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Which are the most favourable conditions for reducing soil CO_(2)emissions with no-tillage?Results from a meta-analysis

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 497-506页

作者： Simone Bregaglio Gabriele Mongiano Rossana M.Ferrara fabrizio Ginaldi Alessandra Lagomarsino Gianfranco Rana CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentI-40128BolognaItaly CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Plant Protection and CertificationSS 11 km 2500I-13100VercelliItaly CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentI-70125BariItaly CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentI-50125FirenzeItaly

No-tillage practices have a recognised beneficial impact on soil and water conservation while reducing erosion processes and enhancing soil organic matter ***,scientists continue to debate the effectiveness of no-tillage in reducing soil carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions from *** the same line of inquiry pursued by the authors who reviewed the impact of conservative practices on direct CO_(2)emissions,we applied meta-analytic and machine learning techniques to unravel the effect of no-tillage under contrasting pedo-environmental conditions and agricultural *** analysed fifty-six experimental studies investigating direct soil CO_(2)emissions from no-tillage and conventional tillage practices(102 paired observations),considering pedological(soil texture,soil organic carbon content),environmental(climate type),and management(crop rotation,experiment duration)*** estimated the effect of different practices on the daily amount of soil CO_(2)emissions,and the impact of tillage in the period immediately following the *** main insights of this study are:(i)the conditions leading to the highest reduction of CO_(2)emissions due to no-tillage were long-term experiments(standardised mean differenceβ=0.64)conducted in arid environments(β=0.76)and clay soils(β=0.81),with low organic carbon content(β=0.79)where crop rotations(β=0.65)were performed;(ii)the same conditions were associated with the lowest absolute CO_(2)emissions,irrespective of soil management;(iii)the highest contribution to the variability of absolute soil CO_(2)emissions was associated with soil texture(mean decrease in accuracy of Random Forest models,MDA=4.57),rotation(MDA=3.07),experiment duration(MDA=2.93)and soil organic carbon content(MDA=2.24),rather than to tillage practices;(iv)soil CO_(2)emissions almost doubled in the first day after a tillage event,consistently across studies(p=0.001).This meta-analysis offers quantitative figures on the impact of tillage

关键词： Agricultural soils Greenhouse gases Global warming Net-zero agriculture

A"reappearance"of gallbladder in a liver transplant recipient

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第5期7卷 412-413页

作者： Al Warith Al Hashmi fabrizio Panaro Francis Navarro Department of General and Liver/Pancreas Transplant Surgery University of Montpellier-College of MedicineHopital Saint EloiMontpellierFrance

In liver transplantation graft cholecystectomy is performed *** leaks have an incidence of 2–25%following liver *** bile leaks are diagnosed within 30 days and rarely after 3 *** this article,we describe a case of bi... 详细信息

关键词： gallbladder routine liver

Planktonic foraminifera as bio-indicators for monitoring the climatic changes that have occurred over the past 2000 years in the southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第4期9卷 542-554页

作者： fabrizio LIRER Mario SPROVIERI Mattia VALLEFUOCO Luciana FERRARO Nicola PELOSI Laura GIORDANO Lucilla CAPOTONDI Institute for Coastal Marine Environment National Research CouncilNaplesItaly Institute for Coastal Marine Environment National Research CouncilTorretta Granitola(Fraz.Campobello di MazaraTp)Italy Istituto Scienze Marine Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino CostieroConsiglio Nazionale delle RicercheConsiglio Nazionale delle RicercheBolognaItaly and Institute of Marine SciencesNational Research CouncilBolognaItaly

A high-resolution integrated study has been performed in a super-expanded marine record(sedimentation rate spanning from 11 cm/100 years to 20 cm/100 years)from the continental shelf area of the southeastern Tyrrhenian *** foraminiferal distribution illustrates 6 major environmental changes during the past 2000 years:(i)the Roman Period-Dark Age transition(from herbivorous-opportunistic to carnivorous species);(ii)the Dark Age-MCA transition(from carnivorous to herbivorous-opportunistic species);(iii)the Medieval Classic Anomaly-Little Ice Age transition(a further and definitive change from carnivorous to herbivorous-opportunistic species);(iv)the period during the Maunder event between approximately 1720 AD and 1740 AD(turnover from the carnivorous planktonic foraminifer Globigerinodes ruber to the herbivorous-opportunistic planktonic foraminifer Turborotalita quinqueloba);(v)the Industrial Period(dominance of herbivorous-opportunistic planktonic foraminifera);and(vi)the Modern Warm Period at approximately 1940 AD(the last turnover in favor of herbivorous-opportunistic planktonic foraminifers,associated with an increase in benthic foraminifera).Our studies lead us to link this latter feature to an anthropogenic impact associated with the damming of Sele River(Salerno Gulf)at 1934 AD,which induced a change in the sediment input with a strong decrease in coarse-grained fraction and a probable alteration in nutrient ***δ^(18)O_(***) record of the past 2000 years shows the alternation of warm/wet and cold/dry events related to the Roman Period,the Dark Age,the Medieval Classic Anomaly,the Little Ice Age,the Industrial Period and the Modern Warm *** 5 evidentδ^(18)O_(***) oscillations(between approximately 1325 AD and 1940 AD)coincide with the 5 minima in the solar activity record(Wolf,Spörer,Maunder,Dalton and Damon events).

