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Investigation of HCAR2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modulate bovine leukocytes

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1567-1577页

作者： Laman K.Mamedova Kirby C.Krogstad Paiton O.McDonald Laxman Pokhrel Duy H.Hua evan C.Titgemeyer Barry J.Bradford Department of Animal science Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan 48824USA Department of Animal sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology East LansingMI 48824USA Department of Chemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Dairy cows experiencing ketosis after calving suffer greater disease incidence and are at greater risk of leaving the herd. In vitro administration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid(BHBA;the primary blood ketone) has inhibitory effects on the function of bovine leukocytes. BHBA is a ligand of HCAR2 and the activation of these receptors promotes an anti-inflammatory response which may be related with immunosuppression observed in transition dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to identify and test antagonists for HCAR2 in bovine immune cells cultured with *** We observed expression of HCAR2 at the protein level within lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes. The proportion of cells expressing HCAR2 tended to be greater in mid-lactation compared to early lactation cows;the increase was a result of increased proportion of T and B cells expressing HCAR2. stimulation of HCAR2 with niacin or BHBA promoted Ca^(2+) mobilization in neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Mononuclear cells treated with BHBA had diminished intracellular Ca^(2+) responses when HCAR2 was knocked down by si RNA silencing, indicating Ca^(2+) mobilization was mediated by HCAR2 signaling. Two candidate antagonists for HCAR2, synthesized from niacin(NA-1 and NA-5), were tested;monocytes and neutrophils pre-treated with NA-1 and NA-5 had reduced Ca^(2+) mobilization after incubation with BHBA. Furthermore, NA-5 but not NA-1 prevented BHBA-associated reductions in cyclic *** We demonstrated that HCAR2 is present on bovine leukocytes and has greater expression later in lactation. We confirmed that BHBA and niacin derived HCAR2 antagonists alter bovine leukocyte activity. Our results demonstrate that both BHBA and niacin affect bovine leukocyte Ca^(2+) mobilization in a HCAR2-dependent manner.

关键词： Flow cytometry GPR109A HM74A Ketosis

Intracellular compartmentation of cAMP promotes neuroprotection and regeneration of CNs neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第2期12卷 201-202页

作者： evan G.Cameron Michael s.Kapiloff Byers Eye Institute Stanford University Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine Leonard M.Miller School of MedicineUniversity of Miami

In the central nervous system（CNs）,cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP）plays a critical role in numerous,often concurrent,neuronal functions including survival,growth,differentiation and synaptogenesis.

关键词： AMP PDEs CNs

Predicting the synthesizability of crystalline inorganic materials from the data of known material compositions

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 733-743页

作者： evan R.Antoniuk Gowoon Cheon George Wang Daniel Bernstein William Cai evan J.Reed Materials science Division Physical and Life Sciences DirectorateLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Department of Chemistry Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Google Research Mountain ViewCAUSA Department of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Mathematics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Computer science Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Materials science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA

Reliably identifying synthesizable inorganic crystalline materials is an unsolved challenge required for realizing autonomous materials *** this work,we develop a deep learning synthesizability model(synthNN)that leverages the entire space of synthesized inorganic chemical *** reformulating material discovery as a synthesizability classification task,synthNN identifies synthesizable materials with 7×higher precision than with DFT-calculated formation *** a head-to-head material discovery comparison against 20 expert material scientists,synthNN outperforms all experts,achieves 1.5×higher precision and completes the task five orders of magnitude faster than the best human ***,without any prior chemical knowledge,our experiments indicate that synthNN learns the chemical principles of charge-balancing,chemical family relationships and ionicity,and utilizes these principles to generate synthesizability *** development of synthNN will allow for synthesizability constraints to be seamlessly integrated into computational material screening workflows to increase their reliability for identifying synthetically accessible materials.

关键词： inorganic crystalline utilize

Genetic variation and potential coinfection of Wolbachia among widespread Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) populations

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Insect science 2019年第4期26卷 671-682页

作者： Chia-Ching Chu Mark Hoffmann W. evan Braswell Kirsten s. Pelz-stelinski Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida Lake Alfred Florida USA 3Department of Horticultural sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA Center for Plant Health science and Technology USDA APHIS Edinburg Texas USA

Wolbachia can profoundly influence the survival, reproduction, and defenses of insect hosts. These interactions could potentially be harnessed for managing pests or insecttransmitted diseases. Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is a phloem-feeding pest capable of transmitting the putative causal agent of citrus greening, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). Like many insects, D. citri is also infected with Wolbachia (wDi). Recent studies indicate that the relative abundance of wDi could be associated with the abundance of CLas, and that wDi may contribute to regulating expression of phage lytic cycle genes in CLas, suggesting the need for better understanding of wDi biology in general. This study investigated the genetic diversity of wDi among D. citri in populations spanning eleven countries and two U.s. territories. six Wolbachia genes, wsp, ***, gatB, and hep A, were sequenced and compared across samples. Two prevalent wDi strains were identified across the samples, and screening of clone libraries revealed possible coinfection of wDi strains in specific populations. D. citri mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (mtCOI) were more divergent between D. citri populations that were infected with different wDi strains or had different infection statuses (single infection vs. coinfection). While we could not eliminate the possibility that maternal transmission may contribute to such patterns, it is also possible that wDi may induce cytoplasmic incompatibility in their host. These fin dings should contribute to the understanding of wDi population ecology, which may facilitate manipulation of this endosymbiont for management of citrus greening disease worldwide.

