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Long-term changes in biological soil crust cover and composition

Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 54-63页

作者： eva Dettweiler-Robinson Jeanne M Ponzetti Jonathan D Bakker Department of Biology University of New MexicoMSC0320201 University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 98131U.S.A. 2914 Central St.SE OlympiaWA 98501U.S.A. School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonBox 354115SeattleWA98195-4115U.S.A.

Introduction:Communities change over time due to disturbances,variations in climate,and species *** soil crust communities are important because they contribute to erosion control and nutrient *** types may respond differently to changes in environmental conditions:single-celled organisms and bryophytes quickly recover after a disturbance,while lichens are slow growing and dominate favorable *** change in crusts has seldom been assessed using repeated *** this study,we hypothesized that changes in crust composition were related to disturbance,topographic position,and invasive ***:We monitored permanent plots in the Columbia Basin in 1999 and 2010 and compared changes in crust composition,cover,richness,and turnover with predictor variables of herbivore exclosure,elevation,heat load index,time since fire,presence of an invasive grass,and change in cover of the invasive ***:Bryophytes were cosmopolitan with high *** lichens did not change *** taxa differed by monitoring *** and total crust cover declined,and there was lower turnover outside of herbivore *** cover did not change *** that burned recently had high *** in taxon richness was correlated with presence of an invasive grass in *** in cover of the invasive grass was positively related to proportional loss and negatively related to ***:Composition and turnover metrics differed significantly over 11 years,though cover was more stable between *** study can be a baseline for assessing change in crust composition due to anthropogenic influences.

关键词： Biological soil crust Columbia basin Composition change Taxa turnover rate Fire Bromus tectorum Livestock exclosure

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Adding body load modifies the vibratory sensation of the foot sole and affects the postural control

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Military Medical Research 2019年第1期6卷 60-66页

作者： Yves Jammes eva Ferrand Corentin Fraud Alain Boussuges Jean Paul Weber School of Podiatry C2VN Inra Inserm Faculty of Medicine Aix Marseille University

Background: Heavy backpacks are often used by soldiers and firefighters. Weight carrying could reduce the speed and efficiency in task completion by altering the foot sole sensitivity and postural ***: In fifteen healthy subjects, we measured the changes in sensitivity to vibrations applied to the foot sole when standing upright or walking after load carrying(30% body weight). The participants were asked to judge different vibration amplitudes applied on the 2 nd or 5 th metatarsal head and the heel at two frequencies(25 and 150 Hz) to determine the vibration threshold and the global perceptual representation(Ψ)of the vibration amplitude(Φ)given by the Stevens power function(Ψ=k×Φ~n). Any increase in negative k value indicated a reduction in sensitivity to the lowest loads. Pedobarographic measurements, with computation of the center of pressure(COP) and its deviations, were performed during weight ***: The 25-Hz vibration threshold significantly increased after weight carrying when standing upright or *** standing with the added loads, the absolute negative k value increased for the 25 Hz frequency. After walking with the added loads, the k coefficient increased for the two vibration frequencies. Weight carrying significantly increased both the CoP surface and CoP lateral ***: Our data show that weight carrying reduces the sensory pathways from the foot sole and accentuates the center of pressure deviations.

关键词： Foot sole sensitivity Vibration Weight carrying Postural control

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Successful use of adalimumab for treating fistulizing Crohn's disease with pyoderma gangrenosum:Two birds with one stone

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第18期15卷 2293-2295页

作者： eva Zold Arpad Nagy Katalin Devenyi Margit Zeher Zsolt Barta Division of Clinical Immunology 3rd Department of MedicineMedical and Health Science CenterUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen 4004Hungary Euromedic Diagnostics Szeged Kft Debrecen 4004Hungary

