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In vitro gastrointestinal digestion study of two wheat cultivars and evaluation of xylanase supplementation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第3期6卷 355-368页

作者： Mickael Lafond Bernard Bouza Sandrine Eyrichine Friedrich Rouffineau Luc saulnier Thierry Giardina Estelle Bonnin Aurélie Preynat iSm2-BiosCiences UMR 7313 Aix Marseille Université Adisseo France S.A.S. Centre d'Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition INRA UR 1268-BiopolymeresInteractions-Assemblages

Background： The filamentous fungus Talaromyces versatifis is known to improve the metabolizable energy of wheat- based poultry diets thanks to its ability to produce a pool of CAZymes and particularly endo-β（1,4）-xylanases. In order to appreciate their in vivo mode of action, the supplementation effect of two of its xylanases, XynD and XynB from families GH10 and GHll respectively, have been evaluated on two different wheat cultivars Caphorn and Isengrain, which were chosen amongst 6 varieties for their difference in non starch polysaccharides content and arabinoxylan composition. Results： Polysaccharides digestion was followed during 6 h along the digestive tract using the TNO gastrointestinal model-1, to mimic monogastric metabolism. Polysaccharide degradation appeared to occur mainly at the jejunal level and was higher with Isengrain than with Caphorn. For both cultivars, XynD and XynB supplementation increased notably the amount of reducing end sugars into the jejuno-ileal dialysates, which has been confirmed by a valuable increase of the soluble glucose into the jejunal dialysates. Conclusions： The amounts of arabinose and xylose into the dialysates and ileal deliveries increased consequently mainly for Caphorn, suggesting that XynD and XynB supplementation in wheat-based diet could alleviate the anti-nutritional effects of arabinoxylans by limiting the physical entrapment of starch and could increase the available metabolizable energy.

关键词： in vitro TNO gastrointestinal model-1 Talaromyces versatilis Wheat cultivars XynB XynD

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Challenges with Disaster Mortality Data and Measuring Progress Towards the Implementation of the Sendai Framework

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第4期10卷 449-461页

作者： Helen K.Green Oliver Lysaght Dell D.saulnier Kevin Blanchard Alistair Humphrey Bapon Fakhruddin Virginia Murray Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK Department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska Institutet17177 StockholmSweden Canterbury District Health Board Christchurch 8140New Zealand Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Resilience Tonkin+TaylorAuckland 1141New Zealand

Disasters exact a heavy toll ***,the degree to which we can accurately quantify their impact,in particular mortality,remains *** is critical to ensure that disaster data reliably reflects the scale,type,and distribution of disaster impacts given the role of data in:(1)risk assessments;(2)developing disaster risk management programs;(3)determining the resources for response to emergencies;(4)the types of action undertaken in planning for prevention and preparedness;and(5)identifying research *** Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 s seven global disaster-impact reduction targets represent the first international attempt to systematically measure the effectiveness of disaster-impact reduction as a means of better informing policy with *** A of the Sendai Framework aims to‘‘substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030,aiming to lower the average per 100,000 global mortality rate in the decade 2020–2030 compared to the period 2005–2015.’’This article provides an overview of the complexities associated with defining,reporting,and interpreting disaster mortality data used for gauging success in meeting Target A,acknowledging different challenges for different types of hazard events and subsequent *** concludes with suggestions of how to address these challenges to inform the public health utility of monitoring through the Sendai Framework.

关键词： Data Disaster mortality Disaster risk management Disaster risk reduction Mass casualty Sendai Framework

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The Simultaneous Repression Of CCR and CAD, Two Enzymes of the Lignin Biosynthetic Pathway, Results in Sterility and Dwarfism in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 70-82页

作者： Johanne Thevenin Brigitte Pollet Bruno Letarnec Luc saulnier Lionel Gissot Alessandra Maia-Grondard Catherine Lapierre Lise Jouanin Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin (IJPB) INRA-AgroParisTech UMR1318 78026 Versailles Cedex France Unite de Recherche 1268 Biopolymeres Assemblages Interactions (BIA) INRA BP71627 44316 Nantes Cedex 03 France Laboratoire Commun de Cytologie et d'lmagerie Vegetale IJPB INRA-AgroParisTech UMR1318 78026 Versailles France Plateau technique de Chimie du vegetal IJPB INRA-AgroParisTech UMR1318 78026 Versailles France

