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A Mutual Authentication and Cross Verification Protocol for Securing Internet-of-Drones (IoD)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5845-5869页

作者： Saeed Ullah Jan Irshad Ahmed Abbasi fahad algarni Department of Computer Science&IT University of MalakandChakadara18800Pakistan Faculty of Science&Arts Belqarn Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of BishaSabtul Alaya 61985Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBisha 67714Saudi Arabia

With the rapid miniaturization in sensor technology,Internet-ofDrones(IoD)has delighted researchers towards information transmission security among drones with the control station server(CSS).In IoD,the drone is different in shapes,sizes,characteristics,and *** can be classified on the purpose of its deployment,either in the civilian or military ***’s manufacturing,equipment installation,power supply,multi-rotor system,and embedded sensors are not issues for *** main thing is to utilize a drone for a complex and sensitive task using an infrastructureless/self-organization/resource-less network type called Flying Ad Hoc Network(FANET).Monitoring data transmission traffic,emergency and rescue operations,border surveillance,search and physical phenomenon sensing,and so on can be achieved by developing a robust mutual authentication and cross-verification scheme for IoD deployment civilian *** several protocols are available in the literature,they are either design issues or suffering from other vulnerabilities;still,no one claims with conviction about foolproof security ***,in this paper,the researchers highlighted the major deficits in prior protocols of the domain,i.e.,these protocols are either vulnerable to forgery,side channel,stolen-verifier attacks,or raised the outdated data transmission *** order to overcome these loopholes and provide a solution to the existing vulnerabilities,this paper proposed an improved and robust public key infrastructure(PKI)based authentication scheme for the IoD *** proposed protocol’s security analysis section has been conducted formally using BAN(Burrows-Abadi-Needham)logic,ProVerif2.03 simulation,and informally using discussion/pragmatic *** the performance analysis section of the paper has been assessed by considering storage,computation,and communication *** comparing the proposed protocol with prior works,it has been demonstrate

关键词： Cryptography authentication confidentiality reachability ZSP

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An Access Control Scheme Using Heterogeneous Signcryption for IoT Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4307-4321页

作者： Insaf Ullah Hira Zahid fahad algarni Muhammad Asghar Khan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Technology Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabadPakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia

When the Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is combined with the Internet of Things(IoT),it can be employed in a wide range of applications,such as agriculture,industry 4.0,health care,smart homes,among *** the big data generated by these applications in Cloud Servers(CSs),requires higher levels of authenticity and confidentiality during communication conducted through the *** is one of the most promising approaches nowadays for overcoming such obstacles,due to its combined nature,i.e.,signature and encryption.A number of researchers have developed schemes to address issues related to access control in the IoT literature,however,the majority of these schemes are based on homogeneous *** will be neither adequate nor practical for heterogeneous IoT *** addition,these schemes are based on bilinear pairing and elliptic curve cryptography,which further requires additional processing time and more communication overheads that is inappropriate for real-time ***,this paper aims to solve the above-discussed issues,we proposed an access control scheme for IoT environments using heterogeneous signcryption scheme with the efficiency and security hardiness of hyperelliptic *** the security services such as replay attack prevention,confidentiality,integrity,unforgeability,non-repudiations,and forward secrecy,the proposed scheme has very low computational and communication costs,when it is compared to existing *** is primarily because of hyperelliptic curve lighter nature of key and other *** AVISPA tool is used to simulate the security requirements of our proposed scheme and the results were under two backbends(Constraint Logic-based Attack Searcher(CL-b-AtSER)and On-the-Fly Model Checker(ON-t-FL-MCR))proved to be SAFE when the presented scheme is coded in HLPSL *** scheme was proven to be capable of preventing a variety of attacks,including confidentiality,integrity,unforge

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) access control big data heterogeneous signcryption

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The Double Edge Sword Based Distributed Executor Service

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 589-604页

作者： Faisal Bahadur Arif Iqbal Umar Insaf Ullah fahad algarni Muhammad Asghar Khan Department of Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad 44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia

Scalability is one of the most important quality attribute of softwareintensive systems,because it maintains an effective performance parallel to the large fluctuating and sometimes unpredictable *** order to achieve scalability,thread pool system(TPS)(which is also known as executor service)has been used extensively as a middleware service in software-intensive *** optimization is a challenging problem that determines the optimal size of thread pool dynamically on *** case of distributed-TPS(DTPS),another issue is the load balancing b/w available set of TPSs running at backend *** DTPSs are overloaded either due to an inappropriate TPS optimization strategy at backend servers or improper load balancing scheme that cannot quickly recover an ***,the performance of software-intensive system is ***,in this paper,we propose a new DTPS that follows the collaborative round robin load balancing that has the effect of a double-edge *** the one hand,it effectively performs the load balancing(in case of overload situation)among available TPSs by a fast overload recovery procedure that decelerates the load on the overloaded TPSs up to their capacities and shifts the remaining load towards other gracefully running *** on the other hand,its robust load deceleration technique which is applied to an overloaded TPS sets an appropriate upper bound of thread pool size,because the pool size in each TPS is kept equal to the request rate on it,hence dynamically optimizes *** evaluated the results of the proposed system against state of the art DTPSs by a clientserver based simulator and found that our system outperformed by sustaining smaller response times.

