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Use of Topical Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) in Diabetic Septic Foot Disease in Makkah Region, Western of Saudi Arabia, an Exploratory Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 245-258页

作者： Mohamed Elamin Salih Hatim Alrizqi Mohammed Hussain Abdullah Alshumrani Ismail Alhasani Ali Alkhamisi Hamzah Alsayed fahad Alqarni Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Umm AlQura Mecca Saudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine University of Umm AlQura Mecca Saudi Arabia

Diabetes is a chronic condition that is significantly impacted daily by environment. At least one in five Saudis, suffer from diabetes. “Diabetes is a pandemic of unprecedented magnitude spiraling out of control” (Boulton). Saudi Arabia ranks the second highest in the Middle East, and is the seventh in the world for the prevalence of diabetes (WHO). Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been found to be related to high mortality, morbidity accompanied by poor general health and lower quality of life. Current Saudi diabetes patients’ behaviors, practices, and beliefs regarding foot health problems such as ulcers, are not well investigated. Diabetic patients frequently utilize natural remedies and Herbs for self-medication as a part of complementary and alternative Medicine. Aim of study: To explore the widespread use of the alternative remedies in the local communities of the Western Saudi Arabia, the drives behind using and to focus on the potential adverse effects following their usage. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study of 386 diabetic patients with feet problems in Makkah Region, West of Saudi Arabia during the period April - June 2023. Results: Out of the 531 participants, only 386 participants reported diabetic foot disorder (DFD). Most of the participant were above 65 years of age group (24.61 %). Male (52.08%) more than female (47.92%) in the research group. All of the participants had diabetic foot disorders at least once. The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) use among them was 67.88%, as solitary or in combination with hospital medicines. Honey headed the list followed by myrrh and black seeds. Acquaintances advice (59.54%) was the most reason for using the alternative medicine. 60.30% of Diabetic foot patient complained of adverse effects during CAM remedies use. Conclusion: Consumption of CAM remedies among diabetic patients for Diabetic Foot Disorder (DFD) is common. Honey headed the list followed by myrrh and black seeds. Addit

关键词： Diabetic Foot Ulcer Diabetes Complementary and Alternative Medicine CAM West of Saudi Arabia

Practical guide:Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 331-347页

作者： Saleh fahad Alqifari Omar Alkomi Abdullah Esmail Khadijeh Alkhawami Shahd Yousri Mohamad Ayham Muqresh Nawwarah Alharbi Abdullah A Khojah Ahmed Aljabri Abdulrahman Allahham Kousalya Prabahar Hanan Alshareef Mohammed Aldhaeefi Tariq Alrasheed Ali Alrabiah Laila A AlBishi Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Sciences Sulaiman Alrajhi University-College of MedicineAl Bukayriyah 52726Saudi Arabia Department of Family Medicine Dr.Soliman Fakeeh Hospital DSFHJeddah 21461Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Practice Faculty of PharmacyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 22252Saudi Arabia Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Sciences College of PharmacyHoward UniversityWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Practice Raabe College of PharmacyOhio Northern UniversityOhioOH 45810United States Department of Pediatric Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia

Practical guide:Glucagon-like peptide-1 and dual glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in diabetes mellitus common second-line choice after metformin for treating *** considerations can make selecting and switching between different GLP-1 RAs *** study aims to provide a comprehensive guide for the usage of GLP-1 RAs and dual GIP and GLP-1 RAs for the management of T2DM.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Diabetes mellitus Metabolic syndrome Dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Clinical practice Endocrinology

Adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in diabetes mellitus patients in Saudi Arabia:A multicenter retrospective study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 440-454页

作者： Saleh fahad Alqifari Aya K Esmail Dalal M Alarifi Ghalya Y Alsuliman Maram M Alhati May R Mutlaq Mohammed Aldhaeefi Shaden A Alshuaibi Palanisamy Amirthalingam Abrar Abdallah Afaf S Wasel Heba R Hamad Shoroq Alamin Tasneem H Atia Tariq Alqahtani Department of Pharmacy Practice University of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Sciences Sulaiman Alrajhi UniversityQassim 52726Saudi Arabia Department of Family Medicine International Medical CenterJeddah 23214Saudi Arabia Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy Sciences College of PharmacyHoward UniversityWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Pharmacology King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterRiyadh 11481Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are predisposed to an increased risk of infection signifying the importance of vaccination to protect against its potentially severe *** Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices(CDC/ACIP)issued immunization recommendations to protect this patient *** To assess the adherence of patients with DM to the CDC/ACIP immunization recommendations in Saudi Arabia and to identify the factors associated with the vaccine adherence *** An observational retrospective study conducted in 2023 was used to collect data on the vaccination records from 13 diabetes care centers in Saudi Arabia with 1000 eligible patients in phase I with data collected through chart review and 709 patients in phase II through online *** Among participants,10.01%(n=71)had never received any vaccine,while 85.89%(n=609)received at least one dose of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine,and 34.83%(n=247)had received the annual influenza *** 2.96%(n=21),2.11%(n=15),and 1.12%(n=8)received herpes zoster,tetanus,diphtheria,and pertussis(Tdap),and human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccines,*** patients with DM in Saudi Arabia,the rate of vaccination for annual influenza and COVID-19 vaccines was higher compared to other vaccinations such as herpes zoster,Tdap,pneumococcal,and *** such as vaccine recommendations provided by family physicians or specialists,site of care,income level,DM-related hospitalization history,residency site,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level,and health sector type can significantly influence the vaccination rate in patients with *** non-vaccinated patients with DM,the most reported barriers were lack of knowledge and fear of side *** signifies the need for large-scale research in this area to identify additional factors that might facilitate adherence to CDC/ACIP vaccine recommendations in patients with *** In S