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase （CCR） and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase （CAD） catalyze the last steps of mono- lignol biosynthesis. In Arabidopsis, one CCR gene （CCR1, Atlg15950） and two CAD genes （CAD C At3g19450 and CAD D At4g34230） are involved in this pathway. A triple cad c cad d ccrl mutant, named ccc, was obtained. This mutant displays a severe dwarf phenotype and male sterility. The lignin content in ccc mature stems is reduced to 50% of the wild-type level. In addition, stem lignin structure is severely affected, as shown by the dramatic enrichment in resistant inter-unit bonds and incorporation into the polymer of monolignol precursors such as coniferaldehyde, sinapaldehyde, and ferulic acid. Male sterility is due to the lack of lignification in the anther endothecium, which causes the failure of anther de- hiscence and of pollen release. The cc~ hypolignified stems accumulate higher amounts of flavonol glycosides, sinapoyl malate and feruloyl malate, which suggests a redirection of the phenolic pathway. Therefore, the absence of CAD and CCR, key enzymes of the monolignol pathway, has more severe consequences on the phenotype than the individual absence of each of them. Induction of another CCR （CCR2, Atlg80820） and another CAD （CAD1, At4g39330） does not compensate the absence of the main CCR and CAD activities. This lack of CCR and CAD activities not only impacts lignification, but also severely affects the development of the plants. These consequences must be carefully considered when trying to reduce the lignin content of plants in order to facilitate the lignocellulose-to-bioethanol conversion process.

关键词： Arabidopsis auxin Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase (CAD) Cinnamoyl CoA Reductase (CCR) cell wall dwarfism lignins phenolics sterility.

YM155 Inhibits Neuroblastoma Cell Migration and Survival <i>in Vitro</i>and Tumor Growth and Metastatic Burden in a Pre-Clinical Model

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第13期5卷 1289-1302页

作者： Heather M. Calderone Akshita Dutta Lauren Smith Alexandra Eckardt Ping Zhao Giselle saulnier Sholler Laboratory for Translational Neuroblastoma Research Van Andel Research Institute Grand Rapids USA Pediatric Oncology Translational Research Program Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital Grand Rapids USA Michigan State University College of Medicine Grand Rapids USA

Background: Neuroblastoma exhibits a high incidence of chromosomal translocations, the most common being the gain of a portion of the long arm of chromosome 17. This region includes the gene BIRC5/survivin, which is highly upregulated in neuroblastoma and correlates with poor prognosis. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis family of proteins and is involved in tumor cell survival and migration. YM155 is a small molecule inhibitor of survivin transcription and has shown efficacy in several cancer model systems both?in vitro?and?in vivo. Procedure: Cells were treated with YM155 and effects on migration, invasion, and apoptosis signaling were investigated?in vitro. Tumor burden was assessed in xenografted mice by measuring tumor volume and liver metastases. Results: Treatment with YM155 caused a dose-dependent decrease in survivin expression and induction of apoptosis. Lower concentrations of YM155 reduced cell migration and invasion by 15% - 50% which varied by cell line. In a xenograft model, YM155 treatment inhibited tumor growth by 25% - 70%, reduced metastatic burden in the liver by 50%, and prolonged animal survival. Conclusion: The data suggest YM155 as a possible therapeutic agent for metastatic neuroblastoma.

关键词： Neuroblastoma YM155 Survivin Metastasis Apoptosis

Inhibition of Neuroblastoma Cell Growth by Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and Bortezomib through Suppression of LIN28 and MYCN

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2017年第6期8卷 561-578页

作者： Maria E. Rich Ping Zhao Abhinav B. Nagulapally Jeffrey Bond Giselle L. saulnier Sholler Pediatric Oncology Research Program Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital Grand Rapids MI USA College of Human Medicine Michigan State University Grand Rapids MI USA

