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Profiling and Determinants of Impaired Lipid Profile Parameters among Breast Cancer Women of Childbearing Age Living in Douala, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第5期11卷 193-211页

作者： Idriss Ntatou Lemouchele Suzi Pascale Mbougang esther dina bell Loick Pradel Kojom Foko Eric Fouelifack Nzeko Cecile Okalla Ebongue Jean Pierre Nda Mefo’o Martin Luther Koanga Mogtomo Rosalie Anne Ngono Ngane Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Depatment of Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospital Douala Douala Cameroon Depatment of Animal Organisms Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Objective: Breast cancer in women of childbearing age (WCBA) is a major public health concern. This study aimed to determine variation and determinants in lipid profile among Cameroonian WCBA diagnosed with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A case-control study took place at two reference hospitals in Douala, Cameroon. A total of 176 WCBA (88 cases and 88 controls) were finally enrolled. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical and anthropometric data. Three millilitres of venous blood were collected for analysis of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and triglycerides (TG). Results: Overweight was predominantly seen in cases and controls. Serum levels of TC and LDL-c were significantly lower in cancer women (167.02 ± 45.46 vs 183.12 ± 27.38 mg/dL, p = 0.005 for TC;85.83 ± 40.34 vs 105.25 ± 29.95 mg/dL, p = 0.0004 for LDL-c), while HDL-c levels were higher in controls (45.09 ± 7.20 vs 38.24 ± 11.14 mg/dL, p Conclusion: This study suggests the influence of breast cancer on lipid profile parameters especially HDL-c and LDL-c, and possibly their putative clinical utility for early diagnosis in premenopausal women in Cameroon.

关键词： Breast Cancer Women of Childbearing Age Lipoprotein Impairment Determinants Cameroon

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Profile of Radiotherapy Side Effects in Patients Treated for Cervical Cancer in Cameroon: Case of the Douala General Hospital

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第1期14卷 59-71页

作者： Berthe Sabine Esson Mapoko Anne Marthe Maison Mayeh Ruth Rosine Meka’h Mapenya Orel Kelvin Ndouandju Saha esther dina bell Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba Anne Sango Romeo Talla Ambroise Ntama Sidonie Ananga Albertine Eloundou Martin Essomba Biwole Odette Samba Ngano Albert Mouelle Sone Emilienne Guegang Goudjo Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main therapeutic strategies used in cervical cancer. The first radiotherapy services in Cameroon have existed since 1987 and still treat by conventional radiation techniques. With the evolution of radiation techniques, acute, subacute, and late complications are minimized. Our study aimed to describe the profile of side effects in patients with uterine cervix cancer treated by conventional radiotherapy, still used in our services. Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study of the records of patients treated in the radiotherapy department of the Douala General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. Data concerning radiation-induced toxicities were collected using the CTCAE Version 4.0 classification. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 270 records were selected. The median age was 54 years. The mean total radiation dose was 55.9 ± 11.8 Gy and 71.1% of patients were treated for less than 8 weeks. We found a frequency of 66.7% of radio-induced lesions with 99% being acute. The main acute lesions encountered were radio dermatitis (40%), radiation cystitis (17.7%), and radiation proctitis (17.1%). As late lesions, we found one case of vaginal fibrosis (0.4%). Exclusive radiotherapy, classical fractionation, and total doses lower than 45 Gy seemed to decrease the toxicity linked to conventional radiotherapy. Conclusion: The frequency of side effects of radiotherapy for cervical cancer at the Douala General Hospital remains high. Early lesions are the most encountered but strategies should be put in place to better evaluate late lesions.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy Radiation-Induced Lesions Cameroon

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The Psychological Experience of the Nursing Staff of the Medical Oncology Department in Cameroon: Case of the YaoundéGeneral Hospital

