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Exploring the size of Andean condor foraging groups along an altitudinal and latitudinal gradient in the Tropical Andes: Ecological and conservation implications

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 225-232页

作者： Diego Mendez f.lix hernan vargas Joséhernan Sarasola Pedro P.Oleaa Departamento de Ecologia Universidad Autonoma de MadridCalle Darwin 228049MadridSpain Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Calle 26 s/nCota CotaLa PazBolivia The Peregrine fund 5668 West Flying Hawk LaneBoiseID 83709USA Centro para el Estudio y Conservacion de Aves Rapaces en Argentina(CECARA) Universidad Nacional de La PampaAvda Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Instituto de las Ciencias Ambientales y de la Tierra de La Pampa(INCITAP-CONICET) Avda.Uruguay 1516300 Santa RosaLa PampaArgentina Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridCalle Darwin 228049Madrid Snain

Patterns of variation in the size of vulture foraging groups,and their ecological causes and consequences,remain litle explored despite strong links with the carrion recycling service that this key functional group *** documented the group size-frequency pattern of Andean con-dors Vultur gryphus gathered to feed on 42 equine carcasses experimentally placed in Bolivia,between 2012 and 2019,along an elevation range of 1,300-4,500 m *** on the location(altitude and latitude)of the foraging groups,we examined the relationship between their size and species'population parameters(size and trend),habitat conditions,and livestock carcass availability and *** utilized a high frequency(93%)of carcasses forming groups that ranged from 1 to 80 individuals(mean=25,median=18)and shaped a"lazy-J curve"typical pattern of size-frequency distribution whereby few groups(5,12%)were large(>55 individuals)and most(21,50%)were relatively small(formed at lower sites(below c.3,000 m asl),likely following an altitudinal gradient whereby larger groups are more likely to form around larger carcasses(i.e.,cattle),which are more likely to occur at lower *** of population size,group size could be an adaptive response of condors via local enhancement for improving individual scavenging *** information gaps on this topic still exist,thus we provide a set of questions to address them,especially amidst the unrestricted impacts of human activities that condition vulture survival globally.

关键词： condor andino fusion-fission dynamics group size scavenger social foraging vultures.

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Inflow and outflow permeability tests in a very soft clay under low stresses

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3270-3283页

作者： J.W.S.vargas f.A.B.Danziger f.R.Lopes T.Lunne federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Norwegian Geotechnical Institute OsloNorway

In situ inflow and outflow permeability tests with the BAT probe at SarapuíII soft clay test site are presented.A description of the BAT permeability test is provided,discussing its advantages and shortcomings,especially in the case of very soft clays under low *** pressures were monitored during probe installation and were found to be slightly lower than piezocone u2 pore pressures,consistent with the position of the *** role of filter tip saturation was investigated after the usual saturation procedure provided an unsatisfactory pore pressure response during probe *** show that the vacuum saturation procedure provides adequate response during installation and increases the reliability of the coefficient of permeability determination in early *** inflow and outflow tests yielded similar results,indicating that careful execution of the test can lead to good test repeatability regardless of the loading *** sequences of alternated inflow and outflow tests have yielded similar results,indicating that soil reconsolidation and filter clogging were negligible in the tests *** are presented concerning the relationship between index parameters and the in situ coefficient of permeability for SarapuíII clay,which plot outside the range of existing databases.

关键词： Permeability test Soft clay BAT probe Inflow and outflow tests

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Stress tensors and quantification of fracture patterns to analyze connectivity and potential fluid flow in a mesa landform of the Northern Andes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 271-291页

作者： GARCÍA-ARIAS Sergio VELANDIA francisco ALVAREZ Angélica SANABRIA-GÓMEZ JoséD TARAZONA Yessenia vargas María Camila Escuela de Geología Universidad Industrial de SantanderCra.27 Calle 9BucaramangaColombia Escuela de física Universidad Industrial de SantanderCra.27 Calle 9BucaramangaColombia

