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Multiclass stand-alone and ensemble machine learning algorithms utilised to classify soils based on their physico-chemical characteristics

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 603-615页

作者： Eyo Eyo samuel Abbey Faculty of Environment and Technology Department of Geography and Environmental ManagementCivil Engineering ClusterUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolBS161QYUK Fugro GB Marine Geotechnical Services Limited WallingfordOX109RBUK

This study has provided an approach to classify soil using machine *** elements of stand-alone machine learning algorithms(*** regression(LR)and artificial neural network(ANN)),decision tree ensembles(*** forest(DF)and decision jungle(DJ)),and meta-ensemble models(*** ensemble(SE)and voting ensemble(VE))were used to classify soils based on their intrinsic physico-chemical ***,the multiclass prediction was carried out across multiple cross-validation(CV)methods,*** validation split(TVS),k-fold cross-validation(KFCV),and Monte Carlo cross-validation(MCCV).Results indicated that the soils’clay fraction(CF)had the most influence on the multiclass prediction of natural soils’plasticity while specific surface and carbonate content(CC)possessed the least within the nature of the dataset used in this ***-alone machine learning models(LR and ANN)produced relatively less accurate predictive performance(accuracy of 0.45,average precision of 0.5,and average recall of 0.44)compared to tree-based models(accuracy of 0.68,average precision of 0.71,and recall rate of 0.68),while the meta-ensembles(SE and VE)outperformed(accuracy of 0.75,average precision of 0.74,and average recall rate of 0.72)all the models utilised for multiclass *** analysis of the meta-ensembles proved their capacities to discriminate between soil classes across the methods of CV *** learning training and validation using MCCV and KFCV methods enabled better prediction while also ensuring that the dataset was not overfitted by the machine learning *** confirmation of this phenomenon was depicted by the continuous rise of the cumulative lift curve(LC)of the best performing models when using the MCCV ***,this study demonstrated that soil’s physico-chemical properties do have a direct influence on plastic behaviour and,therefore,can be relied upon to classify soils.

关键词： Soil classification Physico-chemistry Soil plasticity Machine learning Logistic regression(LR) Machine learning ensembles Artificial neural network(ANN)

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Kinematic Analysis of an Under-actuated,Closed-loop Front-end Assembly of a Dragline Manipulator

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2020年第4期17卷 527-538页

作者： Muhammad AWardeh samuel Frimpong Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USA Center for Infrastructure Engineering Studies Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USADepartment of Mining and Nuclear EngineeringMissouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USA

Dragline excavators are closed-loop mining manipulators that operate using a rigid multilink framework and rope and rigging system,which constitute its front-end *** arrangements of dragline front-end assembly provide the necessary motion of the dragline bucket within its operating *** assembly resembles a five-link closed kinematic chain that has two independent generalized coordinates of drag and hoist ropes and one dependent generalized coordinate of dump *** models failed to represent the actual closed loop of dragline front-end assembly,nor did they describe the maneuverability of dragline ropes under imposed geometric ***,a three degrees of freedom kinematic model of the dragline front-end is developed using the concept of generalized *** contains all relevant configuration and kinematic constraint conditions to perform complete digging and swinging *** model also uses three inputs of hoist and drag ropes linear and a rotational displacement of swinging along their *** inverse kinematics is resolved using a feedforward displacement algorithm coupled with the Newton-Raphson method to accurately estimate the trajectories of the *** trajectories are solved only during the digging phase and the singularity was eliminated using Baumgarte's stabilization technique(BST),with appropriate inequality constraint *** is shown that the feedforward displacement algorithm can produce accurate trajectories without the need to manually solve the inverse kinematics from the *** research findings are well in agreement with the dragline real operational limits and they contribute to the efficiency and the reduction in machine downtime due to better control strategies of the dragline cycles.

关键词： Dragline mining manipulator underactuated closed-loop mechanism generalized speeds Baumgarte's stabilization technique(BST) feedforward displacement

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Inspection of free energy functions in gradient crystal plasticity

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第6期29卷 763-772页

作者： samuel Forest Nicolas Guninchault Centre des Matriaux Mines ParisTechCNRS UMR 7633 BP 8791003 Evry CedexFrance

The dislocation density tensor computed as the cud of plastic distortion is regarded as a new constitutive variable in crystal plasticity. The dependence of the free energy function on the dislocation density tensor is explored starting from a quadratic ansatz. Rank one and logarithmic dependencies are then envisaged based on considerations from the statistical theory of dislocations. The rele- vance of the presented free energy potentials is evaluated from the corresponding analytical solutions of the periodic two-phase laminate problem under shear where one layer is a single crystal material undergoing single slip and the second one remains purely elastic.

