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Unlocking the power of tandem repeat variations to fine-tune rice phenotypes

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 297-298页

作者： kang Chong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The diversity of crop phenotypes is shaped by numerous genomic *** staple cereals like rice,lots of functional variants,including quantitative trait locus(QTLs),have been identified and used to improve various crop traits(yield,quality,architecture,etc.).To breed ideal crop cultivars for agricultural production,we need more and more precise modulation of phenotypes to obtain desirable *** the past decade,genome editing techniques have enabled us to precisely change crop genome sequences,and also functional variants[1],[2],[3].

关键词： cultivar cereal precise

failure rate analysis and maintenance plan optimization method for civil aircraft parts based on data fusion

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Chinese journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 306-324页

作者： kang CAO Yongjie ZHANG jianfei fENG School of Civil Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai 201210China

In the face of data scarcity in the optimization of maintenance strategies for civil aircraft,traditional failure data-driven methods are encountering challenges owing to the increasing reliability of aircraft *** study addresses this issue by presenting a novel combined data fusion algorithm,which serves to enhance the accuracy and reliability of failure rate analysis for a specific aircraft model by integrating historical failure data from similar models as supplementary *** a comprehensive analysis of two different maintenance projects,this study illustrates the application process of the *** upon the analysis results,this paper introduces the innovative equal integral value method as a replacement for the conventional equal interval method in the context of maintenance schedule *** Monte Carlo simulation example validates that the equivalent essential value method surpasses the traditional method by over 20%in terms of inspection efficiency *** discovery indicates that the equal critical value method not only upholds maintenance efficiency but also substantially decreases workload and maintenance *** findings of this study open up novel perspectives for airlines grappling with data scarcity,offer fresh strategies for the optimization of aviation maintenance practices,and chart a new course toward achieving more efficient and cost-effective maintenance schedule optimization through refined data analysis.

关键词： Small sample data Data fusion failure rate Maintenance planning Aircraft parts

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Thermal effects on wear behavior of additively manufactured NiTi shape memory alloys

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Chinese journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 147-164页

作者： Xianghui HUANG Nan kang Pei WANG Mohamed EL MANSORI Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology MSMPHESAM UniversitéChâlons-en-Champagne 51006France Henan Key Laboratory of High-Performance Carbon fiber Reinforced Composites Institute of Carbon Matrix CompositesHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450046China Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Institute for Manufacturing SystemsCollege StationTX 77843USA

NiTi alloys fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBf)additive manufacturing technology not only address the compositional instability resulting from complex processes but also solve the challenges of difficult machining of intricate aerospace ***,there are very few reports on the wear behavior of LPBf-NiTi *** the present work,the effects of microstructure and thermal treatment,including heat treatment and frictional heat,on the wear behavior of LPBf-NiTi alloy and 100Cr6 ball were analyzed through a series of tribological experiments with different sliding *** the average sliding speed increases(0.079–0.216 m/s),the wear rate of the as-built and heat-treated samples tends to decrease in the range of 2.69×10^(-3)–0.97×10^(-3)mm^(3)/*** the heat-treated LPBf-NiTi alloy is 46%harder than the as-built alloy is,the latter has a higher toughness(505 Mj/m^(3))and greater transformation strain of SIM(0.097).This leads to a coupling effect of heat treatment and sliding speed on the wear *** addition,the wear track morphologies under different sliding speeds are asymmetric due to the 24% greater acceleration at the far end from the motor and the 2.15 mm deviation between the maximum speed position and the geometric center of the *** wear modes of the as-built and heat-treated samples included adhesive,abrasive and delamination ***,the wear morphologies and dominant wear modes change with the frictionally caused heat release induced by the sliding speed.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Laser powder bed fusion NiTi alloys Wear resistance Sliding speed

Stabilizing water and regulating interfacial electrostatic interaction with economical supporting salt for stable Zn metal anode

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 429-436页

作者： Yiqun Du Rongkai kang Boya Zhang Han Wang jianxin Zhang School of Material Science & Engineering University of Jinan Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University

