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Chimera RNA interference knockdown of γ-synuclein in human cortical astrocytes results in mitotic catastrophe

Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1894-1902页

作者： Timmy Le Cynthia L.Winham Fotis Andromidas Adam C.Silver evan R.Jellison Aime A.Levesque Andrew O.Koob Graduate Program in Neuroscience Biology DepartmentUniversity of HartfordWest HartfordCTUSA Department of Immunology UCONN Health CenterFarmingtonCTUSA

Elevated levels of γ-synuclein(γ-syn)expression have been noted in the progression of glioblastomas,and also in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases.γ-Syn can be either internalized from the extracellular milieu or expressed endogenously by human cortical ***γ-syn results in increased cellular proliferation,brain derived neurotrophic factor release and ***,the function of endogenousγ-syn in primary astrocytes,and the relationship to these two opposing disease states are unknown.γ-Syn is expressed by astrocytes in the human cortex,and to gain a better understanding of the role of endogenous γ-syn,primary human cortical astrocytes were treated with chimera RNA interference(RNAi)targeting γ-syn after release from cell *** polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated an increase in endogenousγ-syn expression 48 hours after release from cell synchronization,while RNAi reduced γ-syn expression to control *** of Ki67 and 5-bromodeoxyuridine showed chimera RNAi γ-syn knockdown reduced cellular proliferation at 24 and 48 hours after release from cell *** further investigate the consequence of γ-syn knockdown on the astrocytic cell cycle,phosphorylated histone H3 pSer10(pHH3)and phosphorylated cyclin dependent kinase-2 pTyr15(pCDK2)levels were observed via western blot *** results revealed an elevated expression of pHH3,but not pCDK2,indicating γ-syn knockdown leads to disruption of the cell cycle and chromosomal compaction after 48 ***,flow cytometry with propidium iodide determined that increases in apoptosis coincided with γ-syn ***,γ-syn exerts its effect to allow normal astrocytic progression through the cell cycle,as evidenced by decreased proliferation marker expression,increased pHH3,and mitotic catastrophe after *** this study,we demonstrated that the knockdown of γ-syn with

关键词： apoptosis astrocyte cell cycle glioblastomas phospho-histone H3 proliferation synuclein

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Yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases following systemic chemotherapy and surgical resection for metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第1期9卷 20-25页

作者： Mina S Makary Lawrence S Krishner evan J Wuthrick Mark P Bloomston Joshua D Dowell Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal Medicine the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery and James Cancer Hospital and Richard Solove Research Institute the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Adrenocortical carcinoma(ACC)is a rare malignancy with generally poor outcomes and limited treatment *** surgical resection can be curative for early local disease,most patients present with advanced ACC owing to nonspecific *** those patients,treatment options include systemic chemotherapy and locoregional therapies including radiofrequency ablation and transarterial *** present the first reported case of utilizing yttrium-90 microsphere selective internal radiation therapy(SIRT)in combination with first line EDP-M(Etoposide,Doxorubicin,Cisplatin,Mitotane)chemotherapy and debulking surgical primary tumor resection for treatment of metastatic *** complete radiologic response has been maintained after twelve months with resolution of clinical *** findings prompt the need for further consideration and studies to elucidate the role of SIRT in combination with systemic and surgical treatment for metastatic ACC.

关键词： Adrenocortical carcinoma Hepatic metastases Radioembolization Yttrium-90

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A Revised Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles in Camiguin Sur,Misamis Oriental,Mindaanao,Philippines

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第1期11卷 28-43页

作者： Russell evan L·VENTURINA Ynigo Luis C·DEL PRADO Rhim Ayyah C·KAMIR Marlon N·BALMORES Arvin C·DIESMOS Department of Biology College of ScienceDe La Salle UniversityTaft AvenueManila The Graduate School University of Santo TomasEsparaManila Mindanao State Uniersity-ligan Institute of Technology Iligan CityMindanao Herpetology Section Zoology DivisionNational Museum of Natural HistoryPhilippines

The Philippines is listed as one of the world's megadiverse countries despite its small ***,it is also on the list of global biodiversity conservation *** the threat of extinction at an all-time high,better understa nding of the archipelago's biodiversity will provide invalua ble baseline information for proper conservation *** we provide an upda ted checklist on the herpetological biodiversity of Ca miguin Sur,Misa mis Oriental,Minda nao,*** surveys and specimen collection from the municipality of Mambajao resulted in a total of 28 species(13 anurans,11 lizards,and four snakes)-all well represented by voucher *** data provides seven additional species records,upda ting the island's total amphibian and reptile species count to 57,with about half Philippine *** in the new records are three invasive alien species of amphibians:The Cane Toad Rhinella marina,the Greenhouse Frog Eleutherodatylus planirstris,and the Asiatic Painted Narrowmouth Toad Kaloula pulchra.