关键词： Gradient plasticity Crystal plasticity Continuum thermodynamics Dislocation density tensor Read- Shockley energy

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Generating Adversarial Samples on Multivariate Time Series using Variational Autoencoders

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第9期8卷 1523-1538页

作者： samuel Harford Fazle Karim Houshang Darabi Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607 USA

Classification models for multivariate time series have drawn the interest of many researchers to the field with the objective of developing accurate and efficient ***,limited research has been conducted on generating adversarial samples for multivariate time series classification *** samples could become a security concern in systems with complex sets of *** study proposes extending the existing gradient adversarial transformation network(GATN)in combination with adversarial autoencoders to attack multivariate time series classification *** proposed model attacks classification models by utilizing a distilled model to imitate the output of the multivariate time series classification *** addition,the adversarial generator function is replaced with a variational autoencoder to enhance the adversarial *** developed methodology is tested on two multivariate time series classification models:1-nearest neighbor dynamic time warping(1-NN DTW)and a fully convolutional network(FCN).This study utilizes 30 multivariate time series benchmarks provided by the University of East Anglia(UEA)and University of California Riverside(UCR).The use of adversarial autoencoders shows an increase in the fraction of successful adversaries generated on multivariate time *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first study to explore adversarial attacks on multivariate time ***,we recommend future research utilizing the generated latent space from the variational autoencoders.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning deep learning multivariate time series perturbation methods

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The use of fine portions from construction and demolition waste for expansive soil stabilization: A review

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第7期16卷 803-816页

作者： Mgboawaji Claude UJILE samuel Jonah ABBEY Civil Engineering Faculty of Environment and TechnologyUniversity of the West of EnglandBristol BS161QYUK Geotechnical Engineering Faculty of Environment and TechnologyUniversity of the West of EnglandBristol BS161QYUK

Construction and demolition waste(CDW)are the largest waste products in the world today and competes as a viable recycled additive material in place of natural *** to the increase in compressive strength of different mix proportions of CDW,it is also considered for reuse in concrete and subbase *** study shows the effect of CDW in expansive soil *** chemical and mechanical properties of these materials have shown that they are capable of developing compressive strength properties for replacement of cement with significant reduction in carbon *** inherent compositional properties of recycled CDW compared in this review suggests that CDW have good filler properties in highly expansive *** of crushed brick and recycled aggregates characterised based on chemical properties of different replacement ratios suggests that CDW of good-quality aggregates reduces swell potential of expansive soils and increased mechanical strength in pavement construction.

关键词： mixed fine portions construction and demolition waste expansive soil soil stabilization

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Hydraulic jump and choking of flow in pipe with a change of slope

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第6期34卷 1044-1066页

作者： Rui Zeng S.samuel Li Department of Building Civil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontrealCanada

This paper investigates hydraulic jumps in sloping pipes by means of wall-resolved large eddy simulation(LES).The purpose is to achieve an improved understanding of jump behaviours driven by pipe discharge and *** LES model predicts the hydraulic jump as a 3-D two-phase flow,with air as the gas phase and water as the liquid *** predictions yield instantaneous velocity and pressure fields as well as fluid volume *** instantaneous flow variables allow ensemble averages,which quantify the internal structures and integral properties of the hydraulic *** predicted instantaneous velocity shows spectra in consistency with the well-known Kolmogorov−5/3 *** ensemble averages of air and water velocities,free-surface profile,roller length and aeration length,compare well with available experimental *** jump behaviours are *** aspects such as free-surface fluctuation and jump-toe oscillation resemble the classical hydraulic jump on horizontal *** like the 3-D distributions of core jet,vorticity and aeration are much more *** on the pipe discharge and slope,the resulting jump can be a complete or an incomplete *** incomplete hydraulic jump causes choked flow *** has severe consequences on drainage conditions in sewer pipes laid on sloping *** paper proposes using the Okubo-Weiss parameter as a new way to subtly delineate the region of hydraulic *** is much more efficient and less ambiguous,compared with traditional visual inspections.

