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Paleontology Knowledge Graph for Data-Driven Discovery

Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 1024-1034页

作者： Yiying Deng Sicun Song junxuan fan Mao Luo Le Yao Shaochun Dong Yukun Shi Linna Zhang Yue Wang Haipeng Xu Huiqing Xu Yingying Zhao Zhaohui Pan Zhangshuai Hou Xiaoming Li Boheng Shen Xinran Chen Shuhan Zhang Xuejin Wu Lida Xing Qingqing Liang Enze Wang School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Centre for Research and Education on Biological Evolution and Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

A knowledge graph(KG)is a knowledge base that integrates and represents data based on a graph-structured data model or topology.Geoscientists have made efforts to construct geosciencerelated KGs to overcome semantic heterogeneity and facilitate knowledge representation,data integration,and text analysis.However,there is currently no comprehensive paleontology KG or data-driven discovery based on it.In this study,we constructed a two-layer model to represent the ordinal hierarchical structure of the paleontology KG following a top-down construction process.An ontology containing 19365 concepts has been defined up to 2023.On this basis,we derived the synonymy list based on the paleontology KG and designed corresponding online functions in the OneStratigraphy database to showcase the use of the KG in paleontological research.

关键词： paleontology knowledge graph ontology synonymy list OneStratigraphy big data ge-ology.

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Toward a stepwise Kwangsian Orogeny

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第3期57卷 379-387页

作者： CHEN Xu fan junxuan CHEN Qing TANG Lan HOU XuDong State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Metallurgy Guangxi University

The Kwangsian Orogeny originated along the southeast coast of China and stepwise developed in a northwest direction.It includes two stages,a long locally varying uplift from the Late Ordovician to the early Silurian and a finally tectonic movement near the Silurian and Devonian transition.The Kwangsian uplift event shows a stepwise delay northwestwards from the southeastern coast area in Nemagraptus gracilis Biozone(Sa1)to the south side of the Xuefeng Mountains in or later than Cystograptus vesiculosus Biozone(R3)to Coronograptus cyphus Biozone(R4).In the southern of Yangtze Platform,the Yichang Uplift was droved by the Kwangsian Orogeny forming a diachronous stratigraphical break through Rhuddanian and Aeronian.The distribution of the early Telychian lower marine red beds indicates a northwestward increase of the Cathaysian Oldland.Stratigraphical evidence may explain why the Kwangsian movement was marked by an angular disconformity during the Pridoli to earliest Devonian interval.

关键词：造山运动角度不整合东南沿海构造运动早志留世晚奥陶世局部变化沿海区域

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Deep-time Paleogeographic Reconstruction Based on Database:Taking the South China T. approximatus Biozone(Early Ordovician) as an Example

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S1期93卷 76-79页

作者： ZHANG Linna fan junxuan CHEN Qing State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Paleogeography is a discipline that studies spatial distribution and evolutionary characteristics of geographic objects in earth history(Feng,2003;Feng et al.,2012).It focuses on the sediments,organisms and environmental proxies,most of which are preserved in the rocks.However,a large amount of this geological and biological information was no longer preserved after the geological process of burial.

关键词： paleogeography deep-time GIS database

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Biostratigraphic correlation of the Ordovician black shales in Tarim Basin and its peripheral regions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第8期55卷 1230-1237页