Developing rechargeable aqueous Zn batteries for large-scale energy storage is impeded by inadequate reversibility and stability of the Zn anode,primarily caused by parasitic reactions and heterogeneous *** study proposes an economical electrolyte strategy to address these Zn-related *** addition of a supporting salt enhances the thermodynamic stability of water,reduces the number of highly reactive water molecules,and modulates the interfacial electrostatic *** approach effectively suppresses hydrogen evolution reaction and uncontrolled ***,the rationally proportioned electrolyte allows a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.93% for 1000 cycles in a Zn‖Cu battery and a prolonged lifespan exceeding 4800 h in Zn‖Zn *** knock-on effect is that Zn‖MnO2pouch cells deliver stable cycling performance,demonstrating the viability of this approach for practical applications.

关键词： Aqueous electrolyte Hydrogen bond Sodium citrate Solvation structure Zn anode

Microstructural evolution during tempering process and mechanical properties of Cr-Ni-Mo-V/Nb high strength steel

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journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 270-281页

作者： Zi-wei Lv jing fan Rui Wang Zhi-qiang Yu Yan kang Yong Hu Lei-feng Tuo jürgen Eckert Zhi-jie Yan School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051ShanxiChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Metal Materials for Special Environments North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051ShanxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesLeoben 8700Austria Department of Materials Science Chair of Materials PhysicsMontanuniversitat LeobenLeoben 8700Austria

High strength steels exhibit superior mechanical properties due to the unique microstructure,which successfully solves the drawback of the inevitable strength-toughness trade-off that occurs in traditional *** we investigated the effect of matrix and precipitates on mechanical properties of Cr-Ni-Mo-V/Nb steel after water quenching and tempering(150-500℃).The results showed that the microstructure of the present steel is noticeably tuned by changing the tempering *** excellent combination of strength(a yield strength of 1308 MPa with a total elongation of 8.2%)and toughness(Charpy V-notch impact toughness of 40.5 j/cm^(2))is obtained upon tempering at 200℃.This is attributed to the lath martensite containing high dislocation density,the martensite-twin substructure,and the strengthening effects of the precipitated needle-likeε-carbides and spherical VC *** acicularε-carbides are replaced by the rod-shaped fe_(3)C at the tempering temperature of 350℃,resulting in the remarkable deterioration in strength,hardness,and *** carbides formed at a tempering temperature of 500℃ are beneficial to the enhancement of the elongation and toughness,but the strength decreases due to the matrix softening caused by the recovery of dislocation.

关键词： High strength steel Tempering Microstructure Carbide Mechanical property

The controlled oxidation states of the H4PMo11VO40 catalyst induced by plasma for the selective oxidation of methacrolein

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第02期36卷 189-194页

作者： Gang Hu Chun Wang Qinqin Wang Mingyuan Zhu Lihua kang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering Shihezi University College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Yantai University

In this paper,low-temperature dielectric-blocked discharge plasma （DBD） was employed for the first time to treat silica-doped H4PMo11VO40（HPAV） catalysts (DBD（Ar/x）-Mf-Catal) and apply them in the catalytic methacrolein （MAL） selective oxidation to produce methacrylic acid （MAA）.This work investigates in detail the controllable regulation of the concentration of oxidation states on silica-doped HPAV catalysts by adjusting the DBD discharge with controlled changes in voltage,current,treatment time,and treatment *** reports the intrinsic correlation between oxidation states and MAL oxidation *** research results indicated that the catalytic performance was related to the presence of oxygen vacancies and oxygen species (VO2+),and are the main reason for the selective oxidation of MAL to ***,the generation of oxygen vacancies and VO2+altered localized electrons,which resulted in the easier activation of *** calculations of DfT also proved the formation mechanism of oxygen vacancies and VO2+and electron properties on high-performance polymers,which elucidated the intrinsic influence of catalyst *** DBD（Ar/10）-Mf-Catal catalysts with suitable VO2+and oxygen vacancy concentrations exhibited the highest catalytic performance with 90%MAL conversion and 70%MAA selectivity and showed good stability （500 h）.

