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Brain age estimation:premise,promise,and problems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2313-2314页

作者： Jarrad Perron ji Hyun Ko Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Price Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada PrairieNeuro Research Centre Kleysen Institute for Advanced MedicineHealth Sciences CentreWinnipegMBCanada Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada

Premise:The com bined effects of modern healthcare practices which prolong lifespan and declining birthrates have created unprecedented changes in age demographics worldwide that are especially pronounced in Japan,South Korea,Europe,and North *** old age is the most significant predictor of dementia,global healthcare systems must rise to the challenge of providing care for those with neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： estimation providing birth

Effect of cholesterol metabolism on hepatolithiasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 157-162页

作者： Lin Zheng Zi-Yu Ye Jun-ji Ma Department of Gastroenterology The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityHebei Key Laboratory of GastroenterologyHebei Institute of GastroenterologyHebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive DiseasesNo.215 Heping West RoadShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina

Surgical intervention is currently the primary treatment for hepatolithiasis;how-ever,some patients still experience residual stones and high recurrence rates after *** metabolism seems to play an important role in hepatoli-thiasis pathogenesis.A high cholesterol diet is one of the significant reasons for the increasing incidence of ***,regular diet and appropriate medical intervention are crucial measures to prevent hepatolithiasis and reduce recurrence rate after *** dietary cholesterol and drugs that increase cholesterol stone solubility are key therapeutic approaches in treating *** article discusses the cholesterol metabolic pathways related to the pathogenesis of hepatolithiasis,as well as food intake and targeted therapeutic drugs.

关键词： Hepatolithiasis Cholesterol metabolism High-fat diet 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase Interlobular bile duct

Magneto‑Dielectric Synergy and Multiscale Hierarchical Structure Design Enable flexible Multipurpose Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth Compatibility

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 401-416页

作者： Chen Li Leilei Liang Baoshan Zhang Yi Yang Guangbin ji School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration ***,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS microwave absorption *** top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass ***,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric *** theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ***,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m^(2),a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of ***,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.

关键词： Microwave absorption Radar-infrared compatible stealth Wrinkled MXene Magneto-dielectric synergy Multifunction

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极端条件下含能材料的模拟研究思考

高压物理学报 2025年第1期39卷 010102-1-010102-27页

作者：姬广富中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理全国重点实验室四川绵阳　621999

含能材料在军事、民用和航天等领域具有广泛应用，极端条件下其物理化学性质会发生显著变化。通过模拟研究预测和优化含能材料性能具有重要意义，包括性能预测、优化设计、安全评估、成本效率控制等。为此，综述了极端条件下含能材料的... 详细信息

含能材料在军事、民用和航天等领域具有广泛应用，极端条件下其物理化学性质会发生显著变化。通过模拟研究预测和优化含能材料性能具有重要意义，包括性能预测、优化设计、安全评估、成本效率控制等。为此，综述了极端条件下含能材料的研究背景、基本性质、模拟研究方法及进展、关键问题以及相关实验研究进展。其中，详细介绍了量子力学、分子动力学、蒙特卡罗和有限元等模拟方法及其研究进展，阐述了高压、高温、激光作用和界面效应等极端条件下模拟研究的关键问题，并列举了含能材料在撞击感度、化学释能规律、3D打印、绿色电合成、爆轰机理和超高含能材料合成等方面的实验研究进展。通过遴选代表性研究，展示了模拟研究在实际问题中的应用和解决方案。同时，介绍了一些最新研究成果，以反映该领域的最新进展和未来趋势。此外，详细讨论了跨学科研究的实现方式以及含能材料在极端条件下的安全性问题，包括可能的风险和预防措施。

关键词：含能材料极端条件模拟研究高压高温激光作用

Perfluoropentane-based oxygen-loaded nanodroplets reduce microglial activation through metabolic reprogramming

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1178-1191页

作者： Wanxian Luo Chuanhui Xu Linxi Li Yunxiang ji Yezhong Wang Yingjia Li Yongyi Ye Department of Medicine Ultrasonics Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Microglia,the primary immune cells within the brain,have gained recognition as a promising therapeutic target for managing neurodegenerative diseases within the central nervous system,including Parkinson’s *** perfluorocarbon droplets have been reported to not only possess a high oxygen-carrying capacity,but also exhibit remarkable anti-inflammatory ***,the role of perfluoropentane in microglia-mediated central inflammatory reactions remains poorly *** this study,we developed perfluoropentane-based oxygen-loaded nanodroplets(PfP-OLNDs)and found that pretreatment with these droplets suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of M1-type microglia in vitro and in vivo,and suppressed microglial activation in a mouse model of Parkinson’s *** suppression led to a reduction in the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and cell migration capacity in ***,the neurotoxic effects were mitigated,which alleviated neuronal ***,ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry showed that the anti-inflammatory effects of PfP-OLNDs mainly resulted from the modulation of microglial metabolic *** further showed that PfP-OLNDs regulated microglial metabolic reprogramming through the AKT-mTOR-HIf-1α***,our findings suggest that the novel PfP-OLNDs constructed in this study alleviate microglia-mediated central inflammatory reactions through metabolic reprogramming.

