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Chronic liver inflammation:Clinical implications beyond alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2168-2175页

作者： Byoung-Jin park Yong-Jae Lee hye-Ree Lee Department of Family Medicine CHA University School of Medicine Seoul 135-720 South Korea Department of Family Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul 135-720 South Korea

Chronic alcohol exposure can lead to alcoholic liver disease, including hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and chronic inflammation can simultaneously cause systemic medical illness. Recent evidence suggests that alcoholic liver disease is a predictor for liver-related diseases, cardiovascular disease, immunologic disease, and bone disease. Chronic inflammation in alcoholic liver disease is mediated by a direct inflammatory cascade from the alcohol detoxification process and an indirect inflammatory cascade in response to gut microflora-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The pathophysiology of alcoholic liver disease and its related systemic illness is characterized by oxidative stress, activation of the immune cascade, and gut-liver interactions. Integrative therapeutic strategies for alcoholic liver disease include abstaining from alcohol consumption; general anti-inflammatories such as glucocorticoid, pentoxifylline, and tumour necrosis factor-α antagonist; antioxidants such as N- acetylcysteine; gut microflora and LPS modulators such as rifaximin and/or probiotics. This review focuses on the impact of chronic liver inflammation on systemic health problems and several potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Oxidative stress Cardiovascular disease Immunologic disease Bone disease

Bile acid increases expression of the histamine-producing enzyme,histidine decarboxylase,in gastric cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第1期20卷 175-182页

作者： hye Jin Ku hye Young Kim hyeong Hoe Kim Hee Ju park Jae Hun Cheong Department of Pediatrics College of MedicinePusan National UniversityBusan 601-721South Korea Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural SciencesPusan National UniversityBusan 609-735South Korea Department of Experimental Medicine College of MedicinePusan National UniversityBusan 601-721South Korea

AIM: To investigate the effect of bile acid on the expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), which is a major enzyme involved in histamine production, and gene expression of gastric transcription factors upon coope... 详细信息

关键词： Histamine Histidine decarboxylase Bile acid Farnesoid X receptor

Effect of Black Sea bream extracts on cytokine production inlipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation

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BIOCELL 2020年第2期44卷 193-199页

作者： eun NA MYOUNGWON CHOI INDAL park SUNYOUNG LIM Ocean Science and Technology School Korea Maritime&Ocean UniversityBusanKorea Department of Microbiology Kosin University College of MedicineBusanKorea Division of Marine Bioscience Korea Maritime&Ocean UniversityBusanKorea

We investigated the effect of black sea bream extracts on changes in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)in murine *** levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines[interleukin(IL)-6,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-12/IL-23(p40)and IL-17A]and anti-inflammatory cytokines[IL-4,IL-10 and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)]were *** of murine splenocytes with acetone+methylene chloride(A+M)and methanol(MeOH)extracts significantly decreased LPS-induced IL-6,IL-12/IL-23(p40)and IL-17A productions after 6 h incubation(p<0.05).The A+M and MeOH extracts significantly increased LPS-induced IL-4 and IFN-γproductions at 48 and 72 h incubation(p<0.05).Treatment with A+M extract resulted in significantly higher IL-10 production in splenocytes after 72 h(p<0.05).Conclusively,black sea bream extracts were shown to be efficient in falling several pro-inflammatory cytokines while rising anti-inflammatory *** our results suggest that black sea bream extracts selectivity modulate immune events.

关键词： Black Sea bream Cytokines Interleukin-4 Interleukin-6 Interleukin-17A

Oxygen permeability of soft contact lenses in different pH, osmolality and buffering solution

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第5期8卷 1037-1042页

作者： Se eun Lee So Ra Kim Mijung park Department of Optometry Seoul National University of Science and Technology

AIMTo determine the effect of pH, osmolality, and buffering system on the oxygen permeability (Dk) of soft contact *** hydrogel lenses (nelfilcon A and etafilcon A) and 2 silicone hydrogel lenses (lotrafilcon A and balafilcon A) were used in the study. These lenses were incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and borate-buffered saline (BBS) solutions adjusted by 0.8 pH increments to a pH in the range of 5.8-9.0 or in hypotonic (280 mOsmol/kg), isotonic (310 mOsmol/kg) and hypertonic (380 mOsmol/kg) PBS solutions. Polarographic method was used for measuring the Dk and lenses were stacked as 4 layers to correct the boundary *** values of all contact lenses measured in BBS solutions were more stable than those in PBS solutions. Especially the etafilcon A lens showed a relative big change compared with other types of contact lenses at the same conditions. When the osmolality of PBS solution increased from hypotonic to hypertonic, Dk of all contact lenses decreased. Variations in Dk existed depending on lens materials, etafilcon A lens was the most affected and nelfilcon A was the least affected by *** the result obtained, it is revealed that Dk of contact lenses is changed by the pH, osmolality, and buffering condition of tear. Thus, Dk of contact lens can be varied by the lens wearers' physiological and/or pathological conditions.

关键词： soft contact lens oxygen permeability buffer solutions osmolality pH

Multiphoton microscopy:An introduction to gastroenterologists

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第40期17卷 4456-4460页

作者： hye Jin Cho Hoon Jai Chun eun Sun Kim Bong Rae Cho Institute of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Department of Internal Medicine Korea University College of Medicine 136-705 Seoul South Korea Department of Chemistry Korea University 136-705 Seoul South Korea

Multiphoton microscopy, relying on the simultaneous absorption of two or more photons by a fluorophore, has come to occupy a prominent place in modern biomedical research with its ability to allow real-time observation of a single cell and molecules in intact tissues. Multiphoton microscopy exhibits nonlinear optical contrast properties, which can make it possible to provide an exceptionally large depth penetration with less phototoxicity. This system becomes more and more an inspiring tool for a non-invasive imaging system to realize "optical biopsy" and to examine the functions of living cells. In this review, we briefly present the physical principles and properties of multiphoton microscopy as well as the current applications in biological fields. In addition, we address what we see as the future potential of multiphoton microscopy for gastroenterologic research.

关键词： Multiphoton microscopy Optical biopsy Gastrointestinal disease

Ethanol Extract of Lycopodium serratum Thunb. Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced C6 Glioma Cells Migration via Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第11期24卷 860-866页

作者： Ju-Yeon park Hyuck Kim Dong-Woo Lim Jai-eun Kim Won-Hwan park Sun-Dong park Institute of Korean Medicine College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Department of Diagnostics College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Department of Pathology College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University Department of Prescription College of Korean Medicine Dongguk University

Objectives： To elucidate how ethanol extract of L. serratum（ELS） could exert anti-migratory effects on glioma with the suppression of nuclear factor kappa B（NF-κB） downstream pathway. Methods： Cell viability of ELS on C6 glioma was detected by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay. Nitric oxide（NO） assay and 2＇,7＇-dichlorofluorescin diacetate（DCFH-DA） assay were applied to measure NO production and reactive oxygen species（ROS） generation on lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced C6 glioma cells. NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK）, inducible nictric oxide synthase（i NOS） and cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） protein were determined by Western blot. Wound healing assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of ELS on fetal bovine serum（FBS）-induced migration and matrix metalloproteinase（MMP）-9 and-2 activity was examined by zymography. Results： ELS suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase（ERK）, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK）, and p38 through inhibiting the expression of chemokine CCL2（or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1）. In addition, ELS inhibited the expression of i NOS, COX-2, and the production of NO by LPS in C6 glioma cells. ELS also significantly decreased serum-induced migration of C6 glioma cells in scratch wound healing in a dose-dependent manner（P〈0.01）. The activity of MMP-9 and-2 were also significantly attenuated by ELS with LPS treatment（P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that downregulation of MMP-9 gene expression might be involved in the anti-migration effect of ELS against LPS-induced C6 glioma cells.

关键词： Lycopodium serratum Thunb lipopolysaccharide matrix metalloproteinase migration C6 glioma cell

NOAA/AVHRR sea surface temperature accuracy in the East/Japan Sea

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第10期8卷 784-804页

作者： Kyung-Ae park eun-Young Lee Xiaofeng Li Sung-Rae Chung eun-Ha Sohn Sungwook Hong Department of Earth Science Education/Research Institute of Oceanography Seoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Department of Science Education Seoul National UniversitySeoulSouth Korea GST at National Environmental Satellite Dataand Information ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationCollege ParkMDUSA Satellite Planning Division National Meteorological Satellite CenterKorea Meteorological AdministrationJincheonSouth Korea Satellite Analysis Division National Meteorological Satellite CenterKorea Meteorological AdministrationJincheonSouth Korea