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Vaccine recommendation COVID-19 vaccine Influenza vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine Immunization Retrospective study

Potential Benefits and Obstacles of the Use of Internet of Things in Saudi Universities: Empirical Study

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Advances in Internet of Things 2024年第1期14卷 1-20页

作者： Najmah Adel Fallatah fahad Mahmoud Ghabban Omair Ameerbakhsh Ibrahim Alfadli Wael Ghazy Alheadary Salem Sulaiman Alatawi Ashwaq Hasen Al-Shehri College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Madinah Saudi Arabia Ministry of Education in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah Region Madinah Saudi Arabia

Internet of Things (IoT) among of all the technology revolutions has been considered the next evolution of the internet. IoT has become a far more popular area in the computing world. IoT combined a huge number of things (devices) that can be connected through the internet. The purpose: this paper aims to explore the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) generally and outline the main definitions of IoT. The paper also aims to examine and discuss the obstacles and potential benefits of IoT in Saudi universities. Methodology: the researchers reviewed the previous literature and focused on several databases to use the recent studies and research related to the IoT. Then, the researchers also used quantitative methodology to examine the factors affecting the obstacles and potential benefits of IoT. The data were collected by using a questionnaire distributed online among academic staff and a total of 150 participants completed the survey. Finding: the result of this study reveals there are twelve factors that affect the potential benefits of using IoT such as reducing human errors, increasing business income and worker’s productivity. It also shows the eighteen factors which affect obstacles the IoT use, for example sensors’ cost, data privacy, and data security. These factors have the most influence on using IoT in Saudi universities.

关键词： Internet of Things (IoT) M2M Factors Obstacles Potential Benefits Universities

Construction and Optimization of TRNG Based Substitution Boxes for Block Encryption Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2679-2696页

作者： Muhammad fahad Khan Khalid Saleem Mohammed alotaibi Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi Eid Rehman Aaqif Afzaal Abbasi Muhammad Asif Gondal Quaid e Azam University Islamabad45320Pakistan Foundation University Islamabad Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Business Administration University of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Sciences Dhofar UniversitySalalah211Oman

Internet of Things is an ecosystem of interconnected devices that are accessible through the *** recent research focuses on adding more smartness and intelligence to these edge *** makes them susceptible to various kinds of security *** edge devices rely on cryptographic techniques to encrypt the pre-processed data collected from the sensors deployed in the *** this regard,block cipher has been one of the most reliable options through which data security is *** strength of block encryption algorithms against different attacks is dependent on its nonlinear primitive which is called Substitution *** the design of S-boxes mainly algebraic and chaos-based techniques are used but researchers also found various weaknesses in these *** the other side,literature endorse the true random numbers for information security due to the reason that,true random numbers are purely *** this paper firstly a natural dynamical phenomenon is utilized for the generation of true random numbers based ***,a systematic literature review was conducted to know which metaheuristic optimization technique is highly adopted in the current decade for the optimization of *** on the outcome of Systematic Literature Review(SLR),genetic algorithm is chosen for the optimization of *** results of our method validate that the proposed dynamic S-boxes are effective for the block ***,our results showed that the proposed substitution boxes achieve better cryptographic strength as compared with state-of-the-art techniques.

关键词： IoT security sensors data encryption substitution box generation True Random Number Generators(TRNG) heuristic optimization genetic algorithm

Efficient User Pairing for Performance Enhancement of Downlink NOMA Systems

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 535-544页

作者： fahad Alraddady Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

In this paper,the resource allocation problem for user pairing(UP)in downlink non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)systems is *** allows the use of one subcarrier for more than one user at the same time,thus increases the total capacity of the wireless communication ***,users pairing is a challenging task in the NOMA systems,because a good channel quality subcarrier should be selected and allocated for the user to enhance the performance of NOMA *** proposed UP algorithm aims to enhance the sum rate of the paired users per subcarrier and consequently enhance the total sum rate of downlink NOMA ***,the proposed UP algorithm target to improve the fairness of the *** proposed UP algorithm is based on a simple search for the subcarrier with the minimum average channel gains to be assigned its paired users and then excluding it from the next searching *** proposed scheme ensures the higher channel gain for users by giving the priority to the subcarrier with the minimum average channel gains during the user pairing *** simulation results demonstrate that the proposed UP algorithm can not only enhance the total sum rate compared with the random UP and conventional UP but also can enhance the fairness of the ***,it is clearly seen that the proposed UP algorithm provides the lowest outage probability.

