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Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of bacterial meningitis in dapaong,northern Togo

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第11期5卷 848-852页

作者： Simplice d Karou Abago Balaka Mitiname Bamok damhan Tchelougou Malki Assih Kokou Anani Kodjo Agbonoko Jacques Simpore Comlan de Souza Ecole Superieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires(ESTBA-UL) Universit de LomTogo Centre de Recherche Biomoleculaire Pietro Annigoni(CERBA/LABIOGENE) OuagadougouBurkina Faso Faculte Mixte de Medecine et de Pharmacie(FMMP-UL) Universit de LomTogo Centre Hospitalier Regional(CHR)de dapaong Togo

Objective:To assess the seasonality of the bacterial meningitis and the antibiotic resistance of incriminated bacteria over the last three years in the northern ***:From January 2007 to January 2010,533 cerebrospinal fluids(CSF) samples were collected from patients suspected of meningitis in the Regional Hospital of dapaong(northern Togo).After microscopic examination,samples were cultured for bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility. Results:The study included 533 patients(306 male and 227 female) aged from 1 day to 55 years [average age(13.00±2.07) years].Bacterial isolation and identification were attempted for 254/533 (47.65%) *** bacteria]species identified were:Neisseria meningitidis A(*** A)(58.27%),Neisseria meningitidis W135(N,meningitidis W135)(7.09%),Streptococcus pneumoniae(***)(26.77%),Haemophilus influenza B(*** B)(6.30%) and Enterobacteriaceae(1.57%).The results indicated that bacterial meningitis occur from November to May with a peak in February for *** and *** and March for Neisseriaceae. The distribution of positive CSF with regards to the age showed that subjects between 6 and 12 years followed by subjects of 0 to 5 years were most affected with respective frequencies of 67.82%and 56.52%(Pd that bacteria have developed resistance to several antibiotics including aminosides(resistance rate>20%for both bacterial strains),macrolides(resistance rate>30%for ***) quinolones(resistance rate>15% for *** and *** W135).Over three years,the prevalence of *** significantly increased from 8.48%to 73.33%(Pdicate that data in African countries differ depending on geographical location in relation to the African meningitis *** underlines the impo

关键词： Meningitis Bacteria Antibiotics Cerebrospinal fluid Togo

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Incidenee and time-varying predictors of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among male sex workers in Mexico City

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 36-45页

作者： Karla Y.Ganley Marta Wilson-Barthes Andrew R.Zullo Sandra G.Sosa-Rubi Carlos J.Conde-Glez Santa garcia-Cisneros Mark N.Lurie Brandon d.L.Marshall don Operario Kenneth H.Mayer Omar Galarraga department of Narrative Medicine Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthBrown UniversityProvide neeRlUSA department of Health Services Policyand PracticeSchool of Public HealthBrown University121 South Main StreetBox G-121S-2ProvidenceRl 02912USA National Institute of Public Health(INSP) CuernavacaMorelosMexico department of Behavioral and Social Science School of Public HealthBrown UniversityProvidenceRlUSA Fenway Health and Harvard University BostonMAUSA.

Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying predictors among male sex workers in Mexico ***:From January 2012 to May 2014,male sex workers recruited from the largest HIV clinic and community sites in Mexico City were tested for chlamydia,gonorrhea,syphilis,hepatitis,and HIV at baseline,6-months,and *** nee rates with 95%bootstrapped confide nee limits were *** examined potential timevarying predictors using generalized estimating equations for a population averaged ***:Among 227 male sex workers,median age was 24 and baseline HIV prevalence was 32%.Incidence rates(per 100 person-years)were as follows:HIV[5.23;95%confidence interval(CI):2.15-10.31],chlamydia(5.15;95%CI:2.58-9.34),gonorrhea(3.93;95%CI:1.88-7.83),syphilis(13.04;95%CI:8.24-19.94),hepatitis B(2.11;95%CI:0.53-4.89),hepatitis C(0.95;95%CI:0.00-3.16),any STI except HIV(30.99;95%CI:21.73-40.26),and any STI including HIV(50.08;95%CI:37.6062.55).In the multivariable-adjusted model,incident STI(excluding HIV)were lower among those who reported consistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse(odds ratio=0.03,95%CI:0.00-0.68)compared to those who reported inconsistently using condoms during anal and vaginal ***:Incidence of STIs is high among male sex workers in Mexico *** condom use is an important protective factor for STIs,and should be an important comp on ent of interventions to prevent incide nt infect i ons.

