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solder size Effect on Early stage Interfacial Intermetallic Compound Evolution in Wetting Reaction of sn3.0Ag0.5Cu/ENEPIG joints

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journal of Materials science & Technology 2015年第3期31卷 252-256页

作者： M.L.Huang f.Yang Electronic Packaging Materials Laboratory School of Materials Science & Engineering Dalian University of Technology

solder size effect on early stage interfacial intermetallic compound(IMC) evolution in wetting reaction between sne3.0Age0.5Cu solder balls and electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold(ENEPIG) pads at 250 C was investigated. The interfacial IMCs transformed from initial needle- and rodtype(Cu,Ni)6sn5to dodecahedron-type(Cu,Ni)6sn5and then to needle-type(Ni,Cu)3sn4at the early interfacial reaction stage. Moreover, these IMC transformations occurred earlier in the smaller solder joints, where the decreasing rate of Cu concentration was faster due to the Cu consumption by the formation of interfacial(Cu,Ni)6sn5. On thermodynamics, the decrease of Cu concentration in liquid solder changed the phase equilibrium at the interface and thus resulted in the evolution of interfacial IMCs; on kinetics, larger solder joints had sufficient Cu flux toward the interface to feed the(Cu,Ni)6sn5growth in contrast to smaller solder joints, thus resulted in the delayed IMC transformation and the formation of larger dodecahedron-type(Cu,Ni)6sn5grains. In smaller solders, no spalling but the consumption of(Cu,Ni)6sn5grains by the formation of(Ni,Cu)3sn4grains occurred where smaller discrete(Cu,Ni)6sn5grains formed at the interface.

关键词： size effect Lead-free solder Interfacial reaction

Effect of Colouring Process on Pitting susceptibility of Austenitic stainless steel

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journal of Materials science & Technology 2008年第3期24卷 400-406页

作者： s.s.Mahmoud M.M.Ahmed Chemistry Department University College of Girls for ArtsScience and EducationAin Shams University

Colouring of the austenitic stainless steel alloy （20.45% Cr, 8.57% Ni） was carried out in NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic melt without and with additions of Na2O2, NaCl and their mixtures at different temperatures ranging from 400-600℃, under open-circuit and galvanostatic anodic polarization conditions. The produced colours greatly depend on the thickness of oxide films, which in turn depends on the composition of the molten bath and its temperature. The more attractive, bright, adherent and uniform coloured oxide films can be obtained at 400, 450 and 500℃ in molten nitrate bath containing NaCl and Na2O2 mixtures. The pitting corrosion susceptibility of the coloured oxide films was tested in feCl3 and NaCl as corrosive media. The obtained results indicate that the pitting corrosion susceptibility of the coloured oxide films greatly depends on the previous operating conditions of the colouring process of the stainless steel specimens such as the composition of molten bath, temperature and technique of colouring process.

关键词： stainless steel alloy Pitting corrosion Colouring processes

A comparison of artificial urinary sphincter outcomes after primary implantation and first revision surgery

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Asian journal of Urology 2021年第3期8卷 298-302页

作者： Kevin j.Hebert Brian j.Linder Griffin T.Morrisson Laureano Rangel Latuche Daniel s.Elliott Department of Urology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Health sciences Research Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Objective:The artificial urinary sphincter(AUs)is the gold standard for severe male stress urinary incontinence,though evaluations of specific predictors for device outcomes are *** sought to compare outcomes between primary and revision AUs surgery for non-infectious ***:We identified 2045 consecutive AUs surgeries at Mayo Clinic(Rochester,MN,UsA)from 1983 to *** these,1079 were primary AUs implantations and 281 were initial revision surgeries,which comprised our study *** survival rates,including overall and specific rates for device infection/erosion,urethral atrophy and mechanical failure,were compared between primary AUs placements versus revision *** follow-up was obtained through office examination,written correspondence,or telephone ***:During the study period,1079(79.3%)patients had a primary AUs placement and 281(20.7%)patients underwent a first revision surgery for mechanical failure or urethral *** undergoing revision surgery were found to have adverse 1-and 5-year AUs device survival on Kaplan-Meier analysis,90%vs.85% and 74%vs.61%,respectively(pspecifically,revision surgery was associated with a significantly increased cumulative incidence of explantation for device infection/urethral erosion(4.2%vs.7.5%at 1 year;p=0.02),with similar rates of repeat surgery for mechanical failure(p=0.43)and urethral atrophy(p=0.77).Conclusions:Our findings suggest a significantly higher rate of overall device failure following revision AUs surgery,which is likely secondary to an increased rate of infection/urethral erosion events.

