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Revisiting cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira s.Hanaf. Department of.Neurosurgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive decline of.cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of.the cases,AD is f.milial,as of.en predisposed by genetic mutations(Hoogmartens et al.,2021),while sporadic AD accounts f.r approximately 95%of.the *** amyloid cascade hypothesis is one of.the f.ndamental hypotheses put out to explain AD pathogenesis as dysregulated homeostasis of.amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides that leads to the accumulation of.Aβplaques in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of.AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral

A systematic review of.progenitor survival and maturation in Parkinsonian models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3172-3178页

作者： Giulia Comini Eilís Dowd Pharmacology&Therapeutics and Galway Neuroscience Center University of GalwayGalwayIreland

stem cell-based brain repair is a promising emergent therapy f.r Parkinson's disease based on years of.f.undational research using human f.tal donors as a cell *** current therapeutic options f.r patients,this approach has the potential to provide longterm stem cell–derived reconstruction and restoration of.the dopaminergic input to denervated regions of.the brain allowing f.r restoration of.certain f.nctions to *** ultimate clinical success of.stem cell–derived brain repair will depend on both the saf.ty and ef.icacy of.the approach and the latter is dependent on the ability of.the transplanted cells to survive and dif.erentiate into f.nctional dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinsonian *** the pre-clinical literature suggests that there is considerable variability in survival and dif.erentiation between studies,the aim of.this systematic review was to assess these parameters in human stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor transplant studies in animal models of.Parkinson's disease.A def.ned systematic search of.the PubMed database was completed to identif. relevant studies published up to March *** screening,76 articles were included in the analysis f.om which 178 separate transplant studies were *** these,graf. survival could be assessed in 52 studies and dif.erentiation in 129 ***,we f.und that graf. survival ranged f.omf.cells transplanted,with a median of.51%of.transplanted cells surviving in the brain;while dopaminergic dif.erentiation of.the cells ranged f.om 0% to 46% of.cells transplanted with a median of.3%.This systematic review suggests that there is considerable scope f.r improvement in the dif.erentiation of.stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors to maximize the therapeutic potential of.this approach f.r patients.

关键词： cell replacement therapy dif.erentiation embryonic stem cells graf. induced pluripotent stem cells Parkinson's disease survival transplant

Deciphering the mechanobiology of.microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès sylvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)results f.om a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms of.-secretase f.r Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao Michael s.Wolf. Computational Medicine Program and Department of.Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of.Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-secretase,called“the proteasome of.the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch f.mily of.cell-surf.ce *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset f.milial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-secretase has thus served as a critical drug target f.r treating f.milial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of.processive proteolysis of.substrates,the ef.ects of.f.milial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of.substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we f.cus on recent studies of.structural dynamic mechanisms of.-*** mechanisms,including the“f.t-stay-Trim,”“sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed f.r substrate proteolysis of.amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of.the Notch1 substrate was identif.ed in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of.Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of.Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successf.lly capturedγ-secretase activation f.r proper cleavages of.both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of.various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the ef.ects of.f.milial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of.whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided f.r f.ture studies of.-secretase,including pathways of.substrate binding and product release,ef.ects of.modulators on f.milial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

Topsoil as Af.ected by Dung Deposition Under Resting Places of.Red Howler Monkey (Alouatta seniculus)

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 691-698页

作者： s. POUVELLE f. f.ER J. f. PONGE Musum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7179 4 avenue du Petit-Chateau

The short-term inf.uence of.dung deposition and the f.rther redistribution of.dung by dung beetles were studied under a resting place of.the red howler monkey （Alouatta seniculus） living in tropical ralnf.rests of.south America. Monkey dung was experimentally clumped on the f.eld in a place used by troops of.howler monkeys f.r resting in the Nouragues Reserve station, f.ench Guiana. Dung-treated plots were sampled serially over three weeks and compared with controls located in their immediate vicinity. The composition of.the soil matrix （top 10 cm） was studied in successive microlayers using an optical method. Under the inf.uence of.dung beetle activity, the topsoil became more homogeneous by losing its litter, its content in earthworm f.eces increased in the course of.time, and surf.ce mineral deposits were penetrated by roots. The results were interpreted in the light of.present knowledge on the ef.ects of.soil animal activity on plant growth and survival of.seedlings.

关键词： dung beetle activity earthworm f.eces roots tropical ralnf.rests

soil Properties in Conif.rous f.rest stands Along a f.y Ash Deposition Gradient in Eastern Germany

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Pedosphere 2005年第6期15卷 681-694页

作者： s. KLOsE f. MAKEsCHIN Institute of.soil science Faculty of Forest Geo and Hydro Sciences Dresden University of Technology P.O. 1117 D-01735 Tharandt (Germany)

Physical, chemical, and microbial properties of.f.rest soils subjected to long-term f.y ash depositions were analyzed in spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands of.eastern Germany on three f.rest sites along an emission gradient of.3 (high input), 6, and 15 km (low input) downwind of.a coal-f.red power plant. Past emissions resulted in an atypical high mass of.mineral f.y ash constituents in the organic horizons at the high input site of.128 t ha-1 compared to 58 t ha-1 at the low input site. Magnetic susceptibility measurements proved that the high mineral content of.the f.rest f.oor was a result of.f.y ash accumulation in these f.rest stands. f.y ash deposition in the organic horizons at site I versus III signif.cantly increased the pH values, ef.ective cation exchange capacity, base saturation and, with exception of.the L horizon, concentrations of.mobile heavy metals Cd, Cr, and Ni, while stocks of.organic C generally decreased. A principal component analysis showed that organic C content and base status mainly controlled soil microbial biomass and microbial respiration rates at these sites, while pH and mobile f.actions of.Cd, Cr, and Ni governed enzyme activities. Additionally, it was hypothesized that long-term f.y ash emissions would eventually destabilize f.rest ecosystems. Theref.re, the results of.this study could become a usef.l tool f.r risk assessment in f.rest ecosystems that were subjected to past emissions f.om coal-f.red power plants.

关键词： conif.rous f.rests f.y ash deposition magnetic susceptibility microbial biomass mobile heavy metal f.action

Complementary roles of.glial cells in generating region-specif.c neuroinf.ammatory responses and phagocytosis in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2917-2918页

作者： Leyre Ayerra Maria s.Aymerich Universidad de Navarra Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de Bioquímica y GenéticaPamplonaSpain CIMA-Universidad de Navarra PamplonaSpain IdisNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de NavarraPamplonaSpain

Neuroinf.ammation is associated with Parkinson’s disease:Reactive gliosis and neuroinf.ammation are hallmarks of.Parkinson’s disease(PD),a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of.dopaminergic *** has long been considered a mere consequence of.neuronal loss,but whether it promotes PD or is a key player in disease progression remains to be *** leukocyte antigen.

关键词： inf.ammation leukocyte generating

Understanding activity of.butyrate at a cellular level

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2323-2324页

作者： Prapti Chakraborty Angela s.Laird Macquarie University Motor Neuron Disease Research Centre Macquarie Medical SchoolFaculty of MedicineHealth and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

Butyrate is a short-chain f.tty acid of.f.ur carbons in length that is a by-product produced by the microbial f.rmentation of.dietary f.ber and undigested carbohydrates within the *** the years,butyrate has attracted ... 详细信息

关键词： carbons butyrate f.ber

Microglial dysf.nction and genetic risk f.r neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra s.MacDonald Jay Penney Department of.Biomedical sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of.the mechanisms that underlie the development of.these diseases remains f.r f.om com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and f.nancial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of.the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases