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Variation Patterns of NLR Clusters in Arabidopsis thaliana Genomes

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Plant Communications 2020年第4期1卷 129-143页

作者： Rachelle R.Q.Lee eunyoung chae Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore

The nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat(NLR)gene family is highly expanded in the plant lineage with extensive sequence and structure *** survey the landscape of NLR expansion,we mined the published long-read data generated by the resistance gene enrichment sequencing of 64 diverse Arabidopsis thaliana *** found that the hot spots of massive multi-gene NLR cluster expansion did not typically span the whole cluster;instead,they were restricted to a handful of,or only one,dominant radiation(s).All sequences in such a radiation were distinct from other genes in the cluster but not from each other in the clade,making it difficult to assign trustworthy reference-based orthologies when multiple reference genes were present in the ***,NLR genes can be broadly divided into two types:radiating or high-fidelity,where high-fidelity genes are well conserved and well separated from other clades.A similar distinction could be made for NLR clusters,depending on whether cluster size was determined primarily by extensive radiation or the presence of numerous high-fidelity *** also identified groups of well-conserved NLR clades that were missing from the Columbia-0 reference *** suggests that the classification of NLRs using gene IDs from a single reference accession can rarely capture all major paralogs in a cluster accurately and representatively and that a referenceagnostic perspective is required to properly characterize these additional ***,we present a quantitative visualization method for differentiating these situations in a given clade of interest.

关键词： NLR cluster evolution phylogenetics disease resistance plant immunity

Notes on the Incompressible Euler and Related Equations on R^N

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2009年第5期30卷 513-526页

作者： Dongho chae Department of Mathematics Sungkyunkwan University

The author reviews briefly some of the recent results on the blow-up problem for the incompressible Euler equations on RN,and also presents Liouville type theorems for the incompressible and compressible fluid equations.

关键词： Euler equations Navier-Stokes equations Liouville theorem

A Miniaturized Crawler Design Based on an Origami-inspired and Geometrically Constrained Spherical Six-bar Linkage

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 166-176页

作者： Subin chae Gwang-Pil Jung Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811South Korea

This paper focuses on a newly developed transmission for a milli-scale eight-legged crawling robot called *** transmission allows intuitive steering by directly changing the direction of the propulsion *** transmission is based on the constrained spherical six-bar *** constrained spherical six-bar linkage passes only reciprocating motion out of the motor’s rotating motion,allowing the crawling legs to kick the ground and obtain *** is achieved by adjusting the geometric constraints of the spherical six-bar using a servomotor,allowing the direction of propulsion to be *** a result,the OriSCO can move along the ground at a speed of 2.15 body lengths/s,and the robot is 60 mm long.

关键词： Bio-inspired robot Crawler:Crawling robot Direction change Spherical six-bar linkage

Reversing the negative effects of co-inhaled manganese and iron on dopamine levels and prolactin production in the rat hypothalamus-pituitary axis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第7期5卷 525-530页

作者： chae Kwan Lee Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department of Occupational & Environmental MedicineBusan Paik HospitalInje University

BACKGROUND： Manganese （Mn） and iron （Fe） are the primary elements of welding rods. Mn has been shown to increase prolactin （PRL） production by decreasing dopamine （DA） levels in the hypothalamus. However, Fe increases DA levels and decreases PRL levels. The toxic mechanism of Mn and Fe co-inhalation-induced regulation of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-pituitary axis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effects of co-inhaled Mn and Fe on hypothalamic DA levels and pituitary PRL production, to investigate whether these changes are reversible, and to determine the role of co-inhaled Mn and Fe. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment based on inhalation toxicity via whole-body exposure was performed. Hypothalamic DA levels, serum PRL, and PRL and PiN mRNA levels were analyzed at the Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea, from August 2007 to May 2009. MATERIALS： MnSO4 and FeSO4 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） using an electrochemical detector （ECD） was purchased from Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA. mRNA Capture Kit and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） kit were obtained from Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany and Perkin-Elmer, Wellesley, MA, USA, respectively. Rat PRL enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was purchased from Biocode Hycel, Liege, Belgium. METHODS： Eighty 15-week-old, male, Fischer 344 rats were assigned to two groups： one group treated with Mn and Fe and a control group. Each group was sub-divided into four groups on the basis of treatment period （0- and 13-week treated groups with both chemicals） and recovery periods （4- and 13-week recovery groups following 13-week exposure to both chemicals）. The treatment condition was 6 hours per day, 5 days per week, for the entire body. Mn and Fe co-inhalation concentrations were 1.5 mg/m3 and 3.0 mg/m3, respectively. MAIN OUT

关键词： dopamine hypothalamic-hypophyseal-pituitary axis iron manganese Pit-1 prolactin

Electric resistivity of partially ionized plasma in the lower solar atmosphere

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第9期21卷 193-201页

作者： Jongchul chae Yuri ELitvinenko Astronomy Program Department of Physics and AstronomySeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Mathematics University of WaikatoP.B.3105Hamilton 3240New Zealand

The lower solar atmosphere is a gravitationally stratified layer of partially ionized *** calculate the electric resistivity in the solar photosphere and chromosphere,which is the key parameter that controls the rate of magnetic reconnection in a Sweet-Parker current *** calculation takes into account the collisions between ions and hydrogen atoms as well as the electron-ion collisions and the electron-hydrogen atom *** find that under the typical conditions of the quiet Sun,electric resistivity is determined mostly by the electron-hydrogen atom collisions in the photosphere,and mostly by the ion-hydrogen collisions,*** diffusion,in the *** magnetic reconnection events with strong magnetic fields,the ambipolar diffusion,however,may be insignificant because the heating by the reconnection itself may lead to the full ionization of hydrogen *** conclude that ambipolar diffusion may be the most important source of electric resistivity responsible for the magnetic flux cancelation and energy release in chromospheric current sheets that can keep a significant fraction of neutral hydrogen atoms.