关键词： metabolic reprogramming microglia microglial migration nanotherapy neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation oxygen-loaded nanodroplets Parkinson’s disease perfluoropentane ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Aligned Ion Conduction Pathway of Polyrotaxane‑Based Electrolyte with Dispersed Hydrophobic Chains for Solid‑State Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 169-186页

作者： Bitgaram Kim Myeong‑Chang Sung Gwang‑Hee Lee Byoungjoon Hwang Sojung Seo ji‑Hun Seo Dong‑Wan Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University145 Anam‑RoSeongbuk‑GuSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Center Institute for Advanced Engineering(IAE)Yongin 17180Republic of Korea

A critical challenge hindering the practical application of lithium–oxygen batteries(LOBs)is the inevitable problems associated with liquid electrolytes,such as evaporation and safety *** study addresses these problems by proposing a modified polyrotaxane(mPR)-based solid polymer electrolyte(SPE)design that simultaneously mitigates solvent-related problems and improves ***-SPE exhibits high ion conductivity(2.8×10^(−3)S cm^(−1)at 25℃)through aligned ion conduction pathways and provides electrode protection ability through hydrophobic chain *** this mPR-SPE into solid-state LOBs resulted in stable potentials over 300 *** situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the presence of an LiO_(2)intermediate alongside Li_(2)O_(2)during oxygen *** situ X-ray diffraction confirm the ability of the SPE to hinder the permeation of oxygen and moisture,as demonstrated by the air permeability *** present study suggests that maintaining a low residual solvent while achieving high ionic conductivity is crucial for restricting the sub-reactions of solid-state LOBs.

关键词： Solid polymer electrolyte Lithium-oxygen batteries Polyrotaxane ion conductivity Hydrophobic chain

Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 6-20页

作者： Xiu-Yun Zhao De-En Xu Ming-Lei Wu ji-Chuan Liu Zi-Ling Shi Quan-Hong Ma Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience&jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Jiangnan University Medical CenterWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

The endoplasmic reticulum,a key cellular organelle,regulates a wide variety of cellular *** reticulum autophagy,one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum,plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover,remodeling,and *** this review,we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system,and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular *** also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative *** summary,this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve *** review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： autophagy endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum autophagy endoplasmic reticulum quality control system endoplasmic reticulum receptors endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation neurodegeneration neurodegenerative disease selective autophagy unfolded protein response

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法治是中国式现代化的重要保障

新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第2期46卷 7-16,F0002页

作者：莫纪宏中国社会科学院法学研究所北京100720

党的二十届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》明确提出“法治是中国式现代化的重要保障”,对法治与现代化之间的辩证关系从理论与实践相结合的角度作出系统阐述,对不断完善和健全法治在保... 详细信息

党的二十届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》明确提出“法治是中国式现代化的重要保障”,对法治与现代化之间的辩证关系从理论与实践相结合的角度作出系统阐述,对不断完善和健全法治在保障中国式现代化中的能力,推动法治与现代化同频共振、并肩前行发挥了政策引领作用。从法理层面准确认识法治对中国式现代化的保障机制和制度功能,要从历史维度、政治维度、理论维度、比较维度和实践维度“五个维度”有机统一的角度认识中国式现代化的具体特征和制度形态,针对不同层面的中国式现代化目标采取不同性质的法治应对和保障措施。法治在中国式现代化进程中,通过保障制度现代化推进中国式现代化。其中,法治自身也需要现代化。没有法治现代化就没有社会主义现代化。法治在推进中国式现代化过程中,通过不断提升自身效能和保障能力,逐步实现自身的现代化,成为中国式现代化事业的重要组成部分。

关键词：法治中国式现代化历史维度政治维度理论维度比较维度实践维度

Decreased levels of phosphorylated synuclein in plasma are correlated with poststroke cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2598-2610页

作者： Yi Wang Yuning Li Yakun Gu Wei Ma Yuying Guan Mengyuan Guo Qianqian Shao Xunming ji jia Liu Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Bo’ai HospitalChina Rehabilitation Research CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Poststro ke cognitive impairment is a major secondary effect of ischemic stroke in many patients;however,few options are available for the early diagnosis and treatment of this *** aims of this study were to(1)determine the specific relationship between hypoxic andα-synuclein during the occur of poststroke cognitive impairment and(2)assess whether the serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein level can be used as a biomarker for poststro ke cognitive *** found that the phosphorylatedα-synuclein level was significantly increased and showed pathological aggregation around the cerebral infa rct area in a mouse model of ischemic *** addition,neuronalα-synuclein phosphorylation and aggregation were observed in the brain tissue of mice subjected to chronic hypoxia,suggesting that hypoxia is the underlying cause ofα-synuclein-mediated pathology in the brains of mice with ischemic *** phosphorylatedα-synuclein levels in patients with ischemic stroke were significantly lower than those in healt hy subjects,and were positively correlated with cognition levels in patients with ischemic ***,a decrease in serum high-density lipoprotein levels in stroke patie nts was significantly correlated with a decrease in phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** ischemic stroke mice did not show significant cognitive impairment or disrupted lipid metabolism 14 days after injury,some of them exhibited decreased cognitive function and reduced phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** together,our results suggest that serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein is a potential biomarker for poststroke cognitive impairment.

关键词： biomarker high-density lipoprotein ischemic stroke phosphorylatedα-synuclein poststroke cognitive impairment