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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2090-2101页

作者： Dengyu Wang Linlin Liu Bing Wang Wenjian Xie Yanguo shi Na Zhang Hongchen fan Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Ordinary Higher Colleges Key Laboratory of Grain Food and Comprehensive Processing of Heilongjiang ProvinceCollege of Food EngineeringHarbin University of CommerceHarbin 150076China

The effects of 5 lactic acid bacteria(LAB)fermentation on the pasting properties of glutinous rice flour were compared,and suitable fermentation strains were selected based on the changes of viscosity,setback value,and breakdown value to prepare LAB compound starter *** results revealed that Latilactobacillus sakei HSD004 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HSD005 had apparent advantages in increasing the viscosity and reducing the setback and breakdown values of glutinous rice *** particular,the compound starter created using the two abovementioned LAB in the ratio of 3:1 had better performance than that using a single LAB in improving the pasting properties and increasing the water and oil absorption capacity of glutinous rice ***,the gelatinization enthalpy of the fermented samples increased *** frozen glutinous rice dough stored for 28 days,the viscoelasticity of frozen dough prepared by compound starter was better than that of control dough,and the freezable water content was lower than that of control *** results indicate that compound LAB fermentation is a promising technology in the glutinous rice-based food processing industry,which has significance for its application.

关键词： Glutinous rice flour Glutinous rice dough Lactic acid bacteria compound starter cultures Pasting properties Viscoelasticity

Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 34-39页

作者： Wen Ning Ri-Hua Zheng Jia-Hao Lu fan Wu Zhen-Biao Yang shi-Biao Zheng Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics College of Physics and Information EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Spontaneous symmetry breaking(SSB)plays a central role in understanding a large variety of phenomena associated with phase transitions,such as superfluid and *** far,the transition from a symmetric vacuum to a macroscopically ordered phase has been substantially *** process bridging these two distinct phases is critical to understanding how a classical world emerges from a quantum phase transition,but so far remains unexplored in *** here report an experimental demonstration of such a process with a quantum Rabi model engineered with a superconducting *** move the system from the normal phase to the superradiant phase featuring two symmetry-breaking field components,one of which is observed to emerge as the classical *** results demonstrate that the environment-induced decoherence plays a critical role in the SSB.

关键词： quantum phase transition Rabi model spontaneous symmetry breaking superconducting circuit Schrodinger cat states

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Ti_(62)Nb_(12)Mo_(12)Ta_(12)W_(2)Refractory High Entropy Alloy Prepared through Spark Plasma Sintering

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第8期37卷 1387-1398页

作者： Zirui Chen Liyuan Wang Jiayu Zhao Guanhua Cui Zhuo Gao Zhiyuan fan Xiaohui shi Junwei Qiao College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

A refractory high entropy alloy Ti_(62)Nb_(12)Mo_(12)Ta_(12)W_(2)was prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma *** microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti_(62)Nb_(12)Mo_(12)Ta_(12)W_(2)alloy were *** experimental results show that the microstructure of the alloy is composed of two BCC phases,an FCC precipitated phase,and the precipitated phase which is a mixture of TiC,TiN and *** alloy exhibits good room temperature compressive *** plasticity of the sample sintered at 1550℃can reach 10.8%,and for the sample sintered at 1600℃,the yield strength can be up to 2032 MPa,in the meantime the plasticity is 9.4%.The alloy also shows high strength at elevated *** yield strength of the alloy exceeds 420 MPa at 900℃,and value of which is still above 200 MPa when the test temperature reaches 1000℃.Finally,the compressive yield strength model at room temperature is *** prediction error of the model ranges from−7.9%to−12.4%,expressing fair performance.

关键词： Refractory high-entropy alloy(RHEA) Mechanical alloying Mechanical properties Model Spark plasma sintering

Diversity and connectedness of brine shrimp viruses in global hypersaline ecosystems

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 188-203页

作者： Xuan Dong Cixiu Li Yiting Wang Tao Hu fan Zhang fanzeng meng Meirong Gao Xuekai Han Guohao Wang Jiahao Qin Hans Nauwynck Edward CHolmes Patrick Sorgeloos Liying Sui Jie Huang Weifeng shi State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesLaboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesLaoshan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsQingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and BiosecurityQingdao 266071China Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 250021China Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000China Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023China Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Ghent University Ghent 9000Belgium Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific Bangkok 10900Thailand School of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117China

