect of facet orientation on EGO performance and informing catalyst design.

关键词： Electrochemical glycerol oxidation Precision synthesis Shaped nanocrystals Au nanocrystals SAXS In-situ FTIR

Improved Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Tile-Nanostructure for Wireless Human Health Monitor

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 386-395页

作者： Huamin Chen Shujun Guo Shaochun zhang Yu Xiao Wei Yang Zhaoyang Sun Xu Cai Run fang Huining Wang Yun Xu Jun Wang Zhou Li Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials Minjiang University Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology Faculty of Science and Engineering The University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENCs) have emerged as promising candidates for integrating with flexible electronics as self-powered systems owing to their intrinsic flexibility,biocompatibility,and *** this study,an improved flexible TENC with a tile-nanostructured MXene/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite electrode (MP-TENC) is proposed for use in wireless human health monitor.

关键词： flexible electrode MXene tile nanostructure triboelectric nanogenerator wireless monitor

Preparation for CSST:Star-galaxy Classification using a Rotationally Invariant Supervised Machine Learning Method

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 136-146页

作者： Shiliang zhang Guanwen fang Jie Song Ran Li Yizhou Gu Zesen Lin Chichun Zhou Yao Dai Xu Kong Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Anqing Normal UniversityAnqing 246133China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and Key Laboratory for Particle Physics Astrophysics and CosmologyMinistry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong KongS.A.R.China School of Engineering Dali UniversityDali 671003China

Most existing star-galaxy classifiers depend on the reduced information from catalogs,necessitating careful data processing and feature *** this study,we employ a supervised machine learning method(GoogLeNet)to automatically classify stars and galaxies in the COSMOS *** traditional machine learning methods,we introduce several preprocessing techniques,including noise reduction and the unwrapping of denoised images in polar coordinates,applied to our carefully selected samples of stars and *** dividing the selected samples into training and validation sets in an 8:2 ratio,we evaluate the performance of the GoogLeNet model in distinguishing between stars and *** results indicate that the GoogLeNet model is highly effective,achieving accuracies of 99.6% and 99.9% for stars and galaxies,***,by comparing the results with and without preprocessing,we find that preprocessing can significantly improve classification accuracy(by approximately 2.0% to 6.0%)when the images are *** preparation for the future launch of the China Space Station Telescope(CSST),we also evaluate the performance of the GoogLeNet model on the CSST simulation *** results demonstrate a high level of accuracy(approximately 99.8%),indicating that this model can be effectively utilized for future observations with the CSST.

关键词： methods:data analysis techniques:image processing stars:imaging

Improving iconic memory through contrast detection training with HOA-corrected vision

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 95-102页

作者： Ling Gong Junlei Zhao Yun Dai Zili Wang fang Hou Yudong zhang Zhong-Lin Lu Jiawei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision ScienceEye HospitalSchool of Ophthalmology and OptometryWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China Institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China The Key Laboratory of Adaptive Optics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075China Division of Arts and sciences New York University ShanghaiShanghai 200126China Center for Neural Science Department of PsychologyNew York UniversityNew York 10003United States NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai Shanghai 200062China

Iconic memory and short-term memory are not only crucial for perception and cognition,but also of great importance to mental ***,we first showed that both types of memory could be improved by improving limiting processes in visual processing through perceptual *** adults were trained in a contrast detection task for ten days,with their higher-order aberrations(HOA)corrected in *** found that the training improved not only their contrast sensitivity function(CSF),but also their iconic memory and baseline information maintenance for short-term memory,and the relationship between memory and CSF improvements could be well-predicted by an observer *** results suggest that training the limiting component of a cognitive task with visual perceptual learning could improve visual *** may also provide an empirical foundation for new therapies to treat people with poor sensory memory.

关键词： Perceptual learning Iconic memory Higher-order aberrations Contrast sensitivity Short-term memory

Multi-spherical interactions and mechanisms of hydrocarbon enrichment in the Southeast Asian archipelagic tectonic system

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第2期67卷 566-583页

作者： Rixiang ZHU Hongjun WANG Huajian WANG Xiaomei WANG Bo WAN Wang zhang Houqin ZHU Yuke LIU Junlai LIU Qingren MENG fang HAO Zhijun JIN State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentBeijing100083China School of Earth sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China Institute of Energy Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Global cooling began since 50 Ma,but a warm climate was maintained in the archipelagic tectonic system in Southeast Asia where a wealth of Cenozoic oil and gas resources was formed and *** the perspective of Earth system,this study analyzes Cenozoic tectonic activities,climatic and environmental evolution,and petroleum enrichment in Southeast Asia,and provides the following insights:(1)Subduction of oceanic plates and the extension of overlying continental lithosphere resulted in widespread volcanic eruptions as well as the formation of rift basins and shallow marine shelves,leading to complex interactions between deep tectonic processes and Earth’s surface including mountains,basins,and seas.(2)Microcontinental accretion and prolonged stay in equatorial low-latitude regions have changed trade winds into monsoons,altered ocean current pathways and flow rates,and profoundly affected rainfall and climate.(3)The archipelagic tectonic system,coupled with a hot and rainy climate,fostered tropical rainforests,mangroves,and phytoplankton,providing abundant organic matter and promoting the development of petroleum resources.(4)Combinations of rift basin development and marine transgression and regression led to an effective superposition of source-reservoir-seal combinations from multiplepetroleum *** deep burial of organic matter and high geothermal gradients facilitated the generation and large-scale accumulation of oil and gas.(5)Multi-spherical(such as atmosphere,biosphere,hydrosphere and lithosphere)interactions on the Earth,which resulted from the convergence of multiple tectonic plates,are believed as the primary driver for exceptional enrichments of Cenozoic oil and gas resources in Southeast *** understandings are significant for developing theories of oil and gas enrichment under the guidance of Earth System *** order to continue making significant oil and gas exploration discoveries in the deep-layers,deep-waters,and unconventio

关键词： Southeast Asia Archipelagic tectonic system Interactions of Earth’s spheres Oil and gas resources Cenozoic