Sea surface temperature(SST)retrieved from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR)onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)polar orbiting environmental satellites were validated in the East/Japan Sea(EJS)using surface drifter measurements as ground truths from 2005 to ***,the root-mean-square(rms)errors of multichannel SSTs(MCSSTs)and non-linear SSTs(NLSSTs)using global SST coefficients were approximately 0.85℃ and 0.80℃,*** analysis of the SST errors(satellite-drifter)revealed a dependence on the amount of atmospheric *** addition,satellite-derived SSTs tended to be related to wind speeds,particularly during the *** SST errors also demonstrated diurnal variations with relatively higher rms from 0.80℃ to 1.00℃ during the night than the day,with a small rms of about 0.50℃.Bias also exhibited reasonable diurnal differences,showing small biases during the *** a satellite zenith angle has been considered in the global SST coefficients,its effect on the SST errors still remained in case of the *** the diverse use of SST data,the continuous validation and understanding of the characteristic errors of satellite SSTs should be conducted based on extensive in-situ temperature measurements in the global ocean as well as local seas.

关键词： sea surface temperature East/Japan Sea AVHRR SST error validation

The Effect of Fabrication Conditions for GDC Buffer Layer on Electrochemical Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2013年第3期5卷 151-158页

作者： Jung-Hoon Song Myung Geun Jung hye Won park Hyung-Tae Lim Fuel Cell Project Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST) School of Nano & Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National University

A Gd-doped ceria（GDC） buffer layer is required between a conventional yttria-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） electrolyte and a La-Sr-Co-Fe-O3（LSCF） cathode to prevent their chemical reaction. In this study,the effect of varying the conditions for fabricating the GDC buffer layer, such as sintering temperature and amount of sintering aid, on the solid oxide fuel cell（SOFC） performance was investigated. A finer GDC powder（i.e., ultra-high surface area）, a higher sintering temperature（1290℃）, and a larger amount of sintering aid（12%） resulted in improved densification of the buffer layer; however, the electrochemical performance of an anode-supported cell containing this GDC buffer layer was poor. These conflicting results are attributed to the formation of（Zr, Ce）O2 and/or excess cobalt grain boundaries（GBs） at higher sintering temperatures with a large amount of sintering aid（i.e., cobalt oxide）. A cell comprising of a cobalt-free GDC buffer layer, which was fabricated using a low-temperature process, had lower cell resistance and higher stability. The results indicate that electrochemical performance and stability of SOFCs strongly depend on fabrication conditions for the GDC buffer layer.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) Gd-doped ceria Sintering aid Sol-gel spin coating

Changes of the Flowering Time of Trees in Spring by Climate Change in Seoul, South Korea

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第4期89卷 1019-1033页

作者： hyewon Kim Chanwoo park Jong Hwan Lim hye Woo Shin Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative The Graduate SchoolEwha Womans UniversitySeoul03760Korea Forest Ecology and Climate Change Division National Institute of Forest ScienceSeoul02455Korea Research Institute of Ecoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul03760Korea

Flowering onset has attracted much attention in ecological research as an important indicator of climate ***,warmer temperatures advance flowering *** effect of climate warming on flowering onset is more pronounced in spring because the difference between atmospheric and water temperatures creates more rapid convection than in other *** analyzed the correlation between 73 species of spring woody plants in Hongneung Arboretum in Seoul,South Korea and the spring minimum temperature and average precipitation over the past 50 years(1968–2018).The spring minimum temperature and average precipitation have increased over the past 50 years,resulting in the advance of the first flowing date(FFD)in all 73 species by 8.5 days on average.A comparison of FFD changes over time by dividing the survey period into three time periods confirmed the advance of the FFD in 50 species(68%of investigated species)by 11.1 days on average in both Period 2(1999–2008)and Period 3(2009–2018)relative to Period 1(1968–1975).Additionally,a delay of the FFD by 3.2 days on average was observed in 8 *** FFD of Lonicera chrysantha(Caprifoliaceae)advanced by over 40 days and was highly correlated with the increased spring minimum *** of the sensitivity of plant responses to climate change revealed that a temperature rise of 1℃ was associated with an FFD advance of 1.2 days in all *** species that was most sensitive to temperature change was Spiraea pubescens ***(Rosaceae),whose FFD advanced by 4.7 days per 1℃ temperature *** increase in precipitation by 1 mm was found to result in a 0.1-day advance of the FFD of all *** tomentosa(Rosa-ceae)was the most sensitive species,that advanced by 2.6 days for each 1 mm increase in ***,for all species,the FFD was more sensitive to the change in temperature than in *** that the current greenhouse gas(GHGs)emission levels or atmospheric CO_(2) conc

关键词： Phenology first flowering date climate change