关键词： Software-intensive systems distributed executor service load balancing overload monitoring multi-threading thread pool performance

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Speech Recognition-Based Automated Visual Acuity Testing with Adaptive Mel Filter Bank

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2991-3004页

作者： Shibli Nisar Muhammad Asghar Khan fahad algarni Abdul Wakeel M.Irfan Uddin Insaf Ullah Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering&Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

One of the most commonly reported disabilities is vision loss,which can be diagnosed by an ophthalmologist in order to determine the visual system of a *** procedure,however,usually requires an appointment with an ophthalmologist,which is both time-consuming and expensive *** issues that can arise include a lack of appropriate equipment and trained practitioners,especially in rural *** on a cognitively motivated attribute extraction and speech recognition approach,this paper proposes a novel idea that immediately determines the eyesight *** proposed system uses an adaptive filter bank with weighted mel frequency cepstral coefficients for feature *** adaptive filter bank implementation is inspired by the principle of spectrum sensing in cognitive radio that is aware of its environment and adapts to statistical variations in the input stimuli by learning from the *** performance evaluation demonstrates the potential of our automated visual acuity test method to achieve comparable results to the clinical ground truth,established by the expert ophthalmologist’s *** overall accuracy achieved by the proposed model when compared with the expert ophthalmologist test is 91.875%.The proposed method potentially offers a second opinion to ophthalmologists,and serves as a cost-effective pre-screening test to predict eyesight loss at an early stage.

关键词： Eyesight test speech recognition HMM SVM feature extraction

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An Efficient Proxy Blind Signcryption Scheme for IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4293-4306页

作者： Aamer Khan Insaf Ullah fahad algarni Muhammad Naeem M.Irfan Uddin Muhammad Asghar Khan Department of Information Technology Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbotabadPakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

Recent years have witnessed growing scientific research interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)technologies,which supports the development of a variety of applications such as health care,Industry 4.0,agriculture,ecological data management,and other various *** utilizes the Internet as a prime medium of communication for both single documents as well as multi-digital ***,due to the wide-open nature of the Internet,it is important to ensure the anonymity,untraceably,confidentiality,and unforgeability of communication with efficient computational complexity and low *** designed a light weight and secure proxy blind signcryption for multi-digital messages based on a hyperelliptic curve(HEC).Our results outperform the available schemes in terms of computational cost and communication *** designed scheme also has the desired authentication,unforgeability of warrants and/or plaintext,confidentiality,integrity,and blindness,***,our scheme is more suitable for devices with low computation power such as mobiles and tablets.

关键词： Proxy signcryption multi-digital-documents proxy blind signcryption hyperelliptic curve IoT

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A Perfect Knob to Scale Thread Pool on Runtime

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1483-1493页

作者： Faisal Bahadur Arif Iqbal Umar Insaf Ullah fahad algarni Muhammad Asghar Khan Samih M.Mostafa Department of Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad CampusPakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

Scalability is one of the utmost nonfunctional requirement of server applications,because it maintains an effective performance parallel to the large fluctuating and sometimes unpredictable *** order to achieve scalability,thread pool system(TPS)has been used extensively as a middleware service in server *** size of thread pool is the most significant factor,that affects the overall performance of *** the optimal size of thread pool dynamically on runtime is a challenging *** most widely used and simple method to tackle this problem is to keep the size of thread pool equal to the request rate,i.e.,the frequencyoriented thread pool(FOTP).The FOTPs are the most widely used TPSs in the industry,because of the implementation simplicity,the negligible overhead and the capability to use in any ***,the frequency-based schemes only focused on one aspect of changes in the load,and that is the fluctuations in request *** request rate alone is an imperfect knob to scale thread ***,this paper presents a workload profiling based FOTP,that focuses on request size(service time of request)besides the request rate as a knob to scale thread pool on runtime,because we argue that the combination of both truly represents the load fluctuation in server-side *** evaluated the results of the proposed system against state of the art TPS of Oracle Corporation(by a client-server-based simulator)and concluded that our system outperformed in terms of both;the response times and throughput.