Brine shrimp(Artemia)has existed on Earth for 400 million years and has major ecological importance in hypersaline *** a crucial live food in aquaculture,brine shrimp cysts have become one of the most important aquatic products traded ***,our understanding of the biodiversity,prevalence and global connectedness of viruses in brine shrimp is still very limited.A total of 143 batches of brine shrimp(belonging to seven species)cysts were collected from six continents including 21 countries and more than 100 geographic locations worldwide during 1977–*** total,55 novel RNA viruses were identified,which could be assigned to 18 different viral families and related *** viruses were dsRNA viruses,16 were+ssRNA viruses,and 28 were−ssRNA *** analyses of the RNA-directed RNA polymerase(RdRp)showed that brine shrimp viruses were often grouped with viruses isolated from other invertebrates and ***,most brine shrimp viruses were related to those from different hosts that might feed on brine shrimp or share the same ecological niche.A notable case was the novel brine shrimp noda-like virus 3,which shared 79.25%(RdRp)and 63.88%(capsid proteins)amino acid identity with covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)that may cause losses in *** addition,both virome composition and phylogenetic analyses revealed global connectedness in certain brine shrimp viruses,particularly among Asia and Northern *** highlights the incredible species diversity of viruses in these ancient species and provides essential data for the prevalence of RNA viruses in the global aquaculture *** broadly,these findings provide novel insights into the previously unrecognized RNA virosphere in hypersaline ecosystems worldwide and demonstrate that human activity might have driven the global connectedness of brine shrimp viruses.

关键词： brine shrimp Artemia virus diversity novel virus discovery global connectedness hypersaline ecosystem

Studying large biomolecules as sedimented solutes with solid-state NMR

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第4期10卷 201-212页

作者： fan shi Tong Zhang Juan Li Chaowei shi Shengqi Xiang MOE Key Lab for Cellular Dynamics School of Life Sciences Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China

Sedimentation solid-state NMR is a novel method for sample preparation in solid-state NMR（ssNMR）studies. It involves the sedimentation of soluble macromolecules such as large protein complexes. By utilizing ultra-high centrifugal forces, the molecules in solution are driven into a high-concentrated hydrogel, resulting in a sample suitable for solid-state NMR. This technique has the advantage of avoiding the need for chemical treatment, thus minimizing the loss of sample biological activity. Sediment ssNMR has been successfully applied to a variety of non-crystalline protein solids, significantly expanding the scope of solid-state NMR research. In theory, using this method, any biological macromolecule in solution can be transferred into a sedimented solute appropriate for solid-state NMR analysis. However, specialized equipment and careful handling are essential for effectively collecting and loading the sedimented solids to solid-state NMR rotors. To improve efficiency, we have designed a series of loading tools to achieve the loading process from the solution to the rotor in one step. In this paper, we illustrate the sample preparation process of sediment NMR using the H1.4-NCP167complex, which consists of linker histone H1.4 and nucleosome core particle, as an example.

关键词： Sedimentation NMR Solid-state NMR Ultracentrifugation Magic angle spinning Nucleosome

Field experimental study on the effect of thawed depth of frozen alpine meadow soil on rill erosion by snowmelt waterflow

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 54-63页

作者： Ying Zheng Xiaonan shi fan Zhang Tingwu Lei Chen Zeng Xiong Xiao Li Wang Guanxing Wang State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China College of Geographic Science Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China

Soil erosion by snow or ice melt waterflow is an important type of soil erosion in many high-altitude and high-latitude regions and is further aggravated by climate *** snowmelt waterflow erosion process is affected by soil freeze-thaws and is highly dynamically *** this study,a methodology was developed to conduct in situ field experiments to investigate the effects of the thawed depth of the frozen soil profile on snowmelt waterflow *** method was implemented on an alpine meadow soil slope at an altitude of 3700 m on the northeastern Tibetan *** erosion experiments involved five thawed soil depths of 0,10,30(35),50,and 80(100)mm under two snowmelt waterflow rates(3 and 5 L/min).When the topsoil was fully frozen or shallow-thawed(≤10 mm),its hydrothermal and structural properties caused a significant lag in the initiation of runoff and delayed soil erosion in the initial *** runoff and sediment concentration curves for fully frozen and shallow-thawed soil showed two-stage patterns characteristic of a sediment supply limited in the early stage and subject to hydrodynamic-controlled processes in the later ***,this effect did not exist where the thawed soil depth was greater than 30 *** deep-thawed cases(≥30 mm)showed normal hydrograph and sedigraph patterns similar to those of the unfrozen *** findings of this study are important for understanding the erosion rates of partially thawed soil and for improving erosion simulations in cold regions.

