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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 483-495页

作者： Tao lu fan lü Nanlin liao Honghui Chai Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Source Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Zhejiang Qihe Ecological Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310052China

The significant increase in the demand for biomass waste treatment after garbage classification has led to housefly larvae treatment becoming an attractive treatment *** can provide a source of protein while treating biomass waste,which means that nutrients can be returned to the natural food ***,the performance of this technology in terms of its environmental impacts is still unclear,particularly with regards to global warming potential(GWP).This study used a life cycle assessment(lCA)approach to assess a housefly larvae treatment plant with a treatment capacity of 50 tons of biomass waste per *** lCA results showed that the 95% confidence intervals for the GWP in summer and winter were determined to be 24.46-32.81 kg CO_(2) equivalent(CO_(2)-eq)/ton biomass waste and5.37-10.08 kg CO_(2)-eq/ton biomass waste,*** greater GWP value in summer is due to the longer ventilation time and higher ventilation intensity in summer,which consumes more *** main GWP contributions are from(1)electricity needs(accounting for 78.6% of emissions in summer and 70.2%in winter)and(2)product substitution by mature housefly larvae and compost(both summer and winter accounting for 96.8% of carbon reduction).

关键词： Biomass waste Musca domestica Housefly larvae life cycle assessment Global warming potential

预处理技术--家庭生物废弃物处理过程中的微塑料制造者

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 116-126页

作者： Tian Hu fan lü Zhan Yang Zhenchao Shi Yicheng Yang Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute jiaxing 314000China

Mechanical pretreatment is an indispensable process in biological treatment plants that remove plastics and other impurities from household biogenic waste(HBW).However,the imperfect separation of plastics in these pretreatment methods has raised concerns that they pose a secondary formation risk for microplastics(MPs).To validate this presumption,herein,quantities and properties of plastic debris and MPs larger than 50 μm were examined in the full chain of three different pretreatment methods in six *** facilities received HBW with or without prior depackaging at the *** key points in the secondary formation of MPs were ***,flux estimates of MPs were released,and an analysis of MPs sources was provided to develop an overview of their fate in HBW *** output can contain a maximum of(1673±279) to(3198±263) MP particles per kilogram of wet weight(particles·kg^(-1)ww) for those undepackaged at source,and secondary MPs formation is primarily attributed to biomass crushers,biohydrolysis reactors,and rough ***,HBW depackaged at the source can greatly reduce MPs by 8%-72%,regardless of pretreatment *** pretreatment,4.6-205.6 million MP particles were present in 100 tonnes of *** are produced at a rate of 741.11-33124.22 billion MP particles annually in anaerobic digester feedstock(ADF).This study demonstrated that HBW pretreatment is a competitive source of MPs and emphasized the importance of implementing municipal solid waste segregation at the ***,depackaging biogenic waste at the source is recommended to substantially alleviate the negative effect of pretreatment on MPs formation.

关键词： Microplastics Plastic debris Household biogenic waste Depackage Pretreatment

FOlFOX-肝动脉灌注化疗联合程序性死亡受体-1抑制剂和靶向药物治疗中国肝癌分期Ⅲa期肝细胞癌

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中国介入影像与治疗学 2024年第7期21卷 393-397页

作者：吴迪祝子祎范龙飞谭玉林蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院介入科安徽蚌埠233000

目的观察FOlFOX-肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)联合程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)抑制剂和靶向药物治疗中国肝癌分期(CNlC)Ⅲa期肝细胞癌(HCC)的价值。方法回顾性分析61例接受PD-1抑制剂+靶向药物治疗的CNlCⅢa期HCC患者,根据是否接受联合FOlFOX-HAIC... 详细信息

目的观察FOlFOX-肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)联合程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)抑制剂和靶向药物治疗中国肝癌分期(CNlC)Ⅲa期肝细胞癌(HCC)的价值。方法回顾性分析61例接受PD-1抑制剂+靶向药物治疗的CNlCⅢa期HCC患者,根据是否接受联合FOlFOX-HAIC治疗将其归入观察组(n=30)及对照组(n=31);比较组间一般资料、治疗方案、不良反应及疗效,分析观察组方案的治疗价值。结果组间患者一般资料及PD-1抑制剂+靶向药物方案差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);1~2级不良反应中,观察组恶心、呕吐及腹痛发生率均高于对照组(P均0.05)。观察组客观缓解率(ORR)、无进展生存期(PFS)及总生存期(OS)均高于对照组(P均lFOX-HAIC联合PD-1抑制剂+靶向药物治疗CNlCⅢa期HCC疗效较佳而安全性尚可。

关键词：癌,肝细胞程序性细胞死亡受体-1 化学疗法癌症局部灌注

Effect of Pressure on the Nucleation of Diamond with Addition of Oxygen in the Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition System

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Chinese Physics letters 1996年第6期13卷 473-476页

作者： WANG Jian-jun lÜfan-xiu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083

Effect of oxygen addition on diamond film deposition at higher pressure was *** was found that addition of oxygen suppressed diamond nucleation,and the effect of suppression increased with increasing pressure,and at certain pressure level diamond deposition was completely *** effect due to oxygen addition dominated at the very early stage(nucleation stage),therefore it is still possible to take the advantage of oxygen addition on quality improvement of diamond films by introducing oxygen after the nucleation stage.