This work applies stress tensors inversions and quantification of fracture patterns along the Mesa de Los Santos, in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, to better understand the potential fluid flow. It thus contributes to the conceptual hydrogeological model. The area was subdivided into three blocks, separated by the NW Potreros and the Los Santos faults, having minor inner faults of different orientations. This separation facilitates the analysis of the fractures measured in the field, which in general show high dip angles and a conjugate geometry in the northern block, tension fractures(Mode I) in the central block, and a random distribution in the southwestern block. WinTensor treatment of slickensides yielded a maximum horizontal stress(SHmax) of 111o, which coincides with the WNW-ESE tensor observed from the conjugate and tension joints. We then used frac Pa Q to generate interpolation maps of fracture intensity and density. The maps show the highest values in the central block and the lowest in the northern block,where the precipitation is higher, causing intensive rock weathering and homogenization of the fracture planes. Although the highest values of connectivity by line are found to the south of the mesa, we suggest the possibility of greater flow from the recharge zone(NE) along bedding planes and open NW-SE fractures.

关键词： Mesa de Los Santos Colombia Win-Tensor fracPaQ Strike-slip faults fractured aquifers

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A new look at the first dinosaur discovered in Antarctica: reappraisal of Antarctopelta oliveroi(Ankylosauria: Parankylosauria)

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年

作者： Sergio SOTO ACU?A Alexander O.vargas Jonatan KALUZA Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Red Paleontológica U-Chile Departamento de Biología facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile fundación de Historia Natural f.lix de Azara Universidad Maimónides Escuela de Geología facultad de Ciencias Ingeniería y Tecnología Universidad Mayor Providencia

The first dinosaur discovered in the Antarctic continent was the ankylosaur Antarctopelta oliveroi in the 1980s. Nevertheless， since then several hypotheses of phylogenetical relationships have been proposed because these have been depended on how the skeletal remains have been interpreted. The main obstacle for clarifying its phylogenetic position is that many portions of the skeleton remain unknown， in addition to the presence of unknown characters in typical ankylosaurs. Considered an ankylosaurid， nodosaurid， or even a chimaera， a recent proposal based on mostly complete material of a new ankylosaur from Chilean Patagonia provided support for a novel phylogenetic hypothesis: Antarctopelta and other southern ankylosaurs are an early branching clade， the Parankylosauria， whose origin probably dates to the Late Jurassic. In the light of this new view， a redescription of the available skeletal remains is provided together with a new reconstruction of the first Antarctic dinosaur known to the science community.

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A new look at the first dinosaur discovered in Antarctica:reappraisal of Antarctopelta oliveroi(Ankylosauria:Parankylosauria)

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 78-107页

作者： Sergio SOTO ACUÑA Alexander Ovargas Jonatan KALUZA Red Paleontológica U-Chile Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ChileÑuñoa 7800003Chile Escuela de Geología Facultad de CienciasIngeniería y TecnologíaUniversidad MayorProvidenciaSantiago 7500994Chile fundación de Historia Natural f.lix de Azara Universidad MaimónidesBuenos Aires C1405Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina

The first dinosaur discovered in the Antarctic continent was the ankylosaur Antarctopelta oliveroi in the ***,since then several hypotheses of phylogenetical relationships have been proposed because these have been depended on how the skeletal remains have been *** main obstacle for clarifying its phylogenetic position is that many portions of the skeleton remain unknown,in addition to the presence of unknown characters in typical *** an ankylosaurid,nodosaurid,or even a chimaera,a recent proposal based on mostly complete material of a new ankylosaur from Chilean Patagonia provided support for a novel phylogenetic hypothesis:Antarctopelta and other southern ankylosaurs are an early branching clade,the Parankylosauria,whose origin probably dates to the Late *** the light of this new view,a redescription of the available skeletal remains is provided together with a new reconstruction of the first Antarctic dinosaur known to the science community.