Crohn＇s disease （CD） is a chronic relapsing and remitting autoinflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that has many intestinal and extraintestinal complications. The purpose of treatment is long-term remission, reduction of complications, and improvement of patients＇ quality of life. In many cases, this can be quite challenging and it is necessary to have a well thought out management strategy. We present the case of a 38-year-old woman with fistulizing CD that manifested as diffuse abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea accompanied by arthralgia. In addition, there were ulcerative lesions surrounded by cutaneous inflammation and erythema on her extremities, indicative of pyoderma gangrenosum. The patient was treated with high doses of parenteral methylprednisolone without any improvement and was started on adalimumab. A positive response to adalimumab therapy was observed： after 2 mo of therapy, the ulcerative skin lesion healed completely and the enterogastric fistula was closed affcer 5 mo adalimumab treatment. Adalimumab might be a suitable initial as well as maintenance therapy in patients with complicated CD.

关键词： Adalimumab Crohn's disease Pyoderma gangrenosum

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Software-aided detection and structural characterization of cyclic peptide metabolites in biological matrix by high-resolution mass spectrometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第3期10卷 240-246页

作者： Ming Yao Tingting Cai eva Duchoslav Li Ma Xu Guo Mingshe Zhu Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization Bristol-Myers SquibbPrincetonNJUSA XenoBiotic Labs WuXi AppTecNanjingChina SCIEX ConcordONL4K 4V8Canada MassDefect Technologies PrincetonNJUSA

Compared to their linear counterparts,cyclic peptides show better biological activities,such as antibacterial,immunosuppressive,and anti-tumor activities,and pharmaceutical properties due to their conformational ***,cyclic peptides could form numerous putative metabolites from potential hydrolytic cleavages and their fragments are very difficult to *** characteristics pose a great challenge when analyzing metabolites of cyclic peptides by mass *** study was to assess and apply a software-aided analytical workflow for the detection and structural characterization of cyclic peptide *** and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)as model cyclic peptides were incubated with trypsin/chymotrypsin and/or rat liver S9,followed by data acquisition using TripleTOF?*** full-scan MS and MS/MS datasets were automatically processed through a combination of targeted and untargeted peak finding ***/MS spectra of predicted metabolites were interrogated against putative metabolite sequences,in light of a,b,y and internal fragment *** resulting fragment assignments led to the confirmation and ranking of the metabolite sequences and identification of metabolic *** a result,29 metabolites with linear or cyclic structures were detected in the insulin incubation with the hydrolytic *** of twenty insulin metabolites were further determined,which were consistent with the hydrolytic sites of these *** the same manner,multiple metabolites of insulin and ANP formed in rat liver S9 incubation were detected and structurally characterized,some of which have not been previously *** results demonstrated the utility of software-aided data processing tool in detection and identification of cyclic peptide metabolites.

关键词： Atrial natriuretic peptide Metabolism of cyclic peptide High resolution mass spectrometry Insulin Software-aided data processing

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On the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第1期16卷 1-23页

作者： Jiaolong ZHANG eva BINDER Hui WANG Mehdi AMINBAGHAI Bernhard LA PICHLER Yong YUAN Herbert A MANG College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Building Technology Linnaeus UniversityVaxjo 35195Sweden School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures TU WienVienna 1040Austria

This review of the added value of multi-scale modeling of concrete is based on three representative *** first one is concerned with the analysis of experimental data,taken from four high-dynamic *** structural nature of the high-dynamic strength increase can be explained by using a multi-scale *** accounts for the microstructure of the *** second example refers to multi-scale thermoelastic analysis of concrete pavements,subjected to solar heating.A sensitivity analysis with respect to the internal relative humidity(RH)of concrete has underlined the great importance of the RH for an assessment of the risk of microcracking of *** third example deals with multi-scale structural analysis of a real-scale test of a segmental tunnel *** has turned out that multi-scale modeling of concrete enables more reliable predictions of crack opening displacements in tunnel segments than macroscopic models taken from codes of ***,it is concluded that multi-scale models have indeed a significant added ***,its degree varies with these *** any case,it can be assessed by means of a comparison of the results from three sources,namely,multi-scale structural analysis,conventional structural analysis,and experiments.