关键词： 5G NOMA sum-rate user pairing fairness

Optimal Hybrid Deep Learning Enabled Attack Detection and Classificationin IoT Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 99-115页

作者： fahad F.Alruwaili College of Computing and Information Technology Shaqra UniversitySharqaSaudi Arabia

The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm enables end users to accessnetworking services amongst diverse kinds of electronic devices. IoT securitymechanism is a technology that concentrates on safeguarding the devicesand networks connected in the IoT environment. In recent years, False DataInjection Attacks (FDIAs) have gained considerable interest in the IoT *** compromise the devices connected to the networkand inject the data. Such attacks on the IoT environment can result in a considerableloss and interrupt normal activities among the IoT network *** FDI attacks have been effectively overcome so far by conventional threatdetection techniques. The current research article develops a Hybrid DeepLearning to Combat Sophisticated False Data Injection Attacks detection(HDL-FDIAD) for the IoT environment. The presented HDL-FDIAD modelmajorly recognizes the presence of FDI attacks in the IoT *** HDL-FDIAD model exploits the Equilibrium Optimizer-based FeatureSelection (EO-FS) technique to select the optimal subset of the ***, the Long Short Term Memory with Recurrent Neural Network(LSTM-RNN) model is also utilized for the purpose of classification. At last,the Bayesian Optimization (BO) algorithm is employed as a hyperparameteroptimizer in this study. To validate the enhanced performance of the HDLFDIADmodel, a wide range of simulations was conducted, and the resultswere investigated in detail. A comparative study was conducted between theproposed model and the existing models. The outcomes revealed that theproposed HDL-FDIAD model is superior to other models.

关键词： False data injection attacks hyperparameter optimizer deep learning feature selection IoT security

A Novel Method for Routing Optimization in Software-Defined Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 6393-6405页

作者： Salem Alkhalaf fahad Alturise Department of Computer College of Science and Arts in ArRass Qassim UniversityAr RassQassimSaudi Arabia

Software-defined network(SDN)is a new form of network architecture that has programmability,ease of use,centralized control,and protocol *** has received high attention since its *** SDN network architecture,network management becomes more efficient,and programmable interfaces make network operations more flexible and can meet the different needs of various *** mainstream communication protocol of SDN is OpenFlow,which contains aMatch Field in the flow table structure of the protocol,which matches the content of the packet header of the data received by the switch,and completes the corresponding actions according to the matching results,getting rid of the dependence on the protocol to avoid designing a new *** order to effectively optimize the routing forSDN,this paper proposes a novel algorithm based on reinforcement *** proposed technique canmaximize numerous objectives to dynamically update the routing strategy,and it has great generality and is not reliant on any specific network *** control of routing strategy is more complicated than many Q-learning-based algorithms due to the employment of reinforcement *** performance of the method is tested by experiments using the OMNe++*** experimental results reveal that our PPO-based SDN routing control method has superior performance and stability than existing algorithms.

关键词： Reinforcement learning routing algorithm software-defined network optimization

Artificial Intelligence Based Threat Detection in Industrial Internet of Things Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5809-5824页

作者： fahad F.Alruwaili College of Computing and Information Technology Shaqra UniversitySharqaSaudi Arabia

Internet of Things(IoT)is one of the hottest research topics in recent years,thanks to its dynamic working mechanism that integrates physical and digital world into a single *** technology,applied in industries,is termed as Industrial IoT(IIoT).IIoT has been found to be highly susceptible to attacks from adversaries,based on the difficulties observed in IIoT and its increased dependency upon internet and communication *** or accidental attacks on these approaches result in catastrophic effects like power outage,denial of vital health services,disruption to civil service,etc.,Thus,there is a need exists to develop a vibrant and powerful for identification and mitigation of security vulnerabilities in *** this view,the current study develops an AI-based Threat Detection and Classification model for IIoT,abbreviated as AITDC-IIoT *** presented AITDC-IIoT model initially pre-processes the input data to transform it into a compatible *** addition,WhaleOptimizationAlgorithm based Feature Selection(WOA-FS)is used to elect the subset of ***,Cockroach Swarm Optimization(CSO)is employed with Random Vector Functional Link network(RVFL)technique for threat ***,CSO algorithm is applied to appropriately adjust the parameters related to RVFL *** performance of the proposed AITDC-IIoT model was validated under benchmark *** experimental results established the supremacy of the proposed AITDC-IIoT model over recent approaches.

关键词： Security industrial internet of things threat detection artificial intelligence feature selection