关键词： Hydraulic jump sloping pipe two-phase bubbly flow large eddy simulation(LES) choking of flow Okubo-Weiss parameter

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Exposure to sublethal concentration of flupyradifurone alters sexual behavior and cuticular hydrocarbon profile in Heriades truncorum,an oligolectic solitary bee

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 859-869页

作者： samuel Boff Manfred Ayasse Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

The aboveground oligolectic bee,Heriades truncorum,is a particularly good model for studying the impact of pesticides on sexual communication,since some aspects of its mating behavior have previously been *** have tested(1)the interference of the pesticide flupyradifurone on male precopulatory behavior and male mating partner preferences,(2)the way that the pesticide interferes in male quality assessment by the female,and(3)the effects of the pesticide on the chemical compounds in the female *** exposed bees of both sexes to a sublethal concentration of *** behaviors were registered in a mating arena with two females(one unexposed and one exposed)and one male(either unexposed or exposed).Unexposed males were quicker to attempt to *** also impacted precopulatory behavior and male quality assessment by *** approached unexposed females more quickly than insecticideexposed *** exposed to insecticide produced lower amounts of some cuticular hydrocarbons(sex pheromone candidates)and appeared less choosy than unexposed *** findings suggest that insecticide exposure affects sexual communication,playing a role both in male preference and in male quality assessment by the female.

关键词： courtship display female choice flupyradifurone male partner preference sex communication sublethal effects

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Ferroptosis:copper-iron connection in cuprizone-induced demyelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 89-90页

作者： Priya Jhelum samuel David Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program The Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMontrealQCCanada

Redox active metals such as iron,copper,zinc,and manganese play important roles in promoting a variety of biochemical reactions essential for cellular *** is made possible by the ability of these metals to accept and donate *** in the form of iron-sulfur clusters and heme plays a key role in adenosine triphosphate generation in mitochondria as well as numerous other enzymatic *** the other hand.

关键词： function. copper metals

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General invariance and equilibrium conditions for lattice dynamics in 1D,2D,and 3D materials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2280-2290页

作者： Changpeng Lin samuel Poncé Nicola Marzari Theory and Simulation of Materials(THEOS) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility Institute of Condensed Matter and NanosciencesUniversitécatholique de LouvainChemin desÉtoiles 8B-1348Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

The long-wavelength behavior of vibrational modes plays a central role in carrier transport,phonon-assisted optical properties,superconductivity,and thermomechanical and thermoelectric properties of ***,we present general invariance and equilibrium conditions of the lattice potential;these allow to recover the quadratic dispersions of flexural phonons in low-dimensional materials,in agreement with the phenomenological model for long-wavelength bending *** also prove that for any low-dimensional material the bending modes can have a purely out-of-plane polarization in the vacuum direction and a quadratic dispersion in the long-wavelength *** addition,we propose an effective approach to treat invariance conditions in crystals with non-vanishing Born effective charges where the long-range dipole-dipole interactions induce a contribution to the lattice potential and stress *** approach is successfully applied to the phonon dispersions of 158 two-dimensional materials,highlighting its critical relevance in the study of phonon-mediated properties of low-dimensional materials.

关键词： materials. lattice invariance

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TAILING WAVETRAIN GENERATION IN PRECURSOR SOLITON GENERATION IN TWO-LAYER FLOW

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2000年第1期16卷 1-7页

作者：徐肇廷徐昊 samuel Shan-pu Shen Institute of Physical Oceanography and Physical Oceanography Lab. Ocean University of QingdaoQingdao 266003China Key Lab.of Marine Science & Numerical Modeling State Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266003China Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Alberta EdmontonAlberta T6G 2G1Canada

A theory of tailing wavetrain generation for the precursor soliton generation in two-layer flow is presented by using averaged KdV equations (AKdV), which are derived by the authors in terms of Whitham's method of averaging([1,2]). From the AKdV equations, group velocities of the tailing wavetrain generation are obtained by means of generating conditions of the tailing wavetrains, furthermore an analytical solution of the tailing wavetrain generation is found theoretically. A comparison between the theoretical and numerical results is carried out in the present paper, which shows that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the numerical ones, obtained from the fKdV equation in two-layer flow with the depth of unity in the rest.

关键词： tailing wavetrain group velocity soliton two-layer flow

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