关键词： Mediterranean Basin oxygen stable isotopes planktonic foraminifera southeastern Tyrrhenian Sea

Use of anticoagulation reversal therapy in the emergency department:a single-center real-life retrospective study

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第1期14卷 56-58页

作者： Jacopo Davide Giamello Andrea Pisano fabrizio Corsini Remo Melchio Luca Bertolaccini Enrico Lupia Giuseppe Lauria School of Emergency Medicine University of TurinTurin 10100Italy Department of Emergency Medicine Santa Croce e Carle HospitalCuneo 12100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Santa Croce e Carle HospitalCuneo 12100Italy Department of Thoracic Surgery IEOEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilan 20141Italy Department of Emergency Medicine Cittàdella Salute e della Scienza HospitalTurin 10126Italy Department of Medical Sciences University of TurinTurin 10100Italy

The incidence of atrial fibrillation(AF)and deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism(DVT/PE)has increased in the last decades as a consequence of global aging and th refinement of diagnostic techniques;thus,the consumption o anticoagulant drugs has increased significantly.[1,2]Prescription of direct oral anticoagulants(DOACs)have overtaken thos of vitamin K antagonists(VKA)since the mid-2010s.[3]Consequently,the incidence of these drugs’side effects has also increased;the most relevant side effect in terms of morbidity and mortality is *** addition to critically ill bleeding patients,another indication of anticoagulant reversal therapy is the need for emergency surgery or for a procedure with high risk of bleeding.

关键词： drugs vitamin mortality

Kinetics of FeSe_2 oxidation by ferric iron and its reactivity compared with FeS_2

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第9期57卷 1300-1309页

作者： MA Bin NIE Zhe LIU ChunLi KANG MingLiang BARDELLI fabrizio CHEN FanRong CHARLET Laurent Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Fundamental Science Laboratory on Radiochemistry & Radiation ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Environmental Geochemistry Group ISTerreUniversity of Grenoble I38041 GrenobleFrance

The mobility and bioavailability of selenium is a major health and environmental issue and a main concern for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Chemically and/or microbially mediated oxidation of insoluble Se-bearing particulate, such as iron selenides, to dissolved and mobile phases controls the transport and distribution of Se in the environment. The oxidation of ferroselite （FeSe2） by ferric iron was investigated in anoxic conditions. The redox reaction can be represented by： FeSe2 ＋ 2Fe3＋ = 2Se^0 ＋ 3Fe2＋. Kinetic studies indicated that the reaction can be described by second-order rate law, with rate constants of 0.49±0.01, 0.85±0.02, 1.84±0.04, and 3.29±0.13 L mol^-1 s^-1 at pH 1.62, 1.87, 2.23, and 2.49, respectively. The positive correlation between reaction rate and pH implies that diffusion of Fe3＋ oxidant to the mineral surface is the rate-determining step. The strong reactivity of FeSe2 towards Fe^3＋ suggests that ferric iron may play a significant role in FeSe2 oxidation process （e.g., by Se^4＋, 02, etc.） and Se^0 should be the first reaction product. Also, it was shown that the reduction rate of Fe^3＋ or Se^4＋ by pyrite （FeS2） can be significantly increased in the presence of FeSe2, suggesting a stronger reactivity of FeSe2 compared with pyrite. The results obtained extend our knowledge about the subtle interaction between Se, pyrite and iron selenides in the environment, and give insight into the transfer of selenium from iron selenides to bio-available selenium （i.e., selenite and selenate） in the Se-rich environment.

关键词： high-level radioactive waste disposal ferroselite oxidative dissolution second-order rate law

Molecular survey of tick-borne pathogens in Ixodid ticks collected from hunted wild animals in Tuscany, Italy

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第9期8卷 702-705页

作者： Valentina Virginia Ebani fabrizio Bertelloni Barbara Turchi Dario Filogari Domenico Cerri Department of Veterinary Science University of Pisa

Objective: To determine the prevalence of zoonotic tick-borne bacteria in feeding ticks removed from hunted wild animals. Methods: PCR was executed on DNA extracted from 77 tick pools to detect Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsia spp. Results: A total of 432 ticks were collected: 30(6.94%) Haemaphysalis punctata, 72(16.7%) Dermacentor marginatus and 330(76.38%) Ixodes ricinus. For each animal one or two pools of 3 ticks of the same species was constituted. Seventy-seven tick pools were examined by PCR: 58(75.32%) resulted infected and among them 14(18.18%) showed co-infections. In particular, 29(37.66%) pools were positive for Bartonella spp., 23(29.87%) for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, 16(20.78%) for Rickettsia spp., and 5(6.49%) for Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. All samples were negative for Coxiella burnetii. Conclusions: The results demonstrate the presence of several zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in the studied area, and underline the risk of exposure to infections for hunters not only during the outdoor activity, but also when they manipulate hunted animals infested by infected ticks.

