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Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 872-912页

作者： Mudasir A.Kumar Sadaf K.Baba hana Q.Sadida Sara Al.Marzooqi Jayakumar Jerobin faisal h.altemani Naseh Algehainy Mohammad A.Alanazi Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra Rakesh Kumar Ammira S.Al-Shabeeb Akil Muzafar A.Macha Rashid Mir Ajaz A.Bhat Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaKashmir 192122India Department of human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Obesity and Cancer ProgramSidra MedicineDohaQatar Qatar Metabolic Institute Academic Health SystemHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical ResearchFaculty of Applied Medical SciencesUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia School of Biotechnology Shri Mata Vaishno Devi UniversityKatraIndia

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-sized,membranous structures secreted into the extracellular *** exhibit diverse sizes,contents,and surface markers and are ubiquitously released from cells under normal and pathological *** serum is a rich source of these EVs,though their isolation from serum proteins and non-EV lipid particles poses *** vesicles transport various cellular components such as proteins,mRNAs,miRNAs,DNA,and lipids across distances,influencing numerous physiological and pathological events,including those within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Their pivotal roles in cellular communication make EVs promising candidates for therapeutic agents,drug delivery systems,and disease *** in cancer diagnostics,EV detection can pave the way for early identification and offers potential as diagnostic ***,various EV subtypes are emerging as targeted drug delivery tools,highlighting their potential clinical *** need for non-invasive biomarkers to monitor biological processes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes remains *** into the unique composition of EVs could unlock advanced diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in the *** this review,we discuss in detail the roles of EVs across various conditions,including cancers(encompassing head and neck,lung,gastric,breast,and hepatocellular carcinoma),neurodegenerative disorders,diabetes,viral infections,autoimmune and renal diseases,emphasizing the potential advancements in molecular diagnostics and drug delivery.

关键词： diseases sized sizes

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Construction of robust and durable Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) nanosheet electrocatalyst for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 71-83页

作者： Tauseef Munawar Ambreen Bashir Khalid Mujasam Batoo Saman Fatima faisal Mukhtar Sajjad hussain Sumaira Manzoor Muhammad Naeem Ashiq Shoukat Alim Khan Muammer Koc faisal Iqbal Institute of Physics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia hybrid Materials Center(hMC) Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Division of Sustainable Development College of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityQatar FoundationDoha 34110Qatar

Reducing the production costs of clean energy carriers such as hydrogen through scalable water electrolysis is a potential solution for advancing the hydrogen *** the various material candidates,our group demonstrated transition-metal-based materials with tunable electronic characteristics,various phases,and ***,electrochemical water oxidation using Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) as a non-precious metallic electrocatalyst via a hydrothermal approach is *** water-splitting performance of all the fabricated electrocatalysts was evaluated after direct growth on a stainless-steel *** electrochemically tuned Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) catalyst exhibited a reduced overpotential of 128 mV and provided a reduced Tafel slope of 57 mV·dec^(−1) to meet the maximum current density of 250 mA·cm^(−2).The optimized strategy for interfacial coupling of the fabricated Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5) catalyst resulted in a porous structure with accessible active sites,which enabled adsorption of the intermediates and afforded an effective charge transfer rate for promoting the oxygen evolution ***,the combined effect of the catalyst components provided long-term stability for over 110 h in an alkaline solution,which makes the catalyst promising for large-scale practical *** aforementioned advantages of the composite catalyst overcome the limitations of low conductivity,agglomeration,and poor stability of the pure catalysts(Cu2Se and V2O5).

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction Cu_(2)Se-V_(2)O_(5)composite nanosheets metal-diffused ions accessible adsorption sites

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Trehalose:A sugar molecule involved in temperature stress management in plants

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 1-16页

作者： Ali Raza Savita Bhardwaj Md Atikur Rahman Pedro García-Caparrós Madiha habib faisal Saeed Sidra Charagh Christine h.Foyer Kadambot h.M.Siddique Rajeev K.Varshney College of Agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(FAFU)Fuzhou 350002FujianChina Department of Botany School of Bioengineering and BiosciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwara 144411India Department of Botany MCM DAV CollegeKangraHimachal Pradesh 176001India Grassland and Forage Division National Institute of Animal ScienceRural Development AdministrationCheonan 31000Republic of Korea Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering University of AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology National Agricultural Research CentrePark Rd.Islamabad 45500Pakistan Agriculture Health and Environment DepartmentNatural Resources InstituteFaculty of Engineering&ScienceUniversity of GreenwichKent ME44TBUK State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiangChina School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbaston B152TTUK The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyPerth 6009Australia WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Centre for Crop and Food InnovationFood Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia

Trehalose(Tre)is a non-reducing disaccharide found in many species,including bacteria,fungi,invertebrates,yeast,and even plants,where it acts as an osmoprotectant,energy source,or protein/membrane *** relatively small amounts in plants,Tre concentrations increase following exposure to abiotic ***-6-phosphate,a precursor of Tre,has regulatory functions in sugar metabolism,crop production,and stress *** the various abiotic stresses,temperature extremes(heat or cold stress)are anticipated to impact crop production worldwide due to ongoing climate *** small amounts of Tre can mitigate negative physiological,metabolic,and molecular responses triggered by temperature *** also interacts with other sugars,osmoprotectants,amino acids,and phytohormones to regulate metabolic reprogramming that underpins temperature stress *** plants expressing Tre-synthesis genes accumulate Tre and show improved stress ***-wide studies of Tre-encoding genes suggest roles in plant growth,development,and stress *** review discusses the functions of Tre in mitigating temperature stress—highlighting genetic engineering approaches to modify Tre metabolism,crosstalk,and interactions with other molecules—and in-silico approaches for identifying novel Tre-encoding genes in diverse plant *** consider how this knowledge can be used to develop temperature-resilient crops essential for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Abiotic stress Gene expression Genetic engineering Osmolyte Trehalose-6-phosphate

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Strong ground motion characteristics observed in the February 6,2023 M_(W)7.7 Türkiye earthquake

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Earthquake Science 2024年第3期37卷 241-262页

作者： faisal Mehraj Wani Jayaprakash Vemuri Chenna Rajaram Department of Civil Engineering Ecole Centrale College of EngineeringMahindra UniversityHyderabadTelangana 500043India Department of Civil Engineering Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyalAndhra Pradesh 518501India

Türkiye is located in a seismically active region,where the Anatolian,African,and Arabian tectonic plates *** seismic hazards cause the region to be struck repeatedly by major *** February 06,2023,a devastating M_(W)7.7 earthquake struck Türkiye at 01:17 am local time(01:17 UTC).In this regard,near and far-field ground motion data within the distance of 120 km are compiled and later characterized to identify the key ground motion intensity ***,the vertical components of ground motions were examined to capture the complete three-dimensional nature of the seismic ***,the effect of Pulse-Like(PL)and Non-Pulse-Like(NPL)ground motion on a representative RC frame structure built as per the Türkiye code was *** results indicate that PL behavior was observed in both horizontal and vertical components of ground motions and PL behavior were noted both near the epicenter and at higher distances from the ***,the ratio of the peak vertical acceleration to peak horizontal acceleration at certain stations was found to be close to ***,the non-linear time history analysis of the representative reinforced concrete frame structure for ground motions recorded at stations located equidistant from the epicenter,indicated that PL ground motions led to more significant damage compared to NPL ground motions.

关键词： Pulse-Like Non-Pulse-Like 2023 Türkiye earthquake V/h ratio reinforced concrete

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Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate Can Enhance Salt Stress Tolerance in Maize

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 1819-1838页

作者： Bushra Rehman Asma Zulfiqar houneida Attia Rehana Sardar Muneera A.Saleh Khalid h.Alamer Ibtisam M.Alsudays faisal Mehmood Qamar uz Zaman Institute of Botany University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Botany Emerson UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Biological Sciences Department Faculty of Science and ArtsKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of ScienceQassim UniversityBurydah52571Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Sciences The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant development and productivity and influences agricultural *** priming is a technique used to boost germination and seedling growth under abiotic stress.A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming with potassium nitrate(KNO_(3))at various levels(0%,0.50%,1.00%and 1.50%)under salt stress(0,75,100 mM NaCl)on two maize verities(MNh360 and 30T60)for the growth,development and metabolic attributes results revealed that in maize variety MNh360,KNO_(3)priming’s significantly enhanced growth parameters than in maize variety 30T60 under control and salt-stressed *** with KNO_(3)enhanced carotenoids and total chlorophyll in the 30T60 variety that protected the maize plants from salt ***,it was shown that priming with 1.00%KNO_(3)acts as safeguarded to protect them from oxidative damage by salt stress minimizing reactive oxygen species(ROS)formation through increased levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),and total soluble *** findings of the present study confirm that the use of the KNO_(3)seed priming technique is a lowcost,environmentally friendly technique for mitigating adverse impacts of salt stress in maize crops by activating the antioxidant defense system and improving chlorophyll and osmolyte contents.