关键词： Artificial urinary sphincter Outcomes Revision Urinary incontinence Urethra Post prostatectomy incontinence

Indian plate paleogeography, subduction and horizontal underthrusting below Tibet: paradoxes, controversies and opportunities

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National science Review 2022年第8期9卷 175-193页

作者： Douwe j.j.van Hinsbergen Department of Earth sciences Utrecht University

The India–Asia collision zone is the archetype to calibrate geological responses to continent–continent collision, but hosts a paradox: there is no orogen-wide geological record of oceanic subduction after initial collision around 60–55 Ma, yet thousands of kilometers of post-collisional subduction occurred before the arrival of unsubductable continental lithosphere that currently horizontally underlies Tibet. Kinematically restoring incipient horizontal underthrusting accurately predicts geologically estimated diachronous slab break-off, unlocking the Miocene of Himalaya–Tibet as a natural laboratory for unsubductable lithosphere convergence. Additionally, three endmember paleogeographic scenarios exist with different predictions for the nature of post-collisional subducted lithosphere but each is defended and challenged based on similar data types. This paper attempts at breaking through this impasse by identifying how the three paleogeographic scenarios each challenge paradigms in geodynamics, orogenesis, magmatism or paleogeographic reconstruction and identify opportunities for methodological advances in paleomagnetism, sediment provenance analysis, and seismology to conclusively constrain Greater Indian paleogeography.

关键词： collision orogenesis subduction reconstruction Himalaya Tibet

Measurements of dihadron correlations relative to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at√^(s)NN=200 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 198-241页

作者： H.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed A.V.Alakhverdyants I.Alekseev j.Alford B.D.Anderson C.D.Anson D.Arkhipkin G.s.Averichev j.Balewski D.R.Beavis N.K.Behera R.Bellwied M.j.Betancourt R.R.Betts A.Bhasin A.K.Bhat H.Bichsel j.Bieleik j.Bielcikova B.Biritz L.C.Bland W.Borowski j.Bouchet E.Braidot A.V.Brandin A.Bridgeman s.G.Brovko E.Bruna s.Bueltmann I.Bunzarov T.P.Burton X.Z.Cai H.Caines M.Calderon de la Barca sanchez D.Cebra R.Cendejas M.C.Cervantes Z.Chajecki P.Chaloupka s.Chattopadhyay H.f.Chen j.H.Chen j.Y.Chen L.Chen j.Cheng M.Cherney A.Chikanian K.E.Choi W.Christie P.Chung M.j.M.Codrington R.Corliss j.G.Cramer H.j.Crawford s.Dash A.Davila Leyva L.C.De silvat R.R.Debbe T.G.Dedovich A.A.Derevschikov R.Derradi de souza L.Didenko P.Djawotho s.M.Dogra X.Dong j.L.Drachenberg j.E.Draper j.C.Dunlop L.G Efimov M.Elnim j.Engelage G Eppley M.Estienne L.Eun O.Evdokimov R.fatemi j.fedorisin A.feng R.G.fersch P.filip E.finch V.fine Y.fisyak C.A.Gagliardi D.R.Gangadharan A.Geromitsos f.Geurts P.Ghosh Y.N.Gorbunov A.Gordon O.Grebenyuk D.Grosnick s.M.Guertin A.Gupta W.Guryn B.Haag O.Hajkova A.Hamed L-X.Han j.W.Harris j.P.Hays-Wehle M.Heinz s.Heppelmann A.Hirsch E.Hjort G.W.Hoffmann D.j.Hofiman B.Huang H.Z.Huang T.j.Humanic L.Huo G.Igo P.jacobs W.W.jacobs C.jena f.jin j.joseph E.G.judd s.Kabana K.Kang j.Kapitan K.Kauder H.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan D.Kettler D.P.Kikola j.Kiryluk A.Kisiel V.Kizka A.G.Knospe D.D.Koetke T.Kollegger j.Konzer I.Koralt L.Koroleva W.Korsch L.Kotchenda V.Kouchpil P.Kravtsov K.Krueger M.Krus L.Kumar P.Kurnadi M.A.C.Lamont j.M.Landgraf s.LaPointe j.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky j.H.Lee W.Leight M.j.LeVine C.Lil L.Li N.Li W.Li X.Li X.Li Y.Li Z.M.Li M.A.Lisa f.Liu H.Liu j.Liu T.Ljubicic W.j.Llope R.s.Longacre W.A.Love Y.Lu E.V.Lukashov X.Luo G.L.Ma Y.G.Mai D.P.Mahapatra R.Majka O.I.Mall L.K.Mangotra R.Manweiler s.Margetis C.Markert H.Masui H.s.Matis Yu.A.Matulenko D.MeDonald T.s.Mcshane A.Meschanin R.Milner N.G.Minaev s.Mioduszewski A.Mischke M.K.Mitrovski B.Mohanty M.M.Mondal B.Morozov D.A.Morozov M.G.Munhoz M Argonne National Laboratory Argonnellinois 60439USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA University of Califomia BerkeleyCaliformnia 94720USA University of California DavisCalifornia 95616USA University of Califormnia Los AngelesCalifomia 90095USA Universidade Estadual de Campinas Sao PauloBrazil University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIlinois 60607USA Creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178USA Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague11519Czech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute As CR 25068 Rez/PragueCzech Republic University of frankfurt FrankfurtGermany Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar 751005India Indian Institute of Technology MumbaiIndia Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408USA Alikhanov Instiute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics MoscowRussia University of jammu Jammu 180001India joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Kent state University KentOhio 44242USA University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky40506-0055USA Institute of Modern Physics LanzhouChina Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139-4307USA Mx-Planck-Institut fir Physik MunichGermany Michigan state University East LansingMichigan 48824USA Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow Russia NIKHEf and Utrecht University AmsterdamThe Netherlands Ohio state University ColumbusOhio 43210USA Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529USA Panjab University Chandigarh 160014India PennsyIvania state University University ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Institute of High Energy Physics ProtvinoRussia Purdue University West LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Pusan National University PusanRepublic of Korea University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004India Rice University HoustonTexas 77251USA Universidade de sao Paulo Sao PauloBrazil University of science&Technology of China Hefei 230026.China shandong University JinanShandong 250100China shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai 201800Chi

Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at RHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,*** measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au *** modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching *** paper reports sTAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(s)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle *** subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are *** correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow *** away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger *** near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately *** correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from *** is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak *** dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open *** with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure

关键词： relativistic heavy ion collisions dihadron correlations jet-medium interactions anisotropic flow background event plane

Effect of high anodic polarization on the passive layer properties of superduplex stainless steel friction stir welds at different chloride electrolyte pH values and temperatures

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International journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第6期26卷 710-721页

作者： L.A.santa-Cruz G.Machado A.A.Vicente T.f.C.Hermenegildo T.f.A.santos Department of Mechanical Engineering Universidade Federal de PernambucoAv.da Arquiteturas/n50740-550RecifePEBrazil Center of Nanotechnology Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do NordesteCETENERecifePEBrazil Department of Chemical Engineering Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloSPBrazil

The conditions used for friction stir welding of duplex stainless steels determine the resulting mechanical and corrosion performance of the *** study investigates the corrosion resistance of UNs s32750 and s32760 superduplex stainless steels(sDsss)joined by friction stir welding,employing cyclic polarization,Mott–schottky,and microscopy techniques for *** microscopy images indicated the presence of a deleterious intermetallic phase after electrolytic etching of s32760,as well as decreased corrosion *** presence of molybdenum in the steels promoted better passive behavior at low *** Mott–schottky curves revealed p-n heterojunction behavior of the passive *** acquired after the polarization test by scanning electron microscopy showed higher passivation propensity with increases of temperature and pH.

关键词： superduplex stainless steel friction stir welding corrosion resistance cyclic polarization Mott–schottky

Optimization of Mortar Compressive strength Prepared with Waste Glass Aggregate and Coir fiber Addition Using Response surface Methodology

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journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第10期11卷 3751-3767页

作者： Cut Rahmawati Lia Handayani Muhtadin Muhammad faisal Muhammad Zardi s.M.sapuan Agung Efriyo Hadi jawad Ahmad Haytham f.Isleem Department of Civil Engineering Universitas AbulyatamaAceh Besar23372Indonesia Advanced Engineering Materials and Nano Technology Research Center Universitas AbulyatamaAceh Besar23372Indonesia faculty of fisheries Universitas AbulyatamaAceh Besar23372Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas AbulyatamaAceh Besar23372Indonesia Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Center(AEMC) Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor43400Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas MalahayatiLampung35153Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Millitary College of EngineeringRisalpur24080Pakistan Department of Construction Management Qujing Normal UniversityQujing655011China

Waste Glass(WGs)and Coir fiber(Cf)are not widely utilized,even though their silica and cellulose content can be used to create construction *** study aimed to optimize mortar compressive strength using Response surface Methodology(RsM).The Central Composite Design(CCD)was applied to determine the optimization of WGs and Cf addition to the mortar compressive *** strength and microstructure testing with scanning Electron Microscope(sEM),fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy(fT-IR),and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)were conducted to specify the mechanical ability and bonding between the matrix,Cf,and *** results showed that the chemical treatment of Cf produced 49.15%cellulose,with an average particle size of 1521μ*** regression of a second-order polynomial model yielded an optimum composition consisting of 12.776%WGs and 2.344%Cf with a predicted compressive strength of 19.1023 MPa.C-s-H gels were identified in the mortars due to the dissolving of siO_(2) in WGs and *** silica from WGs increased the C-s-H *** plays a role in preventing,bridging,and branching micro-cracks before reaching maximum *** aggregates and chemically treated Cf are suitable to be composited in mortar to increase compressive strength.