关键词： experiments multi-scale analysis conventional structural analysis concrete reinforced concrete

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Lesion-induced changes of brevican expression in the perineuronal net of the superior vestibular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 649-654页

作者： Agnes Magyar eva Racz Clara Matesz Ervin Wolf Peter Kiss Botond Gaal Pediatrics Clinic Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Division of Oral Anatomy Faculty of DentistryUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary MTA-DE Neuroscience Research Group DebrecenHungary

Damage to the vestibular sense organs evokes static and dynamic deficits in the eye movements,posture and vegetative *** a shorter or longer period of time,the vestibular function is partially or completely restored via a series of processes such as modification in the efficacy of synaptic *** the plasticity of adult central nervous system is associated with the alteration of extracellular matrix,including its condensed form,the perineuronal net,we studied the changes of brevican expression in the perineuronal nets of the superior vestibular nucleus after unilateral labyrinth *** results demonstrated that the unilateral labyrinth lesion and subsequent compensation are accompanied by the changing of brevican staining pattern in the perineuronal nets of superior vestibular nucleus of the *** reduction of brevican in the perineuronal nets of superior vestibular nucleus may contribute to the vestibular plasticity by suspending the non-permissive role of brevican in the restoration of perineuronal net *** a transitory decrease,the brevican expression restored to the control level parallel to the partial restoration of impaired vestibular *** bilateral changing in the brevican expression supports the involvement of commissural vestibular fibers in the vestibular *** experimental procedures were approved by the 'University of Debrecen–Committee of Animal Welfare'(approval No.6/2017/DEMAB) and the 'Scientific Ethics Committee of Animal Experimentation'(approval ***/06/éLB/2270-10/2017;approved on June 6,2017).

关键词： brainstem brevican chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan extracellular matrix labyrinth lesion neural plasticity perineuronal net perisynaptic matrix vestibular compensation vestibular system

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Amyloid fragments and their toxicity on neural cells

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2019年第2期6卷 121-127页

作者： eva Bystrenova Zuzana Bednarikova Marianna Barbalinardo Cristiano Albonetti Francesco Valle Zuzana Gazova Institute of Nanostructured Materials I.S.M.N–C.N.R. via Gobetti101Bologna 40129Italy Department of Biophysics Institute of Experimental Physics SASWatsonova 47Kosice 04353Slovakia

The formation of amyloid fibrils from soluble proteins is a common form of self-assembly phenomenon that has fundamental connections with biological functions and human *** was converted from its soluble native state into highly organized amyloid *** treatment was used to break amyloid fibrils to fibrillar fragments–*** force microscopy and fluorescence microscopy was employed to characterize the morphology of the amyloid assemblies and neural cells–amyloid *** results demonstrate that prefibrillar intermediated and their mixture with proteins exhibit toxicity,although native proteins and fibrils appear to have no effect on number of *** findings confirm that innocuous hen lysozyme can be engineered to produce both cytotoxic fibrillar fragments and non-toxic mature amyloid *** work further strengthens the claim that amyloid conformation,and not the identity of the protein,is key to cellular toxicity and the underlying specific cell death mechanism.

关键词： amyloid fibrils protein aggregation neural cells atomic force microscopy fluorescence microscopy

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Why not to avoid the smell of danger？ Unexpected behavior of the Cypriot mouse surviving on the island invaded by black rats

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 781-791页

作者： Daniel FRYNT Margareta BALADOVA Barbora ELIASOVA Silvie LISKOVA eva LANDOVA Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Charles University Vinicna 7 128 44 Prague 2 Czech Republic National Institut of Mental Health Topolova 748 250 67 Klecany Czech Republic