关键词： Camiguin Sur amphibians and reptiles biodiversity Conservation

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Litter age interacted with N and P addition to impact soil N_(2)O emissions in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第4期15卷 771-782页

作者： Shuli Wang Xi Yuan Ling Zhang Fusheng Chen Xiangmin Fang Xiaojun Liu Bangliang Deng Nasir Shad Wenyuan Zhang Xiaofei Hu Xiaomin Guo evan Siemann Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Silviculture College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China School of Management Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Department of Biosciences Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

Litter decomposition impacts carbon(C)and nutrient ***(N)and phosphorus(P)addition as well as litter age impact litter *** of nutrient addition and litter age on litter decomposition may impact emissions of soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),which is an important greenhouse ***,no study has examined the effects of interactions between litter age and nutrient addition on soil N_(2)O emissions,and explored the underlining mechanisms simultaneously,thus limiting our evaluation of litter decomposition effects on N_(2)O *** with different age was collected from Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations experienced N and P addition treatments to examine the effects of nutrient addition and litter age on N_(2)O emissions by incubation *** age generally increased N_(2)O emissions via a decrease in litter C:N *** P addition decreased N_(2)O emissions,N addition increased them mainly by positive effects on soil enzymes as indicated by microbial functional genes associated with N_(2)O production and negative effects on litter C:N *** age and nutrient addition interacted to impact soil N_(2)O *** future forest management,both nutrient addition and litter age should be considered in evaluation of management effects on N_(2)O emissions,especially thinning or selectively cutting involving litter input with different age.

关键词： Chinese fir functional genes greenhouse gases litter decomposition N_(2)O mitigation path analysis

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SYNTAX Ⅱ评分对高龄老年冠心病患者接受冠状动脉介入治疗的疗效评估及价值

SYNTAX Ⅱ评分对高龄老年冠心病患者接受冠状动脉介入治疗的疗效...

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作者： evan Kurniawan 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

目的:探讨SYNTAX Ⅱ评分对高龄老年冠心病患者接受PCI后的1年随访的预后预测的价值,同时与SYNTAX评分进行比较。背景:目前,在接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）的患者中,≥85岁的人群＞11%,而这一比... 详细信息