关键词： Scalability performance middleware workload profiling multithreading thread pool

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Mining the Chatbot Brain to Improve COVID-19 Bot Response Accuracy

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 2619-2638页

作者： Mukhtar Ghaleb Yahya Almurtadha fahad algarni Monir Abdullah Emad Felemban Ali M.Alsharafi Mohamed Othman Khaled Ghilan Department of Information Systems College of Sciences and ArtsUniversity of BishaAl Namas67392Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Communication Technology and Network Universiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor43400Malaysia Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Jazan UniversityJazan45142Saudi Arabia

People often communicate with auto-answering tools such as conversational agents due to their 24/7 availability and unbiased ***,chatbots are normally designed for specific purposes and areas of experience and cannot answer questions outside their *** employ Natural Language Understanding(NLU)to infer their *** is a need for a chatbot that can learn from inquiries and expand its area of experience with *** chatbot must be able to build profiles representing intended topics in a similar way to the human brain for fast *** study proposes a methodology to enhance a chatbot’s brain functionality by clustering available knowledge bases on sets of related themes and building representative *** used a COVID-19 information dataset to evaluate the proposed *** pandemic has been accompanied by an“infodemic”of fake *** chatbot was evaluated by a medical doctor and a public trial of 308 real *** obtained and statistically analyzed tomeasure effectiveness,efficiency,and satisfaction as described by the ISO9214 *** proposed COVID-19 chatbot system relieves doctors from answering *** provide an example of the use of technology to handle an infodemic.

关键词： Machine learning text classification e-health chatbot COVID-19 awareness natural language understanding

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Ambiguity Resolution in Direction of Arrival Estimation with Linear Antenna Arrays Using Differential Geometry

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 581-599页

作者： Alamgir Safi Muhammad Asghar Khan fahad algarni Muhammad Adnan Aziz M.Irfan Uddin Insaf Ullah Tanweer Ahmad Cheema Department of Electronic Engineering ISRA UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Hamdard Institute of Engineering&Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBishaSaudi Arabia Institute of Computing Kohat University of Science and TechnologyKohatPakistan

Linear antenna arrays(LAs)can be used to accurately predict the direction of arrival(DOAs)of various targets of interest in a given ***,under certain conditions,LA suffers from the problem of ambiguities among the angles of targets,which may result inmisinterpretation of such *** order to cope up with such ambiguities,various techniques have been ***,none of them fully resolved such a problem because of rank deficiency and high computational *** aimed to resolve such a problem by proposing an algorithm using differential *** proposed algorithm uses a specially designed doublet antenna array,which is made up of two individual linear *** angle observation models,ambiguous observation model(AOM)and estimated observation model(EOM),are derived for each individual *** ambiguous set of angles is contained in the AOM,which is obtained from the corresponding array elements using differential *** EOM for each array,on the other hand,contains estimated angles of all sources impinging signals on each array,as calculated by a direction-finding algorithm such as the genetic *** algorithm then contrasts the EOM of each array with its AOM,selecting the output of that array whose EOM has the minimum correlation with its corresponding *** comparison to existing techniques,the proposed algorithm improves estimation accuracy and has greater precision in antenna aperture selection,resulting in improved resolution capabilities and the potential to be used more widely in practical *** simulation results using MATLAB authenticates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Antenna array direction of arrival ambiguity resolution doublet antenna array ambiguous observation model estimated observation model

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Evaluating the Efficiency of CBAM-Resnet Using Malaysian Sign Language

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2755-2772页

作者： Rehman Ullah Khan Woei Sheng Wong Insaf Ullah fahad algarni Muhammad Inam Ul Haq Mohamad Hardyman bin Barawi Muhammad Asghar Khan Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Universiti Malaysia SarawakKuching94300Malaysia Hamdard Institute of Engineering and Technology Islamabad44000Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology The University of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Khushal Khan Khattak UniversityKarak27200Pakistan

The deaf-mutes population is constantly feeling helpless when others do not understand them and vice *** fill this gap,this study implements a CNN-based neural network,Convolutional Based Attention Module(CBAM),to recognise Malaysian Sign Language(MSL)in videos *** study has created 2071 videos for 19 dynamic *** different experiments were conducted for dynamic signs,using CBAM-3DResNet implementing‘Within Blocks’and‘Before Classifier’*** metrics such as the accuracy,loss,precision,recall,F1-score,confusion matrix,and training time were recorded to evaluate the models’*** showed that CBAM-ResNet models had good performances in videos recognition tasks,with recognition rates of over 90%with little ***‘Before Classifier’is more efficient than‘Within Blocks’models of *** experiment results indicated the CBAM-ResNet‘Before Classifier’efficiency in recognising Malaysian Sign Language and its worth of future research.

关键词： CBAM-ResNet malaysian sign language within blocks before classifier efficiency evaluation

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An Intelligent Voice-Based eMarketplace for Visually Impaired People

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2013年第3期6卷 91-96页

作者： fahad algarni Yen Cheung Vincent Lee Clayton School of Information Technology Monash University Melbourne Australia

Today eMarketplaces play a significant role in contemporary life by providing a lot of income and business opportunities to people and organizations throughout the world. Despite innovations in the field of IT, many of eMarketplaces lack the ability to provide appropriate services for people with special needs, especially the blind.? Therefore, this paper is focused on incorporating an interface for blind people to participate in the business of eMarketplaces. A proposed model of a voice-based eMarketplace has been introduced using voice recognition technology. Specific blind users of the system are uniquely identified using voice recognition technology to enable them to access the eMarketplace in a secure manner. Further work of this project involves building such as module on an existing eMarketplace.

关键词： eMarketplaces Voice Recognition Visually Impaired People eCommerce Web Accessibility

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