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An overview of biomass solid fuels:Biomass sources,processing methods,and morphological and microstructural properties

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2023年第4期8卷 333-360页

作者： Segun E.Ibitoye Rasheedat M.Mahamood tien-Chien Jen Chanchal Loha esther t.akinlabi Department of Mechanical Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland Park2006524South Africa Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of IlorinIlorin P.M.B.1515Nigeria Energy Research and technology Group CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research InstituteWest BengalDurgapur-713209India Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle NE18STUnited Kingdom

Biomass solid fuel(BSF)has emerged as a promising renewable energy source,but its morphological and microstructural properties are crucial in determining their physical,mechanical,and chemical *** paper provides an overview of recent research on *** focus is on biomass sources,BSF processing methods,and morphological and microstructural properties,with a special emphasis on energy-related *** inclusion and exclusion criteria were established for the study to ensure *** inclusion criteria encompassed studies about BSFs and studies investigating the influence of biomass sources and processing methods on the morphological and microstructural properties of solid fuels within the past five *** technologies for converting biomass into usable energy were discussed,including gasification,torrefaction,carbonization,hydrothermal carbonization(HtC),and *** has advantages and disadvantages in energy performance,techno-economics,and climate *** is efficient but requires high *** produces bio-oil,char,and gases based on feedstock *** generates low-cost biochar for solid fuels and carbon sequestration *** increases energy density for co-firing with *** processes wet biomass efficiently with lower energy *** treatment affects BSF durability and strength,often leading to less durability due to voids and gaps between *** carbonization alters surface morphology,creating cavities,pores,and distinctive *** pyrolysis generates biochar with better morphological properties,while fast pyrolysis yields biochar with lower porosity and surface *** constitutes 67%of the biomass sources utilized for bioenergy generation,followed by wood residues(5%),agro-residues(4%),municipal solid wastes(3%),energy crops(3%),livestock wastes(3%),and forest residues(1%).Each source has advantages and drawbacks,such as avail

关键词： Biomass feedstock Microstructural property Morphological property Renewable energy thermal treatment

Evolving properties of friction stir spot welds between AA1060 and commercially pure copper C11000

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transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第7期26卷 1852-1862页

作者： Mukuna P.MUBIAYI esther t.akinlabi Department of Mechanical Engineering Science Auckland Park Kingsway CampusUniversity of Johannesburg

Friction stir spot welding technique was employed to join pure copper （C11000） and pure aluminium （AA1060） sheets. the evolving properties of the welds produced were characterized. the spot welds were produced by varying the rotational speed, shoulder plunge depth using different tool geometries. the presence of a copper ring of different lengths was observed on both sides of the welds indicating that Cu extruded upward into the Al sheet which contributed to obtaining strong welds. the microstructure showed the presence of copper particles in the aluminium matrix which led to the presence of various intermetallics observed by the energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. the maximum tensile failure load increases with an increase in the shoulder plunge depth, except for the weld produced at 800 r/min using a conical pin and a concave shoulder. A nugget pull-out failure mode occurred in all the friction stir spot welds under the lap-shear loading conditions. High peaks of Vickers microhardness values were obtained in the vicinity of the keyhole of most of the samples which correlated to the presence of intermetallics in the stir zone of the welds.

关键词： aluminium copper friction stir spot welding microhardness microstructure

Influence of processing parameters on laser metal deposited copper and titanium alloy composites

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transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第8期25卷 2608-2616页

作者： Mutiu F.ERINOSHO esther t.akinlabi Sisa PItYANA Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Kingsway Campus National Laser Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

the laser metal deposition （LMD） was conducted on copper by varying the processing parameters in order to achieve the best possible settings. two sets of experiments were conducted. the deposited composites were characterized through the evolving microstructure, microhardness profiling and mechanical properties. It was found that the evolving microstructures of the deposited composites were characterized with primary, secondary and tertiary arms dendrites, acicular microstructure as well as the alpha and beta eutectic structures. From the two sets of experiments performed, it was found that Sample E produced at a laser power of 1200 W and a scanning speed of 1.2 m/min has the highest hardness of HV （190±42） but exhibits some lateral cracks due to its brittle nature, while Sample B produced at laser power of 1200 W and a scanning speed of 0.3 m/min shows no crack and a good microstructure with an increase in dendrites. the strain hardening coefficient of the deposited copper composite obtained in this experiment is 3.35.

关键词： copper composites laser metal deposition mechanical properties strain hardening

Microstructural Characterization and tensile Behavior of Rutile(tiO_2)-Reinforced AA6063 Aluminum Matrix Composites Prepared by Friction Stir Processing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第1期32卷 52-62页

作者： Sahayam Joyson Abraham Isaac Dinaharan Jebaraj David Raja Selvam esther titilayo akinlabi Department of Mechanical Engineering V V College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Kingsway Campus Department of Mechanical Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences

Rutile(tiO_2) particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites were prepared by friction stir processing. the microstructure was studied using conventional and advanced characterization techniques. tiO_2 particles were found to be dispersed uniformly in the composite. Clusters of tiO_2 particles were observed at a higher particle content of 18 vol%. the interface between the tiO_2 particle and the aluminum matrix was characterized by the absence of pores and reactive ***-grain boundaries, ultra-fine grains and dislocation density were observed in the composites. tiO_2 particles improved the mechanical properties of the composites. However, a drop in tensile strength was observed at a higher particle content due to cluster formation. All the prepared composites exhibited ductile mode of fracture.

关键词： Aluminum matrix composites Friction stir processing Rutile Microstructure tensile strength