目的:探讨SYNTAX Ⅱ评分对高龄老年冠心病患者接受PCI后的1年随访的预后预测的价值,同时与SYNTAX评分进行比较。背景:目前,在接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）的患者中,≥85岁的人群＞11%,而这一比例正随着人口老龄化的加剧逐渐提高。80岁以上的冠心病患者行PCI手术风险增加,既往随机对照研究往往将该部分人群纳入排除标准。高龄老年患者往往合并疾病多,冠状动脉病变复杂程度高,经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）并发症的发生率更高。2 0 0 5年Sianos等提出了SYNTAX评分（SYNergy between PCI with TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery）,评价无保护左主干病变和3支血管病变的复杂程度,评分将冠状动脉解剖病变,长病变、弥漫病变、开口病变、分叉病变、钙化病变、慢性闭塞病变、扭曲病变等包含在内,指导进一步的临床治疗是评价冠状动脉病变的复杂程度的最终目的。SYNTAX研究的3年临床随访结果显示,由于在PCI组,中积分组及高积分组事件发生率增高,证实SYNTAX评分是评价预后有价值的工具,并且可以指导临床治疗方案的选择。Guiseppe等提出,在SYNTAX评分的基础上,结合EURO评分和AMIS评分,更有利于评估7老年患者接受PCI术预后。此外,Sinning等发现,相比单纯SYNTAX评分,SYNTAX评分与EURO评分结合对于老年患者接受PCI术后1年死亡率的预测更为准确。Clinical SYNTAX（CSS）评分是在SYNTAX评分基于上,增加了ACEF评分。ACEF评分采用某些临床因素（年龄,血清肌酐水平,左室射血分数）评估PCI的预后。研究显示,CSS评分在预测5年死亡率及5年心脏不良事件方面比SYNTAX评分或ACEF评分更准确。Farooq等提出了SYNTAX-II评分模型,在SYNTAX评分基础上增加了一些临床因素,将冠状动脉解剖因素与临床因素结合,用于预测复杂冠状动脉疾病患者4年死亡率。SYNTAXⅡ评分是应用Cox比例风险模型随机的对SYNTAX实验所有人评分得出的结果,把对PCI或（和）CABG患者4年死亡率有密切关系的基线特征与解剖SYNTAX评分相加,预测PCI术后及CABG术后每个患者远期死亡率,即SYNTAXⅡ评分=SYNTAX评分+临床变量,性别、年龄、左室射血分数（LVEF）、肌酐清除率、左主干病变、慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）、外周血管疾病（PVD）这些临床变量被包含在临床变量中。对于左主干病变患者,SYNTAX-II评分比SYNTAX评分能更好地预测4年死亡率。此外,Campos等提出利用SYNTAX-II评分进行危险分层较SYNTAX评分更准确。方法:本研究纳入研究对象为自2012年01月01日至2014年01月01日间,80至89岁之间,在我院冠状动脉造影检查并行经皮冠脉介入治疗及药物洗脱支架植入术。入选标准为:（1）年龄80-89岁;（2）具有无症状性缺血证据、稳定性或不稳定性心绞痛,急性冠脉综合症或陈旧性心肌梗死患者;（3）靶病变为原位冠状动脉病变;（4）靶病变直径狭窄程度≥70%（目测法）;（5）单支或者多支血管病变;（6）每一靶病变均植入药物洗脱支架。排除标准:（1）有出血倾向、活动性消化道溃疡史、脑出血或蛛网膜下腔出血史、半年内脑卒中史、抗血小板制剂和抗凝剂治疗禁忌无法进行抗凝治疗的患者;（2）对阿司匹林、氯吡格雷或噻氯吡啶、肝素、造影剂、雷帕霉素及金属过敏者;（3）患者的预期寿命小于12个月;（4）既往有冠状动脉搭桥手术史（5）心脏移植接受者。自2012年01月01日至2014年01月01日共入选345例受试者符合入选标准。基中9例受试者因为冠脉造影数据丢失排除,13例受试者因为临床随访数据丢失排除,剩下308例进行研究统计及分析。本研究应用欧洲心血管介入学会SYNTAX Ⅱ评分对高龄老年冠心病患者（80-89岁之间）1年预后进行评估。主要终点事件包括全因死亡事件及心源性死亡事件。心源性死亡的定义为全部因心源性死亡及全部不明确原因的死亡事件。次要终点事件包括主要不良心脑血管事件（MACCE）。MACCE的定义包括了全因死亡事件、心源性死亡事件、非致死性心肌梗死、非计划性靶血管血运重建、非致死性脑血管意外及心源性住院。收集患者的临床基线资料,对所有研究对象进行完整的病史采集及体格检查,记录年龄、吸烟史、既往病史如原发性高血压、糖尿病、血脂紊乱、冠心病家族史、既往心肌梗死病史、既往PCI史病史及本次发病的冠心病类型:隐匿性冠心病、稳定性心绞痛、急性冠脉综合征。所有纳入对象入院后第二日晨空腹12小时静脉采血,行血常规、空腹及餐后2小时血糖、肝肾功能、电解质、心肌蛋白全套

关键词：冠状动脉介入治疗 SYNTAX Ⅱ评分高龄老年

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Estrogen deficiency reversibly induces telomere shortening in mouse granulosa cells and ovarian aging in vivo

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Protein & Cell 2011年第4期2卷 333-346页

作者： Sharyn Bayne He Li Margaret E.E.Jones Alex R.Pinto Michelle van Sinderen Ann Drummond evan R.Simpson Jun-Ping Liu Department of Immunology Central Eastern Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityVictoria 3800Australia Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research Clayton VIC 3168Australia Current address:Research Services M459The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCRAWLEY WA 6009Australia Current address:Murdoch Children’s Research Institute Royal Children’s HospitalParkvilleVic 3052Australia

Estrogen is implicated as playing an important role in aging and tumorigenesis of estrogen responsive tissues;however the mechanisms underlying the mitogenic actions of estrogen are not fully *** we report that estrogen deficiency in mice caused by targeted disruption of the aromatase gene results in a signi-ficant inhibition of telomerase maintenance of telomeres in mouse ovaries in a tissue-specific *** inhibition entails a significant shortening of telomeres and compromised proliferation in the follicular granulosa cell compartment of *** expression analysis showed decreased levels of proto-oncogene c-Myc and the telomerase catalytic subunit,telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT),in response to estrogen *** replacement therapy led to increases in TERT gene expression,telomerase activity,telomere length and ovarian tissue growth,thereby reinstating ovary development to normal in four *** data demonstrate for the first time that telomere maintenance is the primary mechanism mediating the mitogenic effect of estrogen on ovarian granulosa cell proliferation by upregulating the genes of c-Myc and TERT in *** deficiency or over-activity may cause ovarian tissue aging or tumorigenesis,respectively,through estrogen regulation of telomere remodeling.

关键词： estrogen telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT) telomeres ovary mice

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Understanding temporal stability:a long-term analysis of USDA ARS watersheds

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第10期14卷 1243-1254页

作者： evan J.Coopersmith Michael H.Cosh Patrick J.Starks David D.Bosch Chandra Holifield Collins Mark Seyfried Stan Livingston John Prueger Soil Insight LLCWashington D.C.USA USDA-Agricultural Research Service Beltsville Agricultural Research CenterHydrology and Remote Sensing LaboratoryBeltsvilleUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Grazinglands Research Laboratory El RenoUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory TiftonUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southwest Watershed Research Center TucsonUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Northwest Watershed Research Laboratory BoiseUSA USDAAgricultural Research Service-National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory West LafayetteUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesUSA

The *** of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service(USDAARS)maintains seven in situ soil moisture networks throughout the continental United States,some since *** networks are crucial for understanding the spatial and temporal extent of droughts in their historical context,parameterization of hydrologic models,and local agricultural decision ***,the estimates from these networks are dependent upon their ability to provide reliable soil moisture information at a large *** is also not known how many network stations are sufficient to monitor watershed scale ***,the objectives of this research were to:(1)determine how temporally stable these networks are,including the relationships between various sensors on a year-to-year and seasonal basis,and(2)attempt to determine how many sensors are required,within a network,to approximate the full network *** data from seven in situ,it is concluded that approximately 12 soil moisture sensors are sufficient in most environments,presuming their locations are distributed to capture the hydrologic heterogeneity of the *** is possible to install a temporary network containing a suitable number of sensors for an appropriate length of time,glean stable relationships between locations,and retain these insights moving forward with fewer sensor resources.

关键词： Soil moisture temporal stability in situ networks

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Climate Change Impact on Wheat Production in the Southern Great Plains of the US Using Downscaled Climate Data

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2018年第2期8卷 143-162页

作者： Kundan Dhakal Vijaya Gopal Kakani evan Linde Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA High Performance Computing Center Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA

Gradually developing climatic and weather anomalies due to increasing concentration of atmospheric greenhouse gases can pose threat to farmers and resource managers. There is a growing need to quantify the effects of rising temperature and changing climates on crop yield and assess impact at a finer scale so that specific adaptation strategies pertinent to that location can be developed. Our work aims to quantify and evaluate the influence of future climate anomalies on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield under the Representative Concentration Pathways 6.0 and 8.5 using downscaled climate projections from different General Circulation Models (GCMs) and their ensemble. Marksim downscaled daily data of maximum (TMax) and minimum (TMin) air temperature, rainfall, and solar radiation (SRAD) from different Coupled Model Intercomparison Project GCMs (CMIP5 GCMs) were used to simulate the wheat yield in water and nitrogen limiting and non-limiting conditions for the future period of 2040-2060. The potential impact of climate changes on winter wheat production across Oklahoma was investigated. Climate change predictions by the downscaled GCMs suggested increase in air temperature and decrease in total annual rainfall. This will be really critical in a rainfed and semi-arid agro-ecological region of Oklahoma. Predicted average wheat yield during 2040-2060 increased under projected climate change, compared with the baseline years 1980-2014. Our results indicate that downscaled GCMs can be applied for climate projection scenarios for future regional crop yield assessment.

关键词： Wheat Climate Change Marksim GCMs Downscaling

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Blood glucose changes surrounding initiation of tumor-necrosis factor inhibitors and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in veterans with rheumatoid arthritis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第2期9卷 53-58页

作者： Patrick R Wood evan Manning Joshua F Baker Bryant England Lisa Davis Grant W Cannon Ted R Mikuls Liron Caplan Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Pennsylvania Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Nebraska Denver Health and Hospital Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado George Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center Division of Rheumatology University of Utah

AIM To determine the scope of acute hypoglycemic effects for certain anti-rheumatic medications in a large retrospective observational study. METHODS Patients enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry were selected who, during follow-up, initiated treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi's, including etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, or certolizumab), prednisone, or conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs), and for whom proximate random blood glucose (RBG) measurements were available within a window 2-wk prior to, and 6 mo following, medication initiation. Similar data were obtained for patients with proximate values available for glycosylated hemoglobin A1C values within a window 2 mo preceding, and 12 mo following, medication initiation. RBG and A1C measurements were compared before and after initiation events using paired t-tests, and multivariate regression analysis was performed including established comorbidities and *** Two thousands one hundred and eleven patients contributed at least one proximate measurement surrounding the initiation of any examined medication. A significant decrease in RBG was noted surrounding 653 individual hydroxychloroquine-initiation events(-3.68 mg/dL, P = 0.04), while an increase was noted for RBG surrounding 665 prednisone-initiation events(+5.85 mg/d L, P < 0.01). A statistically significant decrease in A1C was noted for sulfasalazine initiation, as measured by 49 individual initiation events(-0.70%, P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analyses, using methotrexate as the referent, suggest sulfasalazine (β =-0.58, P = 0.01) and hydroxychloroquine(β =-5.78, P = 0.01) use as predictors of lower post-medicationinitiation RBG and A1C values, respectively. Analysis by drug class suggested prednisone (or glucocorticoids) as predictive of higher medication-initiation event RBG among all start events as compared to DMARDs, while this analysis did not

关键词： Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs Drug toxicity Glucocorticoids Rheumatoid arthritis Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors

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Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess: Cord Compression with Permanent Neurological Defects

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Surgical Science 2023年第8期14卷 557-564页

作者： evan Cohen Melissa Zahl Lindsay Hock Michael Olshansky Montefiore St. Luke’s Cornwall Hospital Newburgh NY USA Touro College of Medicine Middletown NY USA

Spinal epidural abscesses (SEA) are considerably rare and tend to present over two to five vertebral segments. Occasionally, there will be two or more noncontiguous areas of pyogenic collections [1]. Minimal cases have been reported to span the entire vertebral column;a meta-analysis estimates that 1% of all SEA are holospinal [2]. The triad of presenting symptoms includes fever, back pain (often midline), and neurologic defects [1] [2] [3]. Early detection is identified as a critical aspect of improved outcomes. Cases that do not present in this manner or with other masking symptoms can lead to delayed diagnosis, thus delaying treatment. In the event of cord compression, the occurrence of neurologic defects increases. Time from the onset of clinical manifestations to the operating room is crucial in reversing symptoms [2]. This article seeks to review a case of a 65-year-old male that presented to the emergency department (ED) due to a falling second to weakness and thigh pain. On presentation, he was also noted to have rhabdomyolysis causing acute kidney injury (AKI) with tubular necrosis. The patient was admitted to the hospital with a complex history of progressive leg weakness, pain in the lower back, incontinence, and elevated white blood cell count. Days into the admission, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed, which revealed a continuous posterior SEA from C4 to S2 with anterior mass effect causing spinal cord compression. Emergency neurosurgery was scheduled for laminectomies in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine to drain the abscess. Evaluation of this complex medical course, surgical approach to drainage of an incessant spinal column abscess, and sustained neurologic defects will be discussed.

关键词： Spinal Epidural Abscess Holospinal Abscess Cauda Equina Spinal Compression

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