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Application of Anodic Oxidation with Graphite Electrodes in Pretreated Leachates

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 69-77页

作者： T.J.sanchez-sanchez H.A.Najera-Aguilar R.f.Gutierrez-Hernandez C.M.Garcia-Lara J.A.Araiza-Aguilar J.A.Bautista-Ramirez J.H.Castanon-Gonzalez Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas Tuxtla GutierrezMexico Departmento de Ingenieria Quimica y Bioquimica Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/IT de TapachulaTapachulaMexico Universidades para el Bienestar Benito Juarez Garcia Villa de AllendeEstado de MexicoMexico Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/IT de Tuxtla GutierrezTuxtla GutierrezMexico

Currently, landfills are the main method used for the final disposal of urban solid waste. The degradation processes that waste goes through in these sites, alongside rainwater that percolates through them, generate highly polluting liquids (leachate). In the treatment of leachate, advanced oxidation processes (AOP) can significantly reduce the concentrations of different pollutants. Due to the high documented potential around AOPs, in this study, the effectiveness of anodic oxidation in the removal of the remaining organic load in leachates pretreated in a biological system was evaluated. Graphite electrodes were used as anode and cathode. The efficiency of anodic oxidation, in terms of the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color, was evaluated under different current densities (7, 12, 17 and 22 mA/cm2) and pH values (3, 4.5 and 6). Under the best conditions found (22 mA/cm2 and pH of 6) and with an oxidation time of 5 hours, a maximum removal of 68% in COD and 91% in color was achieved, which represented a quality in the final effluent of 271 mg/L and 151 Pt-Co in COD and color, respectively. Therefore, considering that graphite is an economic and widely available material, the results obtained show anodic oxidation, with the use of graphite electrodes, as a technically viable alternative as a final purification stage for pretreated leachates.

关键词： Anodic Oxidation Graphite Electrodes Advanced Oxidation Processes

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玉米轮回选择中的近亲交配：Ⅱ自交和重组

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国外作物育种 2004年第4期23卷 19-20页

作者： f．Marquez—sanchez 谢国禄

混合选择是选择单元为植株本身的一种选择方法，在下一轮选择中与前一轮选择间进行重组。然而，在某些选择试验中，有些性状很难得到保持，因为它在自然传粉品种中的出现频率较低。例如，在墨西哥我们决定采取回交方法来降低玉米地方种... 详细信息

混合选择是选择单元为植株本身的一种选择方法，在下一轮选择中与前一轮选择间进行重组。然而，在某些选择试验中，有些性状很难得到保持，因为它在自然传粉品种中的出现频率较低。例如，在墨西哥我们决定采取回交方法来降低玉米地方种的株高；

关键词：玉米轮回选择近亲交配 Ⅱ自交重组

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Continuous wafer-scale graphene on cubic-SiC（O01）

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Nano Research 2013年第8期6卷 562-570页

作者： Alexander N. Chaika Olga V. Molodtsova Alexei A. Zakharov Dmitry Marchenko Jaime sanchez-Barrig Andrei Varykhalov Igor V. Shvets Victor Yu. Aristov Institute of Solid State Physics RAS Chemogolovka Moscow District 142432 Russia Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) School of Physics Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland HASYLAB at DESY D-22607 Hamburg Germany MAX-lab Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie D- 12489 Berlin Germany

The atomic and electronic structure of graphene synthesized on commercially available cubic-SiC（001）/Si（001） wafers have been studied by low energy electron microscopy （LEEM）, scanning tunneling microscopy （STM）, low energy electron diffraction （LEED）, and angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy （ARPES）. LEEM and STM data prove the wafer-scale continuity and uniform thickness of the graphene overlayer on SIC（001）. LEEM, STM and ARPES studies reveal that the graphene overlayer on SIC（001） consists of only a few monolayers with physical properties of quasi-freestanding graphene. Atomically resolved STM and micro-LEED data show that the top graphene layer consists of nanometer-sized domains with four different lattice orientations connected through the 〈110〉-directed boundaries. ARPES studies reveal the typical electron spectrum of graphene with the Dirac points close to the fermi level. Thus, the use of technologically relevant SiC（001）/Si（001） wafers for graphene fabrication repre-sents a realistic way of bridging the gap between the outstanding properties of graphene and their applications.

关键词： graphene cubic-SiC(001) STM ARPES LEEM LEED

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Effects of Aerobic Conditioning on Individuals Post-Stroke: What Is the Evidence?