Mus cypriaeus is a recently discovered endemic species that evolved about half a million years ago on the Cyprus Is- land in an absence of most mammalian predators and competitors. As on other Mediterranean islands, the faunal composition was dramatically changed by the invasion of commensal and domestic species following Holocene colonization by humans. We exa- mined the behavioral responses of the Cypriot mouse to the odors of these new competitors （black and Norway rat, house mouse and spiny-mouse） and predator （domestic cat） as well as controls （Herb-field mouse, guinea pig）. We compared them with those of mainland population of house mouse from Syria with different coexistence history. Surprisingly, the Cypriot mouse failed to avoid the odor of its current main competitor, the black rat. Moreover, the response patterns of both the Cypriot and Syrian house mice to the examined odor sources appeared fairly comparable. There was a clear tendency to prefer odors of other murids over unscented sawdust as well as to avoid the odor of a domestic cat. In conclusion, neither the long-term isolation from predators nor the recent strong competition with black rats affected mice eompetitory and antipredatory responses fundamentally [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 781-791, 2015].

关键词： Competition Cyprus Mus cypriacus Odor preference Rattus rattus

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Macrofaunal communities of threatened subtidal maёrl seabeds on Tenerife (Canary Islands, north-east Atlantic Ocean) in summer

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2012年第1期31卷 98-105页

作者： Rodrigo Riera Juan Domingo Delgado Myriam Rodríguez Óscar Monterroso eva Ramos Centro de Investigaciones Medioambientales del Atlántico(CIMA SL) C/Arzobispo Elías Yanes Área de Ecología Departamento de Sistemas FísicosQuímicos y Naturales.Facultad de Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversidad Pablo de Olavide

This study contributes with the first data on physical and taxonomical structure of macrofaunal assemblages of maerl beds from the Canary Islands. Maerl beds and Cymodocea nodosa meadows of the Canary Islands are considered biodiversity hot-spots in terms of taxonomic and functional biodiversity with a broad geographical and depth ranges. The authors have studied the structure of the macrofaunal assemblages on different habitat types （Cymodocea, Caulerpa, sabellid field, garden eel and maerl beds）. Samples were taken at a range of depths between 14 and 46 m. Correlations were performed among abiotic variables （granulometry, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphates） and the most abundant taxa. Similarity analysis was performed to explore the patchiness of seabeds at a local scale. Significant differences were found in macrofaunal assemblages among seabed types, with highest abundances and lowest biodiversity in sabellid fields, where the sabellid Bispira viola dominated. The polychaetes Aponuphis bilineata and Chone filicauda and the mollusc Turritella brochii were the most abundant taxa on maerl beds. The mosaic of granulometric conditions would explain the associated macroinfaunal community structure and contribute to the creation of diversity on these relatively well preserved seabeds at a local scale.

关键词： Macrofauna Polychaetes Amphipods Molluscs soft-bottoms subtidal Tenerife Canary Islands

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Unveiling the detection dynamics of semiconductor nanowire photodetectors by terahertz near-field nanoscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 184-195页

作者： eva A.A.Pogna Mahdi Asgari Valentina Zannier Lucia Sorba Leonardo Viti Miriam S.Vitiello NEST CNR-Istituto Nanoscienze and Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza San Silvestro 1256127 PisaItaly

Semiconductor nanowire field-effect transistors represent a promising platform for the development of roomtemperature(RT)terahertz(THz)frequency light detectors due to the strong nonlinearity of their transfer characteristics and their remarkable combination of low noise-equivalent powers(100 V/W).Nano-engineering an NW photodetector combining high sensitivity with high speed(subns)in the THz regime at RT is highly desirable for many frontier applications in quantum optics and nanophotonics,but this requires a clear understanding of the origin of the *** electrical and optical measurements,however,cannot unambiguously determine the dominant detection mechanism due to inherent device asymmetry that allows different processes to be simultaneously ***,we innovatively capture snapshots of the photo-response of individual InAs nanowires via high spatial resolution(35 nm)THz photocurrent *** coupling a THz quantum cascade laser to scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy(s-SNOM)and monitoring both electrical and optical readouts,we simultaneously measure transport and scattering *** spatially resolved electric response provides unambiguous signatures of photo-thermoelectric and bolometric currents whose interplay is discussed as a function of photon density and material doping,therefore providing a route to engineer photo-responses by design.

关键词： scattering quantum frontier

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