作者： CHEN Xu ZHANG YuanDong LI Yue fan junxuan TANG Peng CHEN Qing ZHANG YuanYuan Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Ordovician black shales are widely distributed in the Tarim Basin and its peripheral regions,and some of them may serve as potential hydrocarbon source rocks.The present study of the Ordovician graptolite fauna from these shales,together with the yielded conodonts and chitinozoans etc.,permits a refined correlation of the rocks.Based mainly on a new collecting of the graptolites and a study of the faunas in Kalpin and Kuruktag regions,and the successful identification of the new graptolite material from a few drill cores within the basin,we are able to update our knowledge of the Ordovician in the regions,and draw some conclusions:(1) The most widespread distribution of the black shales in the Tarim Basin and its peripheral regions,which correspond to the Nemagraptus gracilis Zone,may be related to a global sea-level rise during this time interval.(2) Black shales of Ordovician occur most frequently and extensively in the Kuruktag(also spelled as Quruq Tagh) region in east-ern Tianshan Mountains,spanning Tremadocian to mid-Katian(D.spiniferus Zone) temporally and extending southeastwards into Manjiaer Depression.The black shales of the D.spiniferus Zone may even extend into the central Tarim Basin.(3) Three different bio-and litho-facies belts(Bachu:carbonate platform and reef belt;Kalpin-Aksu:marginal platform and upper slope belt;Wushi:slope belt) are recognized in the northwestern Tarim Basin.(4) The internationally well-correlated Saergan black shale,which has been considered to possess high potential for hydrocarbon source rock,may possess a restricted distribution in the Kalpin and Aksu areas.

关键词：塔里木盆地黑色页岩周边地区奥陶系地层对比笔石动物群库鲁克塔格阿克苏地区

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Are There Any Links between Biodiversity and Paleogeographic Differentiation in the Ordovician?

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S1期93卷 90-93页

作者： CHEN Qing ZHANG Linna fan junxuan LI Chao ZHANG Yuandong CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008JiangsuChina School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina

Two significant biological and geological events happened during the Ordovician,i.e.,the great Ordovician biodiversification event(GOBE;Webby et al.,2004)and the end-Ordovician mass extinction(Sheehan,2001).The two events were remarkably well recorded in South China and manifested by the diversity history of major marine fossil groups(e.g.,Chen et al.,2004;Rong and Zhan,2004;Rong et al.,2007).

关键词： correlation analysis lithofacies bioevent TIN polygon Ordovician

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The Central Guizhou and Yi-chang uplifts, Upper Yangtze region,between Ordovician and Silurian

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第18期46卷 1580-1584页

作者： CHEN Xu RONG Jiayu ZHOU Zhiyi ZHANG Yuandong ZHAN Renbin LIU Jianbo fan junxuan Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Geology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The Central Guizhou and Yichang Uplifts are present in central Guizhou to western Hubei. Biostrati-graphic evidences from more than 20 sections in 14 counties of this region provide the data about the duration of these uplifts. Although this duration differs from locality to locality, it is mainly from Ashgillian to Rhuddanian. The uplifts result from a horizontally driven movement to the South China Paleoplate from an uncertain block in southeast. Global sea-level drop during the end of the Ordovician made the uplifts obvious, particularly the Central Guizhou Uplift.It might have emerged above sea level in the short interval between the Ordovician and Silurian.

关键词： Central Guizhou Uplift Yichang Uplift Ashgillian Rhuddanian.

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Stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachi black graptolitic shales from Guizhou to Chongqing, Central China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第6期60卷 1133-1146页

作者： CHEN Xu fan junxuan WANG WenHui WANG HongYan NIE HaiKuan SHI XueWen WEN ZhiDong CHEN DongYang LI WenJie Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Langfang Branch Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company PetroChina Chengdu 610051 China Southern Company of SINOPEC Exploration Chengdu 610041 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Lungmachi Formation is widely distributed in Guizhou, Chongqing and the adjacent area. It is important for the study of Silurian biostratigraphy and shale-gas investigation. Based on those biostratigraphically well-studied sections from Guiyang to Huayingshan, we reveal the stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachi black shales. The distribution of the Lungmachi black shales in the studying area can be subdivided into four geographic belts from the south to the north,reflecting the joint effect of regional and global environmental changes. The graptolite depth zonation model was adopted herein to infer the water depth of major graptolite assemblages from the black shales. The changes in the water depth indicate two major stages. The first stage is named the transgressive distribution stage which ranged from the Persculptograptus persculptus Biozone(LM1, upper Hirnantian) to the Coronograptus cyphus Biozone(LM5, upper Rhuddanian), an interval mostly controlled by global sea-level rise. The second stage, ranging from the Demirastrites triangulatus Biozone(LM6, lower Aeronian) to the Spirograptus guerichi Biozone(LM9, lower Telychian), is named the regressive shrinking stage, during which the black shales were gradually replaced by mixed-facies or carbonate sediments from the south to the north, representing the effects of the persistent uplifting of the Central Guizhou Oldland.