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第3期7卷 245-260页

作者： Roberta Lins Gonçalves Ingrid de fátima Aquino Suzuki fernanda figueiroa sanchez Elisa Brosina De Leon Peterson Marco de Oliveira Andrade Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Amazonas UFAM Amazonas Brazil Campus Universitário Senador Arthur Virgílio filho Faculdade de Educa&ccedil&atildeo Física e Fisioterapia—FEFF UFAM Amazonas Brazil UfAM Amazonas Brazil UfJf Minas Gerais Brazil

Background: Stroke has been considered the major cause of chronic disability in the world and ranks among the leading causes of death. Despite the fact that new vascular events often happen and risk factors are the same that Cardiovascular Diseases, secondary prevention through non-pharmacological measures, are not part of the routine physical rehabilitation after stroke. Objective: The aim is to answer the following clinical question: Should aerobic fitness be part of the physical rehabilitation of individuals post-stroke? Methodological Design: The methodology used in the study was an integrative literature review. Inclusion Criteria: Articles in English are published in secondary databases: systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis, which address the question PICO: patient (post-stroke), intervention (aerobic exercise), comparison (with or without aerobic conditioning) the outcome (volume of oxygen consumed peak (VO2peak), quality of life (QoL), morbidity and mortality). Outcomes: VO2peak, QoL, complications and mortality. Analysis of Studies: The methodological quality of included studies is assessed using the tools: PRISMA and R-AMSTAR. Results: There was “good” evidence for the inclusion of aerobic exercise on physical rehabilitation of post-stroke individuals to improve their physical capacity (VO2peak), facilitating the completion of activities of daily living and gait. There was weak evidence on the association of aerobic fitness with positive results on QoL in stroke victims and insufficient results to evaluate the effect of aerobic fitness on the risk of stroke recurrence and mortality. Conclusion: The aerobic conditioning should be included in the rehabilitation of stroke victims.

关键词： Post-Stroke Aerobic Conditioning Aerobic Exercise Quality of Life Oxygen Consumption

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Osteomodulin downregulation is associated with osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 721-736页

作者： Jérémie Zappia Qiao Tong Renée Van der Cruyssen frederique MfCornelis Cécile Lambert Tiago Pinto Coelho Juliane Grisart Erika Kague Rik JLories Marc Muller Dirk Elewaut Chrissy LHammond Christelle sanchez Yves Henrotin MusculoSKeletal Innovative Research Lab Center for Interdisciplinary Research on MedicinesUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium School of Physiology Pharmacologyand NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Department of RheumatologyGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research CenterDepartment of Development and RegenerationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Cardiovascular Sciences Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique AppliquéeUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Division of Nephrology CHU of LiègeUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Artialis SA Tour GIGACHU Sart-TilmanLiègeBelgium Division of Rheumatology University Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Laboratoire d’Organogenèse et Régénération Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique AppliquéeUniversitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department Princess Paola HospitalVivaliaMarche-en-FamenneBelgium

Abnormal subchondral bone remodeling leading to sclerosis is a main feature of osteoarthritis(OA), and osteomodulin(OMD), a proteoglycan involved in extracellular matrix mineralization, is associated with the sclerotic phenotype. However, the functions of OMD remain poorly understood, specifically in vivo. We used Omd knockout and overexpressing male mice and mutant zebrafish to study its roles in bone and cartilage metabolism and in the development of OA. The expression of Omd is deeply correlated with bone and cartilage microarchitectures affecting the bone volume and the onset of subchondral bone sclerosis and spontaneous cartilage lesions. Mechanistically, OMD binds to RANKL and inhibits osteoclastogenesis, thus controlling the balance of bone remodeling. In conclusion, OMD is a key factor in subchondral bone sclerosis associated with OA. It participates in bone and cartilage homeostasis by acting on the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Targeting OMD may be a promising new and personalized approach for OA.

关键词： metabolism conclusion homeostasis

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Single-Phase Inverter Synchronized to the Grid by Linear Kalman filter in Microgrids

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第3期8卷 523-529页

作者： Oscar Carranza Ruben Ortega Gilberto sanchez Ruben Galicia Instituto Politdcnico Nacional Escuela Superior de C6mputo Mexieo D. F. 07738 Mexico

This paper presents the analysis and implementation of a synchronizer to the grid using a linear Kalman filter. The synchronizer is used in a single-phase inverter, which is applied in an environment of microgrids. The inverter converts the energy that comes from renewable energy sources （photovoltaic, wind, fuel cell, etc.）. The main objective of obtaining the phase of the grid is to achieve a power factor close to unity in the inverter. for this reason it is vital that the phase difference between the synchronizer and the grid zero. To obtain synchronizer algorithm using LKf （linear Kalman filter） is necessary to know the EKf （extended Kalman filter）. This allows to analyze the operation of the filter, which allows to reach reduce linear Kalman filter or also known as simplified Kalman filter. It is necessary to generate an orthogonal signal in order to obtain a stationary reference frame from a single-phase grid because the linear Kalman filter works with a stationary reference frame. Orthogonal signal is created with an all-pass filter.