关键词： Male sex worker Men who have sex with men HIV Sexually transmitted infection Transmission Risk factor Mexico

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Testicular fine-needle aspiration for the assessmen＇ of intratesticular hormone concentrations

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 21-24页

作者： Ada P Lee Mara Y Roth Jean-Jacques Nya-Ngatchou Kat Lin Thomas J Walsh Stephanie T Page Alvin M Matsumoto William J Bremner John K Amory Bradley d Anawalt department of Medicine University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA department of Medicine and Center for Research in Reproduction and Contraception University of Washington Seattle WA USA department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Washington Seattle WA USA department of Urology University of Washington Seattle WA USA department of Medicine Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center VA Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA USA.

Measurement of intratesticular sex steroid concentrations in men informs both the development of male hormonal contraceptives and the understanding of male infertility. Given the challenges of using invasive techniques to measure testicular hormone physiology, our group has used a minimally-invasive fine-needle aspiration technique to measure intratesticular hormones in normal healthy men. Herein, we present a post-hoc analysis of the safety and efficacy of testicular fine-needle aspiration （FNA） completed as part of six clinical trials. From 2001 through 2011, a total of 404 procedures were conducted among 163 research volunteers, 85.9% of which were successful in obtaining sufficient fluid for the measurement of intratesticular steroid concentrations. Pain was the most common side effect, with 36.8% of procedures associated with moderate procedural pain and 4.7% with severe procedural pain. Postprocedural pain was uncommon and abated within a few days. Mild local bruising occurred with 14.9% of procedures. Two serious adverse events （0.5%） required surgical intervention. The risk of an adverse event was not associated with age, body mass index, testicular size, or the volume of fluid aspirated. Testicular FNA to obtain fluid for measurement of intratesticular steroid concentrations frequently causes mild to moderate procedural pain, but serious adverse events occur rarely. Testicular FNA has been instrumental for defining human intratesticular hormone physiology and is a minimally-invasive, safe, effective method for obtaining fluid for research on testicular physiology and pathology.

关键词： male contraception physiology reproductive and urinary testis

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Persistent Organochlorine Exposure and Pregnancy Loss: A Prospective Cohort Study

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第6期2卷 683-691页

作者： Anna Z Pollack Germaine M. Buck Louis Courtney d Lynch Paul J Kostyniak Epidemiology Branch Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Bethesda USA.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (ddE) are suspected re-productive toxicants. We assessed serum concentration of 76 PCB congeners, ddE, and risk of human chorionic gonadotropin confirmed pregnancy loss among 79 women followed for up to 12 menstrual cycles or until pregnancy. 55 women had live births, 14 experienced pregnancy losses, and 10 did not achieve pregnancy. PCBs and ddE were quantified using gas chromatography with electron capture. PCBs were grouped a priori by biologic activity. Cox proportional hazard regression adjusting for age (categorized 24 - 29, 30 - 34) and average standardized alcohol and cigarette intake (continuous) was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of pregnancy loss. Estrogenic PCBs (HR = 1.66, 95% CI: 0.68, 4.02), anti-estrogenic PCBs (HR = 0.10, 95% CI: d ddE (HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.45, 4.52) were not statistically significantly associated with pregnancy loss. Our results provide some signal that estrogenic and antiestrogenic PCBs may be differentially associated with pregnancy loss. Further research is needed to elucidate these associations.

关键词： Smart 1 dichloro-2 2-Bis(P-Chlorophenyl)Ethylene Fecundity Organochlorine Polychlorinated Biphenyl Pregnancy Loss (Keywords)

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disruption of dhcr7 and Insig1/2 in cholesterol metabolism causes defects in bone formation and homeostasis through primary cilium formation

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Bone Research 2020年第1期8卷 39-52页

作者： Akiko Suzuki Kenichi Ogata Hiroki Yoshioka Junbo Shim Christopher AWassif Forbes dPorter Junichi Iwata department of diagnostic&Biomedical Sciences The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTXUSA Center for Craniofacial Research The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTXUSA division of Translational Medicine Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human DevelopmentBethesdaMDUSA Pediatric Research Center The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonMcGovern Medical SchoolHoustonTXUSA Md Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences HoustonTXUSA

Human linkage studies suggest that craniofacial deformities result from either genetic mutations related to cholesterol metabolism or high-cholesterol maternal diets. However, little is known about the precise roles of intracellular cholesterol metabolism in the development of craniofacial bones, the majority of which are formed through intramembranous ossification. Here, we show that an altered cholesterol metabolic status results in abnormal osteogenesis through dysregulation of primary cilium formation during bone formation. We found that cholesterol metabolic aberrations, induced through disruption of either dhcr7(which encodes an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis) or Insig1 and Insig2(which provide a negative feedback mechanism for cholesterol biosynthesis), result in osteoblast differentiation abnormalities. Notably, the primary cilia responsible for sensing extracellular cues were altered in number and length through dysregulated ciliary vesicle fusion in dhcr7 and Insig1/2 mutant osteoblasts. As a consequence, WNT/β-catenin and hedgehog signaling activities were altered through dysregulated primary cilium ***, the normalization of defective cholesterol metabolism by simvastatin, a drug used in the treatment of cholesterol metabolic aberrations, rescued the abnormalities in both ciliogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our results indicate that proper intracellular cholesterol status is crucial for primary cilium formation during skull formation and homeostasis.

关键词： metabolism cholesterol homeostasis

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Interdisciplinary feeding clinic during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic:Implementing telehealth and social determinants of health screening

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第1期7卷 43-48页

作者： Stephanie Harshman desiree Sierra-Velez Kelly daigle Cheryl Hersh Kristen Risley Alexy d.Arauz Boudreau Sarah Matathia Lauren Fiechtner Meg Simione Neuroendocrine Unit Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Eating disorders Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition Mass General for ChildrenBostonMassachusettsUSA department of Speech Language and Swallowing DisordersMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Performance Analysis and Improvement Unit Massachusetts General Hospital BostonBostonMassachusettsUSA Massachusetts General Physicians Organization BostonMassachusettsUSA division of General Academic Pediatrics Mass General for ChildrenBostonMassachusettsUSA Greater Boston Food Bank BostonMassachusettsUSA department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA division of General Internal Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

Pediatric feeding disorders(PFd)are an impairment in oral intake that are associated with nutritional,medical,psychosocial,or feeding skills dysfunction.1 They are clinically complex and challenging due to the heterog... 详细信息

关键词： intake impairment feeding

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在人类表型本体论中对癫痫发作进行建模——根据当代ILAE概念使大的表型数据易于处理

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癫痫杂志 2022年第5期8卷 457-468页

作者： david Lewis-Smith Peter d Galer Ganna Balagura 黄格格(译) 牛永利(译) 杨建仲(审) 不详

癫痫的临床特征决定了如何定义癫痫,进而指导治疗。因此,在对癫痫病因、轨迹和治疗反应的研究中,考虑构成癫痫的基本临床实体至关重要。人类表型本体论(Human phenotype ontology,HPO)广泛应用于临床和遗传学研究中用于临床特征的简明... 详细信息

癫痫的临床特征决定了如何定义癫痫,进而指导治疗。因此,在对癫痫病因、轨迹和治疗反应的研究中,考虑构成癫痫的基本临床实体至关重要。人类表型本体论(Human phenotype ontology,HPO)广泛应用于临床和遗传学研究中用于临床特征的简明交流和建模,其允许使用逻辑推理来协调提取的数据。我们试图重新设计HPO癫痫亚本体,以提高其与当前癫痫概念的一致性,同时支持在高通量临床和基因组研究中应用大型临床数据集。根据2017年国际抗癫痫联盟对癫痫发作类型的分类,我们创建了一个新的HPO癫痫亚本体,并在不同细节层次上整合了癫痫持续状态、热性惊厥、反射性发作和新生儿癫痫的概念。我们比较了修订前后的HPO癫痫亚本体,根据3个独立队列中791例患者的癫痫发作信息可以推断:其中2个独立队列的信息先前已发表过,还有150例患者是新招募的。每个队列的数据以不同的格式提供,并通过两个版本的HPO进行协调。新的癫痫亚本体将癫痫发作的描述性概念数量增加了5倍。可标注到队列中的癫痫发作描述符号数量增加了40%,关于个体癫痫发作的信息总量增加了38%。最重要的定性差异是局灶性进展为双侧强直-阵挛发作与全面起始和局灶起始发作的关系。我们已经生成了一个详细的当代概念图,用于协调临床癫痫发作数据,并在2020-12-07 HPO的官方版本中实施,并在***免费提供。这将有助于克服基因组学中的表型瓶颈,促进有价值数据的再利用,并最终提高对癫痫的诊断和精准治疗。

关键词：大数据分类癫痫遗传学

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