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Open Journal of Immunology 2019年第2期9卷 21-27页

作者： Hilaire Djantio Gilder Tonfack temgoua Vassili Aurel Njami Serge Lombat Rahim Seid Ndam Louisiane Ngong Mbella Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane International Centre of Medical Imaging and Medicine General Medicine Douala Cameroon Deido District Hospital Infectiology Department Douala Cameroon Mbanga District Hospital General Medicine Douala Cameroon International Centre of Medical Imaging and Medicine Radiology Department Douala Cameroon Douala General Hospital Internal medicine/Pneumology Douala Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Introduction: HIV infection is a public health issue. Developing countries are facing the challenge of patient populations that remain undiagnosed and under-served in combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) leading to opportunistic infections. Lymph node tuberculosis is one of the most common. His firm diagnosis is not always easy in resources limited country. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 35-year-old woman known HIV for the past 10 years but not on treatment. She presented with a four-month history of fatigue, weight loss and pain in the right flank. The diagnosis of lymph node tuberculosis, hepatitis c virus infection and sickle cell disease was done. After 6 months of treatment, there was a favourable clinical evolution. Conclusion: This case report highlights the necessity to screen for opportunistic and non-opportunistic co-infection in HIV infected patient.

关键词： HIV Hepatitis C Tuberculosis Sickle Cell Disease

Interventional Cardiology Management of a Cardiogenic Shock Induced by Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy at the Hospital Center of Montlucon: A Case Report

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第1期11卷 45-51页

作者： Sylvain Chanseaume Mazou Ngou temgoua Lise Camus Enver Hilic Thierry Comte Aline Billebault Nouhoun Diallo Assi Sami Gislain Beyina Joel Noutakdie Tochie Cardiology Unit Hospital Center of Montlucon Montlucon France Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Yaoundé Cameroon Intensive Care Unit Hospital Center of Montlucon Montlucon France Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is frequently considered as a benign disorder. We present an atypical form with cardiogenic shock that was managed by interventional cardiology measures. Case presentation: A 58 years old female patient with a past history of hypertension, obesity and multiple sclerosis was admitted at the Hospital Center of Montlucon for septic shock of urinary origin. During hospitalization in intensive care unit, the patient presented a markedly increasing of troponin levels with a diffused ST-segment elevation. Transthoracic Echocardiography showed an altered left ventricular ejection fraction at 35% with hypokinesia of apex and lateral ventricular segments in conjunction with compensatory hyperkinesis of the base;these findings were strongly suggestive of a diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Despite concomitant anemia, renal failure and sepsis, all adequately treated with complete remission, the patient developed frequent episodes of ventricular tachycardia that prompted an emergency coronarography. During this procedure, the patient presented a cardiogenic shock and bradyasystole that were successfully managed by intra-aortic balloon pumping and temporary transvenous pacing. Finally, there werefont-family:Verdana;"> no coronary lesions and ventriculography confirmed a Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Given the unstable hemodynamic status of this patient, she was addressed to the University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-ferrand for more spec

关键词： Interventional Cardiology Management Cardiogenic Shock Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

Overweight and fasting Hyperglycemia in Children Born Preterm in a Resource-Limited Country (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 666-677页

作者： Mah Evelyn Mungyeh Ngwanou Dany Hermann Ngo Um Sap Suzanne Maguip Linda Chelo David temgoua Ngou Mazou Zantia Gides Chiabi Andréas Angwafo III fru forbushi faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé Yaounde Cameroon Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Mother and Child Center Chantal Biya Foundation Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: The survival of more preterm babies through improved management techniques may imply an increased risk of non-communicable diseases including obesity, diabetes and other cardiovascular risk diseases with age. The prevalence of these diseases varies worldwide. The main objective of this study was to determine the rates and factors associated with overweight and diabetes in children born preterm at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including children aged 6 to 11 years. Data were collected from the records of premature and full-term infants hospitalized from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2013. Patients were evaluated during outpatient consultation, where height, weight, Body mass index and blood pressure were measured together with fasting capillary blood glucose levels. The Fisher test and the Chi-square test were used to compare proportions. Relative risk (RR) was used to establish the relationship between the different variables. Resultsfont-family:Verdana;">: We enrolled 125 children born preterm and 250 born at full-term. The mean age was 8.2 ± 1.6 years. The cumulative incidence of pathologies varied according to type: Overweight 32% in preterm versus