关键词： Catalyst Dopant Methacrolein Methacrylic acid Oxygen vacancy Plasma

Internal transcribed spacer sequencing to explore the intrinsic composition of fungal communities in fungal esophagitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第7期31卷 26-38页

作者： Yi-kang Song Lin Zheng Ai-Xin Liu jun-ji Ma Department of Gastroenterology The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityHebei Key Laboratory of GastroenterologyHebei Institute of GastroenterologyHebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive DiseasesShijiazhuang050000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND fungal esophagitis(fE)is caused by fungal invasion of the esophageal *** endoscopy,the esophageal mucosa shows edema,congestion,erosion,and ulceration,and bleeds easily when touched,and the surface of the mucosa is covered with small white spots like"bean curd residue".Clinical cases showing typical fE under endoscopic imaging but negative esophageal mucosal brush(referred to as suspected fE)have increased the difficulty and challenge of clinical diagnosis and *** present,the esophageal fungal flora of suspected case has not been thoroughly *** To characterize the fungal flora in fE,suspected fE,and the esophageal normal controls(NCs),and to identify marker species to improve detection of *** This was a case-control study.A total of 19 patients with fE,16 with suspected fE,and 10 NCs were selected by *** esophageal cell brush samples of each group were sequenced by internal transcribed spacer(ITS)1 and analyzed by *** In fE and suspected fE patients,species richness,species diversity and species evenness,as measured by the Chao1 index,Shannon index and Pielou index,were lower than in the NCs,and the comparison between the fE and NCs was the most significant(Pf Candida in fE and suspected fE patients was significantly increased(Pf Yarrowia was significantly decreased(PfE group was significantly lower than in the NCs and suspected fE groups(Pfor Candida in fE and suspected fE patients was 99.5%(PfE patients,the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Candida in the esophageal flora of suspected fE patients was decreased,while the relative abundance of Yarrowia,Thermomyces and Pichia was *** ITS showed that composition of the fungal community was similar in the f

关键词： fungal microbiota Esophagitis Candida Yarrowia Biomarker

The advanced development of innovative photocatalytic coupling strategies for hydrogen production

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 80-91页

作者： Yuehai Zhi Chen Gu Huachao ji kang Chen Wenqi Gao jianmei Chen Dafeng Yan College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of flexible Electronics(future Technology) Nanjing 210023China Hubei Key Laboratory for Precision Synthesis of Small Molecule Pharmaceuticals&Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic functional Molecules&College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China

Photocatalytic technology harnesses solar energy to facilitate chemical transformations,presenting significant potential in energy generation and environmental ***,the conventional O_(2)evolution process is hindered by high reaction barriers and inefficiencies,which limit its widespread ***,exploring novel photocatalytic coupling strategies to replace water oxidation has become a key route to enhance the efficiency of H_(2)*** this review,organic pollutants removal and the valorization of organics as substitutes for water oxidation coupling strategies for photocatalytic H_(2)production are comprehensively *** strategies not only circumvent the high reaction barriers associated with O_(2)evolution to enhance the H_(2)production but also aid in the removing of organic pollutants or synthesis of value-added *** also present future research directions and underscore the significance of advanced catalyst design,in-depth analysis of reaction mechanisms,and systematic optimization strategies in realizing an efficient and sustainable photocatalytic *** guidance is anticipated to provide theoretical and practical new insights for the future development of photocatalytic coupling reactions,fostering further explorations in the realm of renewable energy and environmental governance.

关键词： Photocatalysis Pollutants removal Valorization of organics Catalyst design

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Generalized Tur′an number for edge blow-up of paths and cycles

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2025年

作者： Yuan Pei WANG Li Ying kang Department of Mathematics Shanghai University Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai University

Given a graph H and an integer p≥2,the edge blow-up graph Hp+1of H is the graph obtained by replacing each edge in H with a clique of order p+1,where the new vertices of the cliques are all *** generalized Tur′an number ex（n,Km,f） denote the maximum number of copies of Kmin an n-vertex f-free *** Ctand Ptdenote the cycle and path with t vertices,*** this paper,we obtain the generalized Tur′an numbers ex(n,Km,Pp+1_t),ex(n,Km,Cp+1_t)and characterize the unique graph for Pp+1_tand Cp+1_trespectively,when t≥3,p≥m≥3 and n is sufficiently large.

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