关键词： Diamond Oxygen effect

Importance of storage time in mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第7期28卷 76-83页

作者： fan lü Xian Xu liming Shao Pinjing He State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuses Tongji University Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji University Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Towns & Rural Area Ministry of Housing and Urban–Rural Development of PR China

Storage was used as a pretreatment to enhance the methanization performance of mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste. Food wastes were separately stored for 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 12 days, and then fed into a methanogenic reactor for a biochemical methane potential（BMP） test lasting up to 60 days. Relative to the methane production of food waste stored for 0–1 day（285–308 m l/g-added volatile solids（VSadded））, that after2–4 days and after 5–12 days of storage increased to 418–530 and 618–696 m l/g-VSadded,respectively. The efficiency of hydrolysis and acidification of pre-stored food waste in the methanization reactors increased with storage time. The characteristics of stored waste suggest that methane production was not correlated with the total hydrolysis efficiency of organics in pre-stored food waste but was positively correlated with the storage time and acidification level of the waste. From the results, we recommend 5–7 days of storage of food waste in anaerobic digestion treatment plants.

关键词： Food waste Bio-pretreatment Storage Fermentation Biochemical methane potential Hydrolysates

Enhancement of anaerobic biodegradability of flower stem wastes with vegetable wastes by co-hydrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第3期20卷 297-303页

作者： ZHANG Bo HE Pinjing lü fan SHAO liming State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongfi University Shanghai 200092 China

The vegetable wastes and flower stems were co-digested to evaluate the anaerobic hydrolysis performance of difficultly biodegradable organic wastes by introducing readily biodegradable organic wastes. The experiments were carried out in batches. When the vegetable wastes were mixed with the flower stems at the dry weight ratio of 1 to 13, the overall hydrolysis rate increased by 8%, 12%, and 2% according to the carbon, nitrogen, and total solid （TS） conversion rate, respectively. While the dry weight ratio was designed as 1 to 3, there was a respective rise of 5%, 15%, and 4% in the conversion rate of carbon, nitrogen, and TS. The enhancement of anaerobic hydrolysis from the mixed vegetable wastes and flower stems can be attributed to the formation of volatile fatty acids （VFA） and nutrient supplement like nitrogen content. The maximum VFA concentration can achieve 1.7 g/l owing to the rapid acidification of vegetable wastes, loosing the structure of lignocellulose materials. The statistic bivariate analysis revealed that the hydrolysis performance was significantly related to the physical and biochemical compositions of the feeding substrate. Especially, the soluble carbon concentration in the liquid was significantly positively correlated to the concentration of nitrogen and hemicellulose, and negatively correlated to the concentration of carbon and lignocellulose in the feeding substrate, suggesting that the regulation and control of feedstock can have an important influence on the anaerobic hydrolysis of organic wastes.

关键词： municipal solid wastes hydrolysis feedstock characteristics VFA bivariate analysis

Road to full bioconversion of biowaste to biochemicals centering on chain elongation: A mini review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 50-64页

作者： Wenhao Han Pinjing He liming Shao fan lü State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Centre for the Technology Research and Training on Household Waste in Small Toums&Rural Area Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China(MOHURD)China

Production of biochemicals from waste streams has been attracting increasing worldwide interest to achieve climate protection *** elongation(CE)for production of mediumchain carboxylic acids(MCCAs,especially caproate,enanthate and caprylate)from diverse biowaste has emerged as a potential economic and environmental technology for a sustainable *** present mini review summarizes the research utilizing various synthetic or real waste-derived substrates available for MCCA ***,the microbial characteristics of the CE process are surveyed and *** that a large proportion of recalcitrantly biodegradable biowaste and residues cannot be further utilized by CE systems and remain to be treated and disposed,we propose here a loop concept of bioconversion of biowaste to MCCAs making full use of the biowaste with zero *** could make possible an alternative technology for synthesis of value-added products from a wide range of biowaste,or even non-biodegradable waste(such as,plastics and rubbers).Meanwhile,the remaining scientific questions,unsolved problems,application potential and possible developments for this technology are discussed.

关键词： Organic waste Waste valorization Chain elongation Medium-chain carboxylic acids Functional microbes Electron donors

Partial least square modeling of hydrolysis: analyzing the impacts of pH and acetate

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 805-809页

作者： lü fan HE Pin-jing SHAO li-ming State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

pH and volatile fatty acids both might affect the further hydrolysis of particulate solid waste, which is the limiting-step of anaerobic digestion. To clarify the individual effects of pH and volatile fatty acids, batch experiments were conducted at fixed pH value （pH 5-9） with or without acetate （20 g/l）. The hydrolysis efficiencies of carbohydrate and protein were evaluated by carbon and nitrogen content of solids, amylase activity and proteinase activity. The trend of carbohydrate hydrolysis with pH was not affected by the addition of acetate, following the sequence ofpH 7〉pH 8〉pH 9〉pH 6〉pH 5; but the inhibition of acetate （20 g/l） was obvious by 10%-60 %. The evolution of residual nitrogen showed that the effect of pH on protein hydrolysis was minor, while the acetate was seriously inhibitory especially at alkali condition by 45%-100 %. The relationship between the factors （pH and acetate） and the response variables was evaluated by partial least square modeling （PlS）. The PlS analysis demonstrated that the hydrolysis of carbohydrate was both affected by pH and acetate, with pH the more important factor. Therefore, the inhibition by acetate on carbohydrate hydrolysis was mainly due to the corresponding decline of pH, but the presence of acetate species, while the acetate species was the absolutely important factor for the hydrolysis of protein.

关键词： inhibition hydrolysis pH volatile fattyacids partial least square

Feasibility of housefly larvae-mediated vermicomposting for recycling food waste added digestate as additive

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第6期128卷 150-160页

作者： Guangyu Cui fan lü Tao lu Hua Zhang Pinjing He Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization Shanghai 200092China

The development of methods for the efficient treatment and application of food waste digestate is an important research *** via housefly larvae is an efficient way to reduce food waste and achieve its valorization,however,studies on the application and performance of digestate in vermicomposting are *** present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the co-treatment of food waste and digestate as an additive via *** food waste(RFW)and household food waste(HFW)were selected to assess the effects of waste type on vermicomposting performance and larval *** reduction rates of 50.9%–57.8%were observed in the vermicomposting of food waste mixed with digestate at a ratio of 25%,which were slightly lower than those for treatments without the addition of digestate(62.8%–65.9%).The addition of digestate increased the germination index,with a maximum value of 82%in the RFW treatments with 25%digestate,and decreased the respiration activity,with a minimum value of 30 mg-O_(2)/*** larval productivity of 13.9%in the RFW treatment system with a digestate rate of 25%was lower that without digestate(19.5%).Materials balance shows that larval biomass and metabolic equivalent had decreasing trends as the amount of digestate increased and HFW vermicomposting exhibited lower bioconversion efficiency than that of RFW treatment system regardless of the addition of *** results suggest that mixing digestate at a low ratio(25%)during vermicomposting of foodwaste especially RFW could lead to considerable larval biomass and generate relatively stable residues.

关键词： Biogas digestate Food waste Housefly larvae larvae valorization Vermicomposting

Flow analysis of major and trace elements in residues from large-scale sewage sludge incineration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 99-109页

作者： Siyuan Yu Hua Zhang fan lü liming Shao Pinjing He State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Institute of Waste Treatment&Reclamation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Increase of sewage sludge(SS)has led to the construction of more incineration plants,exacerbating to the production of SS incineration ***,few studies have considered the mass balance of elements in large-scale SS incineration plants,affecting the residues treatment and *** this study,flow analysis was conducted for major and trace elements in the SS,the fly ash(sewage sludge ash,SSA)and bottom ash from two large-scale SS incineration *** elemental characteristics were compared with those of coal fly ash(CFA),and air pollution control residues from municipal solid waste incineration(MSWIA),as well as related *** results showed that the most abundant major element in SSA was Si,ranging from 120 to 240 g/kg,followed by Al(76–348 g/kg),Ca(26–113 g/kg),Fe(35–80 g/kg),and P(26–104 g/kg),and the trace elements were mainly Zn,Ba,Cu,and *** all the major elements were derived from *** trace elements in the SS incineration residues accounted for 82.4%–127%of those from SS,indicating that SS was the main source of trace *** partitioning of heavy metals in the SS incineration residues showed that electrostatic precipitator ash or cyclone ash with high production rates were the major pollutant *** differences in some major and trace elements could be indicators to differentiate SSA from CFA and *** with related land criteria,the pollutants in SSA should not be ignored during disposal and utilization.

关键词： Sewage sludge ash Sewage sludge incineration Electrostatic precipitator ash Cyclone ash Flow analysis Mass balance