关键词： Overweight Diabetes Prematurity Low-Income Country

Relationship between Angiogenic and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Diabetic Retinopathy

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2020年第1期10卷 44-54页

作者： C. Domngang Noche f. Nzoundji Kouosseu Y. Bilong P. Chuisseu Djamen P. fotsing Kwetche A. Noutchie Lowe B. Agoons M. temgoua J. C. Katte Djabou E. Sobgwi Higher Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Université de Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and a major cause of vision loss in the working age population. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood but may involve low grade chronic inflammation and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of one inflammatory (IL-6) and angiogenic cytokine (VEGf-A) with the presence and severity of DR in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Methods: from January to June 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional analytical study on 84 patients out of which 31 developed DR and 53 did not. All patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination and laboratory analysis for IL-6 and VEGf-A with ELISA Technique. We studied the relation of IL-6 and VEGf-A with the presence and severity of DR, HBA1c, the duration of diabetes. Results: The group with DR had statistically significant higher levels of VEGf-A compared to the control group (390.5 pg/ml vs. 173.1 pg/ml;p = 0.007). There was no significant difference in IL-6 levels between both groups (42.8 pg/ml vs. 31.7 pg/ml;p = 0.10). Equally there was no association between these 2 cytokines and macular oedema or with the severity of DR. The level of IL-6 was associated to the balance of diabetes (p = 0.006) although VEGf-A was not (p = 0.15). Moreover, Il-6 (p = 0.31) and VEGf-A (p = 0.24) were not linked to the duration of diabetes. Conclusion: Serum concentrations of VEGf-A have an effect on the development of DR. They correlate with the presence of the disease but IL-6 does not. However, IL-6 was associated to the balance of diabetes. These 2 biomarkers may play a role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and the diabetic retinopathy. findings on Il-6 and VEGf-A may therefore contribute to the development of the diagnosis tools and caretaking of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： Retinopathy Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Vascular Endothelial Growth factor-A Interleukine-6 Cytokines

Acute Coronary Syndrome Occurring in a Sub-Saharan Patient Treated with a Reduced Dose of Sorafenib for an Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Report

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第3期10卷 45-51页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Murielle Lema Helles Pierre Mathurin Kowo Mazou temgoua Ngou Etienne Atenguena Blaise Mounpou Aicha Yap Tangie Ngek Larry Paul Talla Jerome Boombhi Alain Menanga firmin Ankouane Andoulo Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeCameroon Hepatogastroenterology and Oncology Unit Yaounde General HospitalYaoundeCameroon

Sorafenib is a chemotherapy used as first line treatment in primary liver cancers. It is an oral antiangiogenic treatment which reduces the progression of the tumor. Some mild or severe side effects have been reported among which some uncommon cardiac events: myocardial infarction and cardiogenic stroke. Sorafenib treatment remains expensive and not frequently used in Sub-Saharan countries. Thus, few studies have described its side effects in this milieu. We report a case of acute coronary syndrome occurring in a 75-year-old female patient, without cardiovascular risks factors, after nine months of sorafenib chemotherapy at a reduced dose for an unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in a Sub-Saharan Africa country. The management was conducted by cardiologists, in collaboration with gastroenterologists and oncologists. We decided to completely stop sorafenib chemotherapy. We observed a reduction of the pain 48 hours after her admission, and a regression of electrocardiographic signs after 8 days. In conclusion, the sorafenib treatment can be associated with cardiac events despite the dose reduction.