关键词： plasmas atomic processes magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) Sun:atmosphere Sun:chromosphere

Role of genetic detection in peritoneal washes with gastric carcinoma: The past, present and future

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第3期8卷 289-296页

作者： Hyun-Dong chae Department of Surgery School of Medicine Catholic University of Daegu

The most frequent cause of treatment failure following surgery for gastric cancer is peritoneal dissemination, mainly caused by the seeding of free cancer cells from the primary gastric cancer, which is the most common type of spread. Unfortunately, there is no standard modality of intraperitoneal free cancer cells detection to predict peritoneal metastasis until now. We reviewed English literature in Pub Med was done using the Me SH terms for gastric cancer, peritoneal wash, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. All the articles were reviewed and core information was tabulated for reference. After a comprehensive review of all articles, the data was evaluated by clinical implication and predictive value of each marker for peritoneal recurrence. There are still many limitations to overcome before the genetic diagnosis for free cancer cells detection can be considered as routine assay. To make it a reliable diagnostic tool for detecting free cancer cells, the process and method of genetic detection with peritoneal washes should be standardized, and the development of simple diagnostic devices and easily available kits are necessary. Herein, we reviewed the past, present and future perspectives of the peritoneal lavage for the detection of intraperitoneal free cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Peritoneal metastasis Free cancer cells Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Genetic detection

Visualization of flow structures inside a conical spouted bed by electrical capacitance volume tomography

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 15-25页

作者： Hoon chae Park Hang Seok Choi Department of Environmental Engineering Yonsei UniversityWonju 26493Republic of Korea

Electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) was conducted to measure instantaneous gas–solid flow structures in a conical spouted bed. The sensor has 24 electrodes/channels and was used to make three-dimensional measurements of the solid volume fraction. Flow structures in the conical spouted bed were analyzed using quantitative ECVT images. Three-dimensional images of gas–solid flow structures and time-averaged vertical and radial solid volume fraction profiles are presented. Different fluidization regimes in spouted beds were characterized by analyzing pressure fluctuation signals and ECVT images. ECVT was shown to be robust and powerful for the three-dimensional visualization and quantitative measurement of a gas–solid fluidization system.

关键词： Conical spouted bed Electrical capacitance volume tomography Multiphase flow

Influences of ions and temperature on performance of carbon nano-particulates in supercapacitors with neutral aqueous electrolytes

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Particuology 2014年第4期12卷 9-17页

作者： Jung Hoon chae George Zheng Chen Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Energy and Sustainability Research DivisionFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK

A commercial product of carbon nano-particles, Cabot MONACH 1300 pigment black （CMPB）, was studied for basic structural information and electrochemical performance in neutral aqueous electrolytes, aiming at applications in supercapacitors. As confirmed by SEM and HRTEM, the CMPB had a hierarchical struc- ture, containing basic 10 nm nano-spheres which combined into ca. 50 nm agglomerates which further aggregated into larger particles of micrometres. The capacitance of this commercial material was found to increase with decreasing the size of hydrous cation （Li＋→Na＋ → K＋）, instead of the cation crystal radius （K＋→ Na＋→Li＋） when coupled with the same anion （cl-）. In electrolytes with the same cation concentration （K＋）, changing the anion from the larger dianion （SO42 ） to the smaller monoanion （cl-） also increased the capacitance at high potential scan rates （〉50 mV/s）. Increasing electrolyte concentration produced expected effect, including raising the electrode capacitance, but lowering the equivalent series resistance （ESR）, charge transfer resistance （CTR）, and the diffusion resistance. At higher temperatures, the CMPB exhibited slightly higher capacitance, which does not agree with the Gouy-Chapman theory on electric double layer （EDL）. A hypothesis is proposed to account for the capacitance increase with temperature as a result of the CMPB opening up some micro-pores for more ions to access in response to the temperature increase.

关键词： Carbon nano-particlesSupercapacitorNeutral aqueous electrolytesIonic propertiesElectrochemistry

Design and optimization of a cavity-backed spiral antenna for use in 6-12 GHz band

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第7期20卷 1838-1843页

作者： Gyoo-Soo chae Joong-Soo Lim Division of Information & Communication Engineering Baekseok University

The design and optimization of a self-complementary two-arm Archimedean spiral antenna backed by an absorptive cavity were presented. Parametric studies on the proposed antenna structure were carried out by using CST MWS. Simulation results show that the proper choice of spiral turns and cavity depth can miniaturize the dimensions of the cavity-backed spiral antenna presented here. According to simulation results, prototype antennas operating in the 6 12 GHz band are fabricated and the dimension of the proposed cavity-backed spiral antenna is 22 mm (diameter)×15 mm (height). The performance of the proposed antenna was measured and compared with the simulation results. It is shown that the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical predictions and the suggested antenna is good enough to adapt for various wideband applications.

关键词： cavity-backed spiral antenna miniaturization balanced structure wideband balun