关键词： Inverter lineal Kalman filter microgrids synchronized.

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Risk factors and classifications of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2013年第7期5卷 132-138页

作者： Miguel Angel Suarez-Munoz Jose Luis fernandez-Aguilar Belinda sanchez-Perez Jose Antonio Perez-Daga Beatriz Garcia-Albiach Ysabel Pulido-Roa Naiara Marin-Camero Julio Santoyo-Santoyo General Digestive and Transplantation Surgery Service HPB and Liver Transplant UnitUniversity Hospital Carlos Haya29010 MalagaSpain

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary malignant tumor of the *** cholangiocarcinoma or Klatskin tumor represents more than 50% of all biliary tract cholangiocarcinomas.A wide range of risk factors have been identified among patients with Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma including advanced age,male gender,primary sclerosing cholangitis,choledochal cysts,cholelithiasis,cholecystitis,parasitic infection(Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis),inflammatory bowel disease,alcoholic cirrhosis,nonalcoholic cirrhosis,chronic pancreatitis and metabolic *** classifications have been used to describe the pathologic and radiologic appearance of *** three systems most commonly used to evaluate Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma are the Bismuth-Corlette(BC) system,the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the TNM *** BC classification provides preoperative assessment of local *** Memorial Sloan-Kettering cancer center proposes a staging system according to three factors related to local tumor extent:the location and extent of bile duct involvement,the presence or absence of portal venous invasion,and the presence or absence of hepatic lobar *** TNM classification,besides the usual descriptors,tumor,node and metastases,provides additional information concerning the possibility for the residual tumor(R) and the histological grade(G).Recently,in 2011,a new consensus classification for the Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma had been *** consensus was organised by the European Hepato-PancreatoBiliary Association which identified the need for a new staging system for this type of *** classification includes information concerning biliary or vascular(portal or arterial) involvement,lymph node status or metastases,but also other essential aspects related to the surgical risk,such as remnant hepatic volume or the possibility of underlying disease.

关键词： Hilar cholangiocarcinoma Klatskin tumor Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma Bile duct cancer

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Transvaginal Approach for Nongynecologic Intraperitoneal Procedures

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第21期5卷 1417-1429页

作者： Jose f.Noguera Gonzalo Martin Jose M.Munoz Antonio Melero Raul sanchez Javier Valdivia Marcos Bruna Antonio Salvador Cristobal Zaragoza Minimally Invasive Therapies Unit Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de ValenciaValenciaSpain Department of Surgery Hospital Son LlatzerPalmaSpain Department of Surgery Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de ValenciaValenciaSpain Department of Surgery Hospital Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain

The minimally invasive surgery through natural orifices has revolutionized the laparoscopic surgery for abdominal procedures. The use of the vaginal approach is not new for gynecologists but it is a new concept for the non-gynecological laparoscopic surgeons. The use of this new approach has been used to perform some procedures and to extract specimens after a laparoscopic surgery, but we don’t know exactly the number of procedures performed until today. There are few papers with clinical experience and a lot of philosophical papers about NOTES. Our aim is to know how and how often we are using this new approach for non-gynecological abdominal minimally invasive procedures. With the revision of the PubMed publications we obtained a total of 268 articles, of which 125 were included in the analysis (46.64%). Cholecystectomy was the procedure more usually performed: there is a large clinical experience with a total of 2432 transvaginal cholecystectomies. Bariatric surgery, colectomy and appendectomy have been other surgical procedures with some clinical experience in the use of the transvaginal approach. Analyzing the publications on transvaginal approach, we observed that the use of the vaginal route for non-gynecological abdominal surgery was not anecdotal, with accumulative experience of more than 3000 patients reported in published studies. The use of the vaginal route has shown its safety, obtaining some additional benefits such as the aesthetic and the faster functional recovery. Dyspareunia, one of the most feared, has not been reported in studies as a concern to consider.

关键词： Transvaginal Surgery Endoscopic Surgery Laparoscopy flexible Endoscopy

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Numerical Bifurcation Methods and their Application to fluid Dynamics: Analysis beyond Simulation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第1期15卷 1-45页

作者： Henk A.Dijkstra fred W.Wubs Andrew K.Cliffe Eusebius Doedel Ioana f.Dragomirescu Bruno Eckhardt Alexander Yu.Gelfgat Andrew L.Hazel Valerio Lucarini Andy G.Salinger Erik T.Phipps Juan sanchez-Umbria Henk Schuttelaars Laurette S.Tuckerman Uwe Thiele Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht Utrecht UniversityThe Netherlands. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands. School of Mathematical Sciences University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of Computer Science Concordia UniversityMontrealCanada. National Centre for Engineering Systems of Complex fluids University Politehnica of TimisoaraRomania. fachbereich Physik Philipps-Universitat MarburgMarburgGermany. School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael. School of Mathematics University of ManchesterManchesterUK. Meteorological Institute KlimacampusUniversity of HamburgHamburgGermany. Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of ReadingReadingUK. Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueUSA. Departament de fisica Aplicada Universitat Politecnica de CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain. Department of Applied Mathematical Analysis TU DelftDelftthe Netherlands. PMMH-ESPCI ParisFrance. Department of Mathematical Sciences Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK.

We provide an overview of current techniques and typical applications of numerical bifurcation analysis in fluid dynamical *** of these problems are characterized by high-dimensional dynamical systems which undergo transitions as parameters are *** computation of the critical conditions associated with these transitions,popularly referred to as‘tipping points’,is important for understanding the transition *** describe the two basic classes of methods of numerical bifurcation analysis,which differ in the explicit or implicit use of the Jacobian matrix of the dynamical *** numerical challenges involved in both methods are mentioned and possible solutions to current bottlenecks are *** demonstrate that numerical bifurcation techniques are not restricted to relatively low-dimensional dynamical systems,we provide several examples of the application of the modern techniques to a diverse set of fluid mechanical problems.

关键词： Numerical bifurcation analysis transitions in fluid flows high-dimensional dynamical systems.

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Dependence of dynamic contour and Goldmann applanation tonometries on peripheral corneal thickness

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1521-1527页

作者： federico Saenz-frances Claudia Sanz-Pozo Lara Borrego-Sanz Luis Ja?ez Laura Moralesfernandez Jose Maria Martinez-de-la-Casa Julian Garcia-sanchez Julian Garcia-feijoo Enrique Santos-Bueso Ophthalmology Department Clinico Universitario San Carlos HospitalComplutense University Institute of Knowledge Technology Complutense University

AIM：To determine the effects of peripheral corneal thickness（PCT）on dynamic contour tonometry（DCT）and Goldmann applanation tonometry（GAT）.METHODS：A cross-sectional *** created a software which calculates the corneal contour（CC）as a function of the radius from the corneal apex to each pixel of the *** software generates a central circumference with a radius of 1 mm and the remainder of the cornea is segmented in 5 rings concentric with corneal apex being its diameter not constant around the corneal circumference as a consequence of the irregular CC but keeping constant the diameter of each ring in each direction of the *** was determined as the mean thickness of the most eccentric *** weighted scatterplot smoothing（LOWESS）regression was used to determine the pattern of the relationship between PCT and both DCT and GAT ***,two multivariable linear regression models were *** each of them,the dependant variable was intraocular pressure（IOP）as determined using GAT and DCT *** both of the models the predictive variable was PCT though LOWESS regression pattern was used to model the relationship between the dependant variables and the predictor *** and sex were also introduced control variables along with their first-degree interactions with *** outcome measures include amount of IOP variation explained through regression models（R2）and regression coefficients（B）.RESULTS：Subjects included 109 eyes of 109 healthy *** regression suggested that a 2nd-degree polynomial would be suitable to model the relationshipbetween both DCT and GAT with *** PCT was introduced in both models as a linear and quadratic *** age nor sex nor interactions were statistically significant in both *** GAT model,R2was 17.14%（f=9.02;P=0.0002）,PCT linear term B was-1.163（95%CI：-1.163,-0.617）.PCT quadratic term B was 0.00081（95%CI：0.00043,0.00118）.for DCT model R2was 14.28%（f=9.29;P=0.0002

关键词： Goldmann applanation tonometry dynamic contour tonometry peripheral corneal thickness corneal thickness

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