关键词： bacteria genetic diversity Huanglongbing plant disease superinfection vertically transmitted endosymbionts

China’s transitioning class identity

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China Finance and Economic Review 2016年第1期5卷 71-87页

作者： evan Osborne Department of Economics Wright State University

China’s rapid economic transformation is similar in some ways to those that have occurred in other East Asian *** the changing structure of perceived class identity that occurs in many rapidly growing economies is found to be absent in China,and in fact as China has continued to grow such change as has occurred is found to be downward,despite the immense material improvement *** data on income distribution in China do not explain this phenomenon,but anomalies in China’s urban real-estate market might.

关键词： Housing market class identity middle class social effects of economic growth

Cascade of care for children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第12期27卷 1117-1131页

作者： Michael evan Rogers William F Balistreri Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection presents a significant global public health *** 2015,over 400000 deaths worldwide were attributed to HCV *** led the World Health Organization(WHO)in 2016 to set the ambitious goal of eliminating HCV by ***-centered guidelines have been established in order to provide direction for healthcare professionals,allowing integration of the newest screening policies and therapeutic strategies into their ***,for children and adolescents,HCV is a significant,unrecognized public health *** infection rates in the United states in women of childbearing age and those who are pregnant have increased in parallel with the rising opioid *** estimated 29000 women with HCV infection gave birth each year from 2011 to 2014 in the United states,with approximately 1700 of their infants being infected with *** HCV-specific therapeutics,namely direct acting antivirals(DAA),has brought a new and highly successful approach to treatment of hepatitis *** studies have confirmed similar levels of effectiveness and safety of DAA therapies in the pediatric ***,an enhanced cascade of care,which should include the population under 18 years of age,can help achieve the WHO goal by focusing on elimination in the youngest *** review will present an overview of the natural history,clinical features,and management of HCV in children and adolescents.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis C education Hepatitis C elimination

Method of cells-based multiscale modeling of elastic properties of filament wound C/C-siC including free si and matrix porosity

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2019年第12期35卷 2906-2918页

作者： evan J.Pineda Marek Fassin stefanie Reese Jaan-Willem simon NAsA Glenn Research Center 21000 Brookpark RoadMS 49/7ClevelandOH 44135United States Institute for Applied Mechanics RWTH Aachen UniversityMies-van-der-Rohe-Str.152074 AachenGermany

Three different multiscale models, based on the method of cells(generalized and high fidelity) micromechanics models were developed and used to predict the elastic properties of C/C-siC composites. In particular, the following multiscale modeling strategies were employed: Concurrent modeling of all phases using the generalized method of cells, synergistic(two-way coupling in space) multiscale modeling with the generalized method of cells, and hierarchical(one-way coupling in space) multiscale modeling with the high fidelity generalized method of cells. The three models are validated against data from a hierarchical multiscale finite element model in the literature for a repeating unit cell of C/***, the multiscale models are used in conjunction with classical lamination theory to predict the stiffness of C/C-siC plates manufactured via a wet filament winding and liquid silicon infiltration process recently developed by the German Aerospace Institute. Finally, un-reacted si(or free si) and porosity in the C matrix are included in the multiscale model, and the effect of these new phases on the stiffness and local stresses are considered.

关键词： Multiscale modeling C/C-siC Ceramic matrix composites

Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases following systemic chemotherapy and surgical resection for metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第1期9卷 20-25页

作者： Mina s Makary Lawrence s Krishner evan J Wuthrick Mark P Bloomston Joshua D Dowell Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of surgical Oncology Department of Surgery and James Cancer Hospital and Richard Solove Research Institute the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignancy with generally poor outcomes and limited treatment *** surgical resection can be curative for early local disease,most patients present with advanced ACC owing to nonspecific *** those patients,treatment options include systemic chemotherapy and locoregional therapies including radiofrequency ablation and transarterial *** present the first reported case of utilizing yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy(sIRT)in combination with first line EDP-M(Etoposide,Doxorubicin,Cisplatin,Mitotane)chemotherapy and debulking surgical primary tumor resection for treatment of metastatic *** complete radiologic response has been maintained after twelve months with resolution of clinical *** findings prompt the need for further consideration and studies to elucidate the role of sIRT in combination with systemic and surgical treatment for metastatic ACC.

关键词： Adrenocortical carcinoma Hepatic metastases Radioembolization Yttrium-90

Pulse Laser Deposition of HfO_(2)Nanoporous-Like structure,Physical Properties for Device Fabrication

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第11期10卷 2819-2834页

作者： shams B.Ali sarmad Fawzi Hamza Alhasan evan T.salim Forat H.Alsultany Omar s.Dahham Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Applied science Department University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq Al-Mustaqbal University College Department of Medical PhysicsHillahIraq Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia PerlisPerlisMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringCihan University-ErbilKurdistan RegionIraq

The pulsed laser deposition(PLD)technology was used to effectively create conductive nano and micro hafnium oxide with great purity and transparency for(HfO_(2))*** many optoelectronics devices and their applications,the presence of a high dielectric substance like a nano HfO2,between the metal contacts and the substrates was *** used the Pulsed Laser Deposition method to fabricate an Al/HfO_(2)/p-si schottky barrier diode where the nanostructured HfO2 films as an intermediate layer and varied substrate *** optical result reveals a high degree of transparency(93%).The optical bandgap of deposited HfO2 films was observed to vary between 4.9 and 5.3 eV,with a value of roughly 5.3 eV at the optimal preparation *** morphology of the surface shows a high homogeneous nano structure with the average values of the roughness about(0.3 nm).With regard to substrate temperature,the produced factor ideality for fabricated diode was determined to be lowering and the associated values of the barrier height rose based on *** regard to substrate temperature,the produced factor ideality for fabricated diode was determined to be lowering and the associated values of the barrier height rose based on I-V *** diode manufactured at 600℃,in particular,had a higher ideality factor value(n=3.2).

关键词： Pulse laser deposition nano films optoelectronics HfO_(2) optical device