关键词：黑色页岩分布格局贵州笔石华中地区重庆全球环境变化海平面上升

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Biostratigraphy and geography of the Ordovician-Silurian Lungmachi black shales in South China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第12期54卷 1854-1863页

作者： fan junxuan Michael J MELCHIN CHEN Xu WANG Yi ZHANG YuanDong CHEN Qing CHI ZhaoLi CHEN Feng State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Department of Earth Sciences St. Francis Xavier University Antigonish Nova Scotia B2G 2W5 Canada Algeria Branch of International Oil and Development Company SINOPEK Dongying 257000 China

Based on the new material of seven Ordovician-Silurian boundary sections investigated recently, together with previously published data, we analyze the temporal and spatial distributions of the Lungmachi black shales, a key petroleum source bed widely distributed in South China. The Lungmachi black shales range in age from the Normalograptus persculptus Biozone of the uppermost Ordovician to the Spirograptus guerichi Biozone of the lower Telychian, and ten graptolite biozones can be recognized within this unit. The basal and upper contacts of the Lungmachi black shales are diachronous. The basal contact ranges from the N. persculptus to the C. cyphus biozones, a span of five graptolite biozones over two stages. The upper contact ranges from the D. pectinatus-M. argenteus Biozone to the Spirograptus guerichi Biozone, which spans four graptolite biozones over two stages. The Yichang Uplift resulted in the formation of the Hunan-Hubei Submarine High in the border area of Hubei, Hunan, and Chongqing. This is supported by a break in sedimentation in this area spanning all or part of the Hirnantian, and in many areas extending into the underlying Katian and overlying Rhuddanian. Comparison of the distribution of the Katian to Rhuddanian strata in this area indicates a growth and subsequent reduction in area of the Hunan-Hubei Submarine High particularly in the Hirnantian to early Rhuddanian. This may partly represent the influence of the process of formation and melting of ice sheet in Ordovician South Pole and consequent sea level change.

关键词：黑色页岩中国南方地层学志留系地理海平面变化生物带空间分布

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Cyclostratigraphic Calibration of the Upper Ordovician(Sandbian-Katian) Pagoda and Linhsiang Formations in the Yichang Area,South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S1期93卷 177-180页

作者： ZHONG Yangyang CHEN Dongyang fan junxuan WU Huaichun fanG Qiang SHI Meinan State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Ocean Sciences China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Jiangsu Huohe Information Technology Co. LtdNanjing 210000JiangsuChina School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

1 Introduction The Sandbian-Katian is a critical period for the transition from"hot-house"in the Lower Ordovician to"ice-house"in the end-Ordovician(Trotter et al.,2008).During this interval,the South China Block was located in the equatorial region(Torsvik and Cocks,2016),with the widespread accumulation of Pagoda and Linhsiang formations(Zhan and Jin,2007).

关键词： cyclostratigraphy time-series analysis astronomical time scale duration

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Geological Panorama Database:Digitizing and Visualizingthe Geological Outcrops

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S1期93卷 11-13页

作者： DENG Yiying CHEN Dongyang fan junxuan SHI Yukun HOU Xudong YANG Jiao XU Wenxiang State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008JiangsuChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina Jiangsu Huohe Information Technology Co. LtdNanjing 210000JiangsuChina School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

1 Introduction Geological outcrops or sections are the basis of geological research.However,the traditional methods for presenting them are mainly photos which fall short of delivering a true visual sense (Deng et al.,2009;Hou et al.,2014).With the continuous development of image acquisition technology using single-lens reflex camera (SLR camera),image synthesis,large file storage and acquisition,panoramic visualization and network technology.

关键词： geological outcrops panorama database digitization visualization

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