关键词： Antarctic Peninsula Biogeographic Weddellian Province Parankylosauria Antarctopelta

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Vigorous,but differential mononuclear cell response of cirrhotic patients to bacterial ligands

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1317-1325页

作者： Varenka J Barbero-Becerra María Concepción Gutiérrez-Ruiz Carmen Maldonado-Bernal f.lix I Téllez-Avila Roberto Alfaro-Lara florencia vargas-Vorácková Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicasy Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Laboratorio de fisiología Celular División de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosasy Parasitarias Hospital de Pediatría Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez

AIM: To study the role of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the pathogenesis of liver injury, specifically the activation of inflammatory mediators. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 out-patients were studied, 10 of them with *** blood mononuclear cells were isolated and exposed to lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid. CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression was determined by flow cytometry, and tumor necrosis factor (TNf) α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 secretion in supernatants was determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Higher CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression was observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cirrhotic patients, (P further increase in CD14 expression (P f TNfα, absolute cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was lower in cirrhotic patients under nonexposure conditions (P f peripheral blood mononuclear cells was similar in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, determining a more vigorous response in the former (P fα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2 and IL-10 lipopolysaccharide; P fα; P f peripheral blood mononuclear cells was more intense after lipopolysaccharide than after lipoteichoic acid exposure. CONCLUSION: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cirrhotic patients are able to respond to a sudden bacterial ligand exposure, particularly lipopolysaccharide, suggestin

关键词：单核细胞肝硬化细菌性患者外周血单个核细胞 Toll样受体4 配体肿瘤坏死因子

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利用强子探针研究奇特原子核的点质子分布半径及强子探针效应

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1647-1652页

作者：张寂潮孙保华 Isao Tanihata Rituparna Kanungo Christoph Scheidenberger Satoru Terashima 王枫 frederic Ameil Joel Atkinson Yassid Ayyad Soumya Bagchi Dolores Cortina-Gil Iris Dillmann Alfredo Estradé Alexey Evdokimov fabio farinon Hans Geissel Giulia Guastalla Rudolf Janik Satbir Kaur Ronja Knöbel Jan Kurcewicz Yury Litvinov Michele Marta Magdalena Mostazo Ivan Mukha Chiara Nociforo Hooi Jin Ong Stephane Pietri Andrej Prochazka Branislav Sitar Peter Strmen Maya Takechi Junki Tanaka Jossitt vargas Helmut Weick John Stuart Winfield School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research Center for Nuclear Physics(RCNP) Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan Astronomy and Physics Department Saint Mary’s UniversityHalifax B3H 3C3Canada TRIUMf Vancouver V6T 4A3Canada GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt D-64291Germany Justus-Liebig University Gießn 35392Germany Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for fAIR(HfHf) GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion ResearchGießn 35392Germany Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostella E-15706Spain Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004India faculty of Mathematics and Physics Comenius UniversityBratislava 84215Slovakia Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada

We report the charge-changing cross sections(σ_(cc))of 24 p-shell nuclides on both hydrogen and carbon at about 900A MeV,of which^(8,9)Li,^(10–12)Be,^(10,14,15)B,^(14,15,17–22)N and^(16)O on hydrogen and^(8,9)Li on carbon are for the first *** from the data set,we found a new and robust relationship between the scaling factor of the Glauber model calculations and the separation energies of the nuclei of interest on both *** allows us to deduce proton radii(R_p)for the first time from the cross sections on *** identical R_p values are deduced from both target data for the neutron-rich carbon isotopes;however,the R_p from the hydrogen target is systematically smaller in the neutron-rich nitrogen *** calls for further experimental and theoretical investigations.

关键词： Exotic nuclei Nuclear size Reaction cross section Glauber model Radioactive ion beam

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Rostrum abnormalities in the endangered Indian Ocean humpback dolphin(Sousa plumbea)in South Africa

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 616-629页

作者： Guilherme fRAINER Simon ELWEN Sasha DINES Bridget JAMES Els VERMEULEN Gwenith PENRY OAlejandra vargas-fONSECA Shanan ATKINS Danielle CONRY Tess GRIDLEY Centre for Statistics in Ecology Environment and ConservationUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa Sea Search Research and Conservation Cape TownSouth Africa Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa Mammal Research Institute Whale Unit Faculty of Natural and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Institute for Coastal and Marine Research Nelson Mandela UniversityGqeberhaSouth Africa Department of Oceanography Nelson Mandela UniversityGqeberhaSouth Africa Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Mammal Research Institute Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