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common childhood cancer arising from the nervous system. Many high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) patients develop relapse after initial response to induction treatment and overall long term survival remains poor (less than 60%), emphasizing the need for new therapeutic approaches and more effective treatments. Combination therapies present a favorable approach to improve efficacy, decrease toxicity, and reduce development of drug resistance. Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) has shown promise in recent clinical trials as a therapeutic agent in treating HRNB. Proteasomes are known to play an important role in tumor cell growth. Bortezomib was the first proteasome inhibitor shown to have anticancer activity clinically. In this study we explore the mechanistic and therapeutic effects of the novel drug combination of DFMO and bortezomib in NB. Cell proliferation studies demonstrated synergistic inhibition of NB cell growth. Bortezomib induced cleaved caspase-3 apoptotic pathway whereas DFMO induced a cytostatic effect on NB cells. Western blot analyses demonstrated down regulation of MYCN, LIN28 and NF-kB in response to DFMO and bortezomib, pathways that are important in cancer stem cells. A decrease in ATP-per-cell when treated with combination therapy suggests inhibition of glycolytic metabolism in NB cells. DFMO as a single agent or in combination with bortezomib significantly reduced tumor growth in xenograft mice. Given the lack of effective treatments, DFMO coupled with bortezomib offers a potential new therapeutic treatment for children with NB.

关键词： Neuroblastoma DFMO Bortezomib LIN28B Glycolytic Metabolism

在扩频接收机中使用判决反馈技术实现自适应干扰抑制

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计算机与网络 1992年第Z1期 41-48页

作者： Biren Shah Gary J.saulnier 辛国平

本文对三种用于扩频接收机的LMS(最小均方值)自适应干扰抑制器的性能进行了比较.该抑制器与直接序列(DS)扩频技术相结合能更好地抑制干扰,除无判决反馈的单输入 LMS自适应干扰抑制器外,我们还对带有判决反馈的LMS自适应抑制器进行了评价... 详细信息

本文对三种用于扩频接收机的LMS(最小均方值)自适应干扰抑制器的性能进行了比较.该抑制器与直接序列(DS)扩频技术相结合能更好地抑制干扰,除无判决反馈的单输入 LMS自适应干扰抑制器外,我们还对带有判决反馈的LMS自适应抑制器进行了评价,描述了误码事,分析了收敛特性,结果表明,在某些情况下,有判决反馈的自适应干扰抑制器的性能优于无判决反馈的自适应干扰抑制器.

关键词：自适应滤波器 LMS 判决反馈自动要求重复扩频接收机抑制器自适应干扰抑制

美国、欧洲和日本发达国家速冻食品市场分析(英文)

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美国、欧洲和日本发达国家速冻食品市场分析(英文)

21世纪中国食品冷藏链大会暨速冻食品发展研讨会

作者： MR.JOhn M.saulnier

The frozen food industry in developed countries has come a long way since the tracking of volume and value began in the United States back in 1942, At that time total commercial output-including reprocessed imports sold in the USA-was 623,000,000 pounds worth $162,000,000 Commodity fruits and vegetables dominated the market, accounting for 490,000,000 tons.

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(Hg,Zn)Te红外探测器首次研制成功

红外技术 1987年第3期 27-29页

作者： R. Triboulet T. Le Floch J. saulnier 尹敏

用移动熔区法生长的(Hg,Zn)Te晶体制成了光伏探测器。本文首次介绍并讨论了此探测器的特征。

关键词：红外探测器 IR 探测器实验设备光伏探测器 Hg,Zn)Te Zn 探测率退火条件光电二极管截止波长

在直接序列接收机中借助最小均方自适应滤波器实现同步

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计算机与网络 1992年第Z1期 49-53页

作者： Gary J.saulnier Sheau-Fang Lei P.Das 禄国法

已经证明,在直接序列扩展频谱接收机中,最小均方自适应滤波器是一种抑制窄带干扰的有效技术.大部分研究曾假设自适应滤波器可以获得完善的同步,即在干扰源抑制以前获得同步.遗憾地是由于干扰的影响,难于或根本不可能获得同步.本文介绍... 详细信息

已经证明,在直接序列扩展频谱接收机中,最小均方自适应滤波器是一种抑制窄带干扰的有效技术.大部分研究曾假设自适应滤波器可以获得完善的同步,即在干扰源抑制以前获得同步.遗憾地是由于干扰的影响,难于或根本不可能获得同步.本文介绍一种接收机结构,它在自适应干扰源抑制之后能获得同步,并反馈到抑制滤波器.已指出的误码率的效果,证明了延迟锁定环连同自适应滤波器在单音干扰中的性能.这些性能效果与那些具有正确完善同步的自适应滤波器性能效果相似.

关键词：最小均方自适应滤波器窄带干扰电磁干扰延迟锁相环