关键词： Ixodid ticks Tick-borne bacteria Wild animals PCR Hunters

Occurrence of Escherichia coli virulence genes in feces of wild birds from Central Italy

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第3期12卷 142-146页

作者： fabrizio Bertelloni Errica Lunardo Guido Rocchigiani Renato Ceccherelli Valentina Viginia Ebani Department of Veterinary Science University of Pisa CRUMA-LIPU

Objective: To investigate the potential role of wild birds as fecal spreaders of enteropathogenic,enterohemorrhagic and Shiga-toxins producing Escherichia coli(E. coli),enteropathogenic E. coli,enterohemorrhagic E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains. Methods: Fecal samples collected from 121 wild birds of different orders and species were submitted to molecular analyses. In particular,eaeA encoding intimin,hlyA encoding for hemolysin,stx1 and stx2 genes encoding Shiga-toxins 1 and 2,respectively,were investigated. Results: Overall,21(17.35%) fecal samples resulted positive for at least one of the investigated genes. In detail,12(9.91%) samples were positive for eaeA,10(8.26%) for stx1,4(3.31%) for hylA and 1(0.83%) for stx2. An owl(Athene noctua) positive for the four investigated genes suggesting that it harbored a STEC strain. However,virulence genes characterizing EPEC,and EHEC strains were mainly found among seagulls,waterfowl and feral pigeons. Conclusions: Seagulls,waterfowl and feral pigeons,which frequently reach and contaminate rural,urban and peri-urban areas with their droppings,may be important sources of E. coli infection for other animals and humans.

关键词： Wild birds Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Shiga-toxins producing Escherichia coli

Risk factors for postoperative bile leakage:a retrospective single-center analysis of 411 hepatectomies

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第1期15卷 81-86页

作者： fabrizio Panaro Lisa Hacina Hassan Bouyabrine Al-Warith Al-Hashmi Astrid Herrero Francis Navarro Department of General and Liver Transplant Surgery Montpellier University HospitalCollege of Medicine

BACKGROUND： The primary focus of the study was to ana- lyze the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy for be- nign or malignant tumors. METHODS： A total of 411 patients who had undergone hepa- tectomy between December 2006 and December 2011 were ret- rospectively analyzed. The severity of bile leakage was graded according to the ISGLS classification. Twenty-eight pre- and postoperative parameters were analyzed. RESULTS： The overall bile leakage incidence was 10.2% （42/411）. The severity of the leakage was classified according to the IS- GLS classification. Bile leakage was detected early in case of abdominal drainage （11.4% vs 1.9%, P=0.034）. It prolonged the time of hospitalization （16 vs 9 days, P=0.001）. In all patients, wedge resection was associated with a higher incidence of bile leakage in contrast to anatomical resections （25.6% vs 4.1%, P〈0.0001） regardless of the underlying liver disease. Furthermore, total vascular exclusion increased risk of bile leakage （P=0.008）. CONCLUSIONS： Bile leakage as a major issue after hepatic resection is related to the postoperative morbidity and the hospitalization time. It is associated with non-anatomical re- section and a total vascular exclusion.

关键词： liver resection bile leakage wedge total vascular exclusion

Different modalities of arterial reconstruction in hepatic retransplantation using right partial graft

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第26期15卷 3322-3323页

作者： Salvatore Gruttadauria fabrizio di Francesco Marco Spada Mariapina Milazzo Bruno Gridelli Mediterranean Institute for Transplant and Advanced Specialized Therapies University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in Italy

Though split-liver and living-related transplantation are routinely performed,they are done almost exclusively for primary liver transplantation because of potential surgical *** difficulties are generally related to arterial revascularization,particularly if there is hepatic artery *** to UNOS data,of the hepatic retransplantations performed between 1996 and 2007,only 8.7% were done using right or extended right grafts from deceased donors,and 14.3% using right grafts from live *** we report our experience with 5 hepatic retransplantations in which right partial grafts resulting from conventional in situ splits,and one right lobe resulting from an adult-toadult living-related transplant,were successfully used with different modalities of graft arterialization.

关键词： Hepatic artery Liver transplantation Split liver Living related transplantation Hepatic retransplantation