Morphological abnormalities in wild animals can be indicators of the underlying health of a population and may be determined through routine photographic ***,we assess unusual rostrum conditions in Indian Ocean humpback dolphins(Sousa plumbea)inhabiting South African coastal waters to understand the rate of prevalence of abnormal rostrums and formulate hypotheses on potential *** data were collated from sys-tematic boat surveys and opportunistic sightings,obtained between April 1998 and March 2021 in various regions along the South African ***,31 unique individuals were found with abnormal rostrum conditions,vary-ing from slight misalignments to severe wounds and/or aberrant *** most cases,injuries were likely caused by natural events during the animal’s life history such as interactions with sharks and/or reef-associated hunting ***–recapture data indicated that individuals had survived with these injuries for up to 10 *** study reports the highest incidence of rostrum abnormalities in the *** numbers reﬂect only those that have survived their injuries,they are considered a minimum estimate.A better understanding of the cause(s)of these injuries is important given the endangered status of this species.

关键词： endangered species human impacts injuries mark-recapture natural history

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Linear Biseparating Maps between Vector-valued Little Lipschitz function Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第6期26卷 1005-1018页

作者： A. JIMENEZ-vargas Ya-Shu WANG Departamento de Algebra y Andlisis Matemdtico Universidad de Almerla 04120 Almerla Spain Department of Applied Mathematics National Sun Yet-Sen University 804 Kaohsinug Taiwan

In this paper we provide a complete description of linear biseparating maps between spaces lip0（X^a, E） of Banach-valued little Lipschitz functions vanishing at infinity on locally com-pact HSlder metric spaces X^a=（X,dx^a） with 0〈a〈***, it is proved that any linear bijection T ： lip0（X^a,E）→lip0（Y^a,f）satisfying that ｜｜Tf（y）｜｜f｜｜Tg（y）｜｜f= 0 for all y ∈ Y if and only if ｜｜f（x）｜｜E｜｜g（x）｜｜E=0 for all x E X, is a weighted composition operator of the form Tf（y） = h（y）（f（φ（y）））, where φ is a homeomorphism from Y onto X and h is a map from Y into the set of all linear bijections from E onto f. Moreover, T is continuous if and only if h（y） is continuous for all y ∈ Y. In this case, φ becomes a locally Lipschitz homeomorphism and h a locally Lipschitz map from Y^a into the space of all continuous linear bijections from E onto f with the metric induced by the operator canonical norm. This enables us to study the automatic continuity of T and the existence of discontinuous linear biseparating maps.

关键词： linear biseparating map little Lipschitz function Banach-Stone theorem automatic continuity

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fast magnitude determination using a single seismological station record implementing machine learning techniques

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第1期9卷 34-41页

作者： Luis H.Ochoa Luis f.Nino Carlos A.vargas Universidad Nacional de Colombia Carrera 45 N°26-85 Edificio Manuel Ancizar-Of:330BogotaColombia

In this work a Support Vector Machine Regression（SVMR） algorithm is used to calculate local magnitude（MI） using only five seconds of signal after the P wave onset of one three component seismic station. This algorithm was trained with 863 records of historical earthquakes, where the input regression parameters were an exponential function of the waveform envelope estimated by least squares and the maximum value of the observed waveform for each component in a single station. Ten-fold cross validation was applied for a normalized polynomial kernel obtaining the mean absolute error for different exponents and complexity parameters. The local magnitude（MI） could be estimated with 0.19 units of mean absolute error. The proposed algorithm is easy to implement in hardware and may be used directly after the field seismological sensor to generate fast decisions at seismological control centers, increasing the possibility of having an effective reaction.

关键词： Earthquake early warning Support Vector Machine Regression Earthquake Rapid response Local magnitude Seismic event Seismology Bogota Colombia

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