关键词： Salinity Zea mays antioxidant enzymes growth seedlings oxidative damage

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Effects of family non-universal Z′model in angular observables of B→(ρ,a_(1))µ^(+)µ^(−)decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 86-113页

作者： Nimra Farooq Marwah Zaki M.Ali Paracha faisal Munir Bhutta Department of Physics School of Natural SciencesNational University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12Islamabad44000Pakistan

We present the angular distribution of the four-fold B→ρ(→ππ)µ^(+)µ^(−) and B→a_(1)(→ρ_(Ⅱ).⊥π)µ^(+)µ^(−) decays in the Standard Model and family non-universal Z'*** the quark level,these decays are govered by the b→dµ^(+)µ^(−) *** with different angular observables,we provide predictions of differential branching ***,forward-backward asymmetry,and longitudinal polarization fractions of ρ and a_(1) *** analysis showsthat the signatures of the fimily non-universal Z’model are more distinct in the observables associated with the B→ρ(→ππ)µ^(+)µ^(−) decay than in those associated with the B→a_(1)(→ρ_(Ⅱ).⊥π)µ^(+)µ^(−) *** measurements ofthe predicted angular observables,both at current and fiuture high energy colliders,will provide useful *** data required to clarify the structure of the family non-universal Z' model in |△b|=△d|=1 processes.

关键词： heavy quark physics B meson physics beyond the Standard Model

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Coupling Au with BO_(x) matrix induced by Closo-boron cluster for electrochemical synthesis of ammonia

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 471-477,I0012页

作者： Wenjing Liu Nan Yang Yuao Wei Yingjie Yu Jie Chen Mo Wei Yuting huang Xiaohan Li Linghai Zhang faisal Saleem Weina Zhang haibo Zhang Fengwei huo Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816JiangsuChina College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Au is considered as one of the most promising catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR),however maximizing the activity utilization rate of Au and understanding the synergistic effects between Au and carriers pose ongoing ***,we systematically explore the synergistic catalytic effect of incorporating Au with boron clusters for accelerating NRR *** in-situ abinitio strategy is employed to construct B-doped Au nanoparticles(2-6 nm in diameter)loaded on BO_(x) substrates(AuBO_(x)),in which B not only modulates the surface electronic structure of Au but also forms strong coupling interactions to stabilize the *** electrochemical results show that Au-BO_(x) possesses excellent NRR activity(Nh_(3) yield of 48.52μg h^(-1)mg_(cat)^(-1),Faraday efficiency of 56.18%),and exhibits high stability and reproducibility throughout the electrocatalytic NRR *** calculations reveal that the introduction of B induces the formation of both Au dangling bond and Au-B coupling *** considerably facilitates the hydrogenation of~*N_(2)^(-)~*Nh_(3).The present work provides a new avenue for the preparation of metal-boron materials achieved by one-step reduction and doping process,utilizing boron clusters as reducing and stabilizing agents.

关键词： Boron clusters Nitrogen reduction reaction Au–B coupling

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Predicting short-term thromboembolic risk following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using supervised machine learning

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1108页

作者： hassam Ali faisal Inayat Vishali Moond Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Arslan Afzal Zauraiz Anjum hamza Tahir Muhammad Sajeel Anwar Dushyant Singh Dahiya Muhammad Sohaib Afzal Gul Nawaz Amir h Sohail Muhammad Aziz Department of Gastroenterology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Internal Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan Department of Internal Medicine Saint Peter's University Hospital and Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Department of Internal Medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Jefferson Einstein HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19141United States Department of Internal Medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnsonNY 13790United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansasKS 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Louisiana State University HealthShreveportLA 71103United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States

BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)is a widely recognized bariatric procedure that is particularly beneficial for patients with class III *** aids in significant weight loss and improves obesity-related medical *** its effectiveness,postoperative care still has *** evidence shows that venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a leading cause of 30-d morbidity and mortality after ***,a clear unmet need exists for a tailored risk assessment tool for VTE in RYGB *** To develop and internally validate a scoring system determining the individualized risk of 30-d VTE in patients undergoing *** Using the 2016–2021 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation Quality Improvement Program,data from 6526 patients(body mass index≥40 kg/m^(2))who underwent RYGB were analyzed.A backward elimination multivariate analysis identified predictors of VTE characterized by pulmonary embolism and/or deep venous thrombosis within 30 d of *** resultant risk scores were derived from the coefficients of statistically significant *** performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating curves through 5-fold *** Of the 26 initial variables,six predictors were *** included a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a regression coefficient(Coef)of 2.54(Ph of stay(Coef 0.08,Phrombosis(Coef 1.61,Phemoglobin A1c>7%(Coef 1.19,Phistory(Coef 1.43,Phese variables were weighted according to their regression coefficients in an algorithm that was generated for the model predicting 30-d VTE risk *** risk model's area under the curve(AUC)was 0.79[95%confidence interval(CI):0.63-0.81],showing good discriminatory power,achieving a sensitivity of 0.60 and a specificity of *** training,the same model performed satisfactorily

关键词： Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Venous thromboembolism Machine learning Bariatric surgery Predictive modeling

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Oral candidiasis and potential risk factors among disabled and nondisabled in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第27期12卷 6077-6086页

作者： Abdullah Ali h Alzahrani Nagesh Bhat Pankaj Kukreja Eltayeb Mohammed Alhassan Abdallah Ibrahim A Mudawi faisal A Alzahrani Mohammad A Albanghali Department of Dental health Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAl-Baha UniversityAl Bahah 65731Saudi Arabia Department of Preventive Dental Sciences School of DentistryAlBaha UniversityAl Bahah 65731Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences School of DentistryAlBaha UniversityAl Bahah 65731Saudi Arabia Department of Medical Services General Administration Public SecurityThe Saudi Ministry of InteriorRiyadh 11235Saudi Arabia Department of Public health Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAl-Baha UniversityAl Bahah 65731Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Oral candidiasis(OC)is an oral health disease that could influence patients’oral health quality of *** To estimate prevalence of OC among disabled and non-disabled individuals and its potential risk factors in the Al-Baha region,Saudi *** An observational cross-sectional study was carried out among 148 disabled and non-disabled *** technique of concentrated oral rinse employing the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar medium accompanied with 0.05%chloramphenicol was conducted to assess and isolate *** examination using the World health Organization guidelines was conducted to examine participants’oral hea-lth status.A pre-designed questionnaire was also used to evaluate sociodemo-graphic,medical history,and oral hygiene habits of the studied *** Out of 148 participants(n=57,38%)had colonized *** of the studied population had visible Candida ***,Candida was found in the oral rinses without the subject presenting any lesions or issues caused by Candida(asymptomatic colonization).The most common prevalent OC among participants were Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida dubliniensis,Candida krusei,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis(n=35,61%;n=8,14%;n=6,10%;n=5,9%;n=2,4%;and n=1,2%)***,smoking,poor plaque,and gingival status were key potential risk factors that significantly associated with candida’s density and presence(P=0.001,P=0.001,P=0.01,and P=0.01)*** status had no statistically significant effect on presence and density of *** The prevalence of OC is almost third of the studied population;thus,may provoke a need to develop preventive strategies to reduce the OC rate and establish solid treatment plans.

关键词： Oral health Candida Oral candidiasis Dental public health Disabled Disability Risk factors Epidemiology

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Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and other respiratory pathogens in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 92-96页

作者： Wei Li Bing-han Wang Bao-hai Chen Yi Sun Lin Li Wen-Qing Xiang Ahmed faisal Ali Lin-Xuan Su hai-Yan Mao hong-Qiang Shen Qiang Shu Department of Clinical Laboratory Children's HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina School of Public health Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Information Center Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HangzhouChina Department of Thoracic&Cardiovascular Surgery Children's HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),the entire world has been affected by the epidemic[1,2].On November 9,2021,a variant of the novel coronavirus B.1.1.529 was detected for the first time from case samples in South *** Omicron strain spread and mutated significantly *** variant has the characteristics of escape immunity,which can induce relatively extreme disease and reduce the neutralization of antibodies in vaccinators,and is more likely to be reinfected[3,4].The clinical presentation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)in children has mild symptoms and a lower risk of hospitalization and death.

关键词： respiratory immunity acute

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