关键词： Snowmelt waterflow erosion Hillslope erosion process Soil freeze and thaw Runoff generation In situ experimental method

The Probability Density Function Related to Shallow Cumulus Entrainment Rate and Its Influencing Factors in a Large-Eddy Simulation

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 173-187页

作者： Lei ZHU Chunsong LU Xiaoqi XU Xin HE Junjun LI shi LUO Yuan WANG fan WANG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)and Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing 210019China College of Aviation Meteorology Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China

The process of entrainment-mixing between cumulus clouds and the ambient air is important for the development of cumulus *** obtaining the entrainment rate(λ)is particularly important for its parameterization within the overall cumulus parameterization *** this study,an improved bulk-plume method is proposed by solving the equations of two conserved variables simultaneously to calculateλof cumulus clouds in a large-eddy *** results demonstrate that the improved bulk-plume method is more reliable than the traditional bulk-plume method,becauseλ,as calculated from the improved method,falls within the range ofλvalues obtained from the traditional method using different conserved *** probability density functions ofλfor all data,different times,and different heights can be well-fitted by a log-normal distribution,which supports the assumed stochastic entrainment process in previous *** analysis demonstrate that the relationship betweenλand the vertical velocity is better than other thermodynamic/dynamical properties;thus,the vertical velocity is recommended as the primary influencing factor for the parameterization ofλin the *** results of this study enhance the theoretical understanding ofλand its influencing factors and shed new light on the development ofλparameterization.

关键词： large-eddy simulation cumulus clouds entrainment rate probability density functions spatial and temporal distribution

LociScan,a tool for screening genetic marker combinations for plant variety discrimination

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 583-593页

作者： Yang Yang Hongli Tian Hongmei Yi Zi shi Lu Wang Yaming fan Fengge Wang Jiuran Zhao Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Maize Research InstituteBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of plant genetic marker fingerprinting for variety discrimination,it is desirable to identify the optimal marker *** describe a marker combination screening model based on the genetic algorithm(GA)and implemented in a software tool,Loci ***-based variety discrimination power provided the largest optimization space among multiple fitness *** GA parameters,an increase in population size and generation number enlarged optimization depth but also calculation *** algorithm afforded the same optimization depth as GA but vastly increased calculation *** comparison with two other software tools,Loci Scan accommodated missing data,reduced calculation time,and offered more fitness *** large datasets,the sample size of training data exerted the strongest influence on calculation time,whereas the marker size of training data showed no effect,and target marker number had limited effect on analysis speed.

关键词： Plant variety discrimination Genetic marker combination Variety discrimination power Genetic algorithm

Role of albumin-bilirubin score in non-malignant liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 999-1004页

作者： shi-Xue Xu fan Yang Nan Ge Jin-Tao Guo Si-Yu Sun Department of Gastroenterology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Minimally Invasive Gastrointestinal Endoscopic TechniquesShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina

The albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score,which was proposed to assess the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma,has gradually been extended to other liver diseases in recent years,including primary biliary cholangitis,liver cirrhosis,hepatitis,liver transplantation,and liver *** ALBI score is often compared with classical scores such as the Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores or other noninvasive prediction *** is widely employed because of its immunity to subjective evaluation indicators and ease of obtaining detection *** increasing number of studies have confirmed that it is highly accurate for assessing the prognosis of patients with chronic liver disease;additionally,it has demonstrated good predictive performance for outcomes beyond survival in patients with liver diseases,such as decompensation *** article presents a review of the application of ALBI scores in various non-malignant liver diseases.

关键词： Albumin-bilirubin score Liver cirrhosis Primary biliary cholangitis Hepatitis Liver transplantation Liver injury

Improvement in hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2) by vanadium doped with ZIF-8 derived a single-atom catalyst V-N-C

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2623-2635页

作者： Fei-fan Hong Wei-Tao shi Ruo-Lin Zhao Yi fan Zi-Qi Liu Si-Zhi Ding Hai-Zhen Liu Wen-Zheng Zhou Jin Guo Zhi-Qiang Lan Guangxi Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology and Center on Nanoenergy Research Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationCarbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development InstituteSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Nanning Engineering Technology Research Center for Power Transmission System of New Energy Vehicle Transportation CollegeNanning UniversityNanning 530200China

Herein,the successful preparation of a singleatom catalyst V-N-C using vanadium-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework(ZIF)-8 as a precursor is *** experimental results showed that the V-N-C had a good promoting effect on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2),and the optimal addition amount of V-N-C was 10wt%.The hydrogenation and dehydrogenation apparent activation energies of 10 wt%V-N-C-catalyzed MgH_(2)were reduced by 44.9 and 53.5 kJ·mol^(-1),respectively,compared to those of additive-free MgH_(2).The 10 wt%V-N-C-catalyzed MgH_(2)could reabsorb 5.92 wt%of hydrogen in 50 min at 150℃,with a capacity retention rate of 99.1%after 30 cycles of hydrogen absorption and *** analysis showed that V-N-C was partially transformed into VN and metallic V when it was milled with MgH_(2);the in-situ-formed VN and metallic V played an important role in improving the hydrogen storage performance of MgH_(2).This approach provides a potential solution for obtaining high-performance Mg-based hydrogen storage materials through synergistic interactions between V,N and C.

关键词： MgH_(2) Hydrogen storage materials Catalyst Hydrogen storage perormance