关键词： Acute Coronorary Syndrome Sorafenib Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatitis C Virus Yaounde

Studying the Application and Advances of Diffusive Gradients in-Thin films Techniques (DGTs) to Constrain Mobility and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Soils

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第5期9卷 118-137页

作者： Georges Martial Ndzana Alex Dortie Kolleh Kashif Ali Kubar Louis Marie Bondje Bidjeck Etienne Bekoa Primus Azinwi Tamfuh Damien Henri Odigui Ahanda Thierry Mamert Abodo Koa Emile temgoua Monique Abossolo-Angue Abane Lucien Dieudonné Bitom Department of Soils Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Plant and soil Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Sustainable Development Cuttington University Suakoko Bong County Republic of Liberia. Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences Uthal Balochistan Pakistan Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering National Higher Polytechnic Institute University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

The aim of this review is to investigate the application and latest developments of the Diffusive Gradients in-thin films (DGT) with a focus on the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. Soil chemical extractions are extensively used to predict nutrients elements in the soil. However, these measurements have their weaknesses and shortcomings. Comparing DGT with conventional extraction methods, DGT is a sampling technique with significant advantages;including speciation capabilities, sensitivity, time-in- tegrated signal, low risk of contamination and time averaged concentrations. These findings have strengthened the usefulness of the DGT technique as a potential monitoring tool for soil with heavy metal contamination. Studies which have used the DGT technique to evaluate processes important to bioavailability have been booming in the last 13 years, especially its application in soils science. Some recent studies have shown a good relationship between the measurement of metals concentrations in soil and plant by DGT, and cohesive results have been obtained from these measurements when they are based on the DGT technique. DGT is a newly established procedure to assess the bioavailability of trace elements in sediments and soils, and its applications are still in the early stage of testing. Therefore, future application of DGT is likely to include the studies of HMs contamination in soil for risk assessment and transfer rates to the food chain, as some studies have indicated the potential of DGT in these areas.

关键词： DGT Gels Mobility Bioavailability Soil Heavy Metals

Electrocardiographic Safety of Daily Hydroxychloroquine 400 mg Plus Azithromycin 250 mg as an Ambulatory Treatment for COVID-19 Patients in Cameroon

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第2期11卷 106-112页

作者： Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate William Djomo Ngatchou Mazou Ngou temgoua Charles Kouanfack Daniel Lemoungoum Joel Noutakdie Tochie Armel Zemsi Lauriane fomete Skinner Lekelem Sylvain Zemsi Joelle Sobngwi Thierry Ntandzi Christian Ngongang Ouankou Yves Wasnyo Antoinette Tsama Assiga Jan René Nkeck Ahmadou Musa Jingi Magellan Guewo Eric Walter Pefura Yone Charlotte Moussi Omgba Paul Owono Etoundi Jean Cyr Yombi Samuel Kingue Alain Menanga Jacqueline Ze Minkande Pierre Ongolo Zogo Jean Claude Mbanya Pierre Joseph fouda Eugène Sobngwi Central Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and specialities Faculty of Médicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery University of Douala Hypertension Clinic and Cardiac Surgery Department St Pierre Hospital Université libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Dschang University Dschang Cameroon Hypertension Clinic and Cardiology Department Erasme Hospital University of Brussels Brussels Belgium Research-Health and Development Yaoundé Cameroon and London School of Economics and Political Sciences London UK ANRS Cameroon Yaoundé Camerroon faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Jamot Hospital of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Regional Public Health Delegation for the Centre Ministry of Public Health Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Centre for the Development of Good Health Practices Yaoundé Cameroon

Objective: To determine the early electrocardiographic changes in a cohort of ambulatory cameroonian COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychlo- roquine and Azithromycin. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Treatment centres of the city of Yaounde, Cameroon, from May 7th to 24th 2020. Participants: We enrolled 51 consecutive confirmed COVID-19 on RT-PCR who having mild forms of COVID-19 and treated by hydroxychloroquine 200 mg twice daily during seven #days plus Azithromycin 500 mg the first day and 250 mg the remaining 4 days as per national standard. Main Outcomes Measures: The primary end-point was the change in QTc interval between day 0 (D0), day 3 (D3) and day 7 (D7). Secondary endpoints were changes in all other cardiac electrical conductivity patterns and the occurrence of clinical arrhythmic events during the course of treatment. Results: font-family:Verdana;">The population (29 men and 22 women) was aged 39 ± 11 years (range 17 to 61 years

关键词： Early Electrocardiographic Changes COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Cameroon