关键词： Cellulose response surface methodology waste glass coir fiber composite

Aerodynamic Loading Distribution Effects on the Overall Performance of Ultra-High-Lift LP Turbine Cascades

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journal of Thermal science 2014年第1期23卷 1-12页

作者： M.Berrino f.satta D.simoni M.Ubaldi P.Zunino f.Bertini DIME Università degli studi di Genova Via Montallegro 1I-16145 GenovaItaly Avio s.p.A. Professors I Maggio 56I-10040 Rivalta (TO) Italy

The present paper reports the results of an experimental investigation aimed at comparing aerodynamic perform- ance of three low-pressure turbine cascades for several Reynolds numbers under steady and unsteady inflows. This study is focused on finding design criteria useful to reduce both profile and secondary losses in the aero-engine LP turbine for the different flight conditions. The baseline blade cascade, characterized by a standard aerodynamic loading （Zw=1.03）, has been compared with two Ultra-High-Lift profiles with the same Zweifel number （Zw=1.3 for both cascades）, but different velocity peak positions, leading to front and mid-loaded blade cascade configurations. The aerodynamic flow fields downstream of the cascades have been experimentally in- vestigated for Reynolds numbers in the range 70000〈Re〈300000, where lower and upper limits are typical of cruise and take-off/landing conditions, respectively. The effects induced by the incoming wakes at the reduced frequency ./＋=0.62 on both profile and secondary flow losses for the three different cascade designs have been studied. Total pressure and velocity distributions have been measured by means of a miniaturized 5-hole probe in a tangential plane downstream of the cascade for both inflow conditions. The analysis of the results allows the evaluation of the aerodynamic performance of the blade cascades in terms of profile and secondary losses and the understanding of the effects of loading distribution and Zweifel number on secondary flows. When operating un- der unsteady inflow, contrarily to the steady case, the mid-loaded cascade has been found to be characterized by the lowest profile and secondary losses, making it the most attractive solution for the design of blades working in real conditions where unsteady inflow effects are present.

关键词： Low-Pressure Turbine Ultra-High-Lift Prof'des Profile Losses secondary Losses Mid-Loaded Blade Cascades Aft-Loaded Blade Cascades.

18个优质小麦品种(系)Glu-1、Glu-3和Gli-1位点的基因变异特点

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麦类作物学报 2006年第5期26卷 65-68,83页

作者：王瑞张改生任志龙 f j Zeller s L K Hsam 王宏西北农林科技大学农学院陕西杨凌712100 德国慕尼黑技术大学植物育种研究所

为给小麦品质育种提供参考信息,选用我国18份有影响的优质面条和面包小麦品种或种质资源,通过分步法sDs-PAGE和改良A-PAGE分析了其Glu-1、Glu-3、Gli-1位点的基因变异特点。结果表明,由Glu-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基共14种图谱,其... 详细信息

为给小麦品质育种提供参考信息,选用我国18份有影响的优质面条和面包小麦品种或种质资源,通过分步法sDs-PAGE和改良A-PAGE分析了其Glu-1、Glu-3、Gli-1位点的基因变异特点。结果表明,由Glu-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基共14种图谱,其中,Glu-A1位点上优质亚基1和2*分别占61.1%和11.1%,Glu-B1位点上优质亚基14+15、7+8、17+18、13+16分别占27.8%、27.8%、22.2%、5.6%,Glu-D1位点上优质亚基5+10占55.6%。Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1位点上均为优质亚基的品种(系)有陕451(1,7+8,5+10)、95鉴5104(1,14+15,5+10)、陕优412(2*,7+8,5+10)、绵阳89-47(2*,13+16,5+10)以及中优16、冀5099、绵优1号、绵优2号(1,17+18,5+10),占参试品种的44.4%。由Glu-3位点控制的低分子量谷蛋白亚基共12种图谱,小偃6号、PH82-2、陕253、80356、95鉴5104、郑农33等6个品种皆为“a,d,c”;由Gli-1位点控制的醇溶蛋白共12种图谱,小偃6号、PH82-2、陕优225、陕253、80356、中优16、95鉴5104等7个品种皆为“o,new,i”,即发现在Gli-B1位点是一个新等位基因。

关键词：小麦 Glu-1 Glu-3 Gli-1 基因组成