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第1期14卷 50-58页

作者： Berthe Sabine Esson Mapoko esther dina bell Mbassi Véronique Mboua Batoum Marie Josiane Ntsama Essomba Lionel Tabola Fossa Lionel Bala Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba Ruth Rosine Meka’h Mapenya Anne Juliette Flora Sango Anne Marthe Maison Mayeh Sidonie Ananga Noa Ambroise Ntama Zacharie Sando Paul Ndom Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: The world of cancer care is an emotional place, given the severity of the disease being treated, the heavy workload, the suffering of patients, and the high number of deaths. The nursing staff who work there may be exposed to constant stress from these factors. This study aimed to explore the psychological experience of the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study, in June 2017, involving the nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital. Results: Sixteen out of 18 nurses were interviewed. All had worked in at least one other department prior to Oncology. The number of years of experience in Oncology ranged from less than one year to 13 years. The choice of the Oncology department was involuntary for 100% of the staff;of these, 62% had intentions of changing departments. Twenty-five percent had applied for a change of department, which was unsuccessful. Stress was expressed by 94% of the staff;93% thought that there was a solution to the stress experienced on a daily basis in the Oncology department. The main solutions proposed to manage this stress were: support for the staff, provision of work materials, and staff training. Conclusion: The nursing staff of the Medical Oncology Department of the Yaoundé General Hospital experiences a high level of stress and are in need of solutions.

关键词： Psychological Experience Nursing Staff Medical Oncology Department Ya-oundé General Hospital

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Association between Polymorphisms of SNPs Located at the 3’-Untranslated Region of SET8 and Codon 72 of the TP53 with Breast Cancer among Cameroonian Women

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第11期8卷 23-45页

作者： Arnol Auvaker Zébazé Tiofack Elvis A. Ofon esther dina bell Chancelin M. Kamla Roger Tchamfong Smiths Lueong Gustave Simo Molecular Parasitology & Entomology Unit Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Medical Oncology Direction of the Bonassama District Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon St. Joseph Clinic Cancer Center Yaounde Cameroon German Cancer Research Center Essen Germany

In sub-Saharan Africa, breast cancer (BC) constitutes a serious public health problem and the genetic basis of its development is remaining poorly understood. Although the SNPs at codon 72 of TP53 (rs1042522) and at the UTR of SET8 (rs16917496) have both been associated with BC development among Asian and European women, no published data has been reported within African population. We herein report on the impact of these polymorphisms on the risk of BC among Cameroonian women. Blood samples were collected from 111 breast cancer patients and 224 controls. DNA was extracted from each sample and PCR-RFLP was used to investigate the polymorphisms at SNPs rs1042522 of TP53 and rs16917496 of SET8. Association studies were performed according to ethno-linguistic groups and menopausal status. The minor allele “T” of SET8 gene revealed a protective effect in premenopausal women (OR, 0.327;95% CI 0.125 - 0.852) while the CT genotype of SET8 was associated with increased risk of BC (OR, 2.93;95% CI, 1.1 - 7.8). The minor “G” allele of TP53 gene was significantly associated (OR, 2.533;95% CI, 1.455 - 4.408) with increased disease risk in premenopausal women while the CG genotype was significantly associated (OR, 0.39;95% CI, 0.23 - 0.69) with decreased risk of BC. A synergistic genetic interaction at both loci for CC genotype of SET8 and CG genotype of TP53 was associated (OR, 0.46;95% CI, 0.24 - 0.91) with reduced disease risk. No significant association between polymorphisms at the SET8 and TP53 loci and clinical pathologic features of BC was observed. This study suggests significant associations between the SNPs located at the 3’-UTR of SET8 and codon 72 of the TP53 with the risk of breast cancer development among premenopausal women. There is an interaction between TP53 and SET8 genes.

关键词： SNPs TP53 SET8 Breast Cancer Women Cameroon

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Modeling Daily Average Temperatures in a Coastal Site of Central Africa: An Analysis of Seasonal Divisions

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第3期13卷 341-352页

作者： Jean-Pierre bell esther C. Modi-Mbog Nicodeme Djiedeu Laurent Nana Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of National Meteorology Ministry of Transport Yaoundé Cameroon CEPAMOQ Ecoles Doctorales University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The seasonality and day-to-day variation of near-surface temperature patterns can greatly control nearly all physical and biological processes though temperature predictions at such scales remain challenging. This paper implements a simple analytical approach in order to generate daily average temperatures which implicitly accounts for surface heating and drivers through a comprehensive representation of station-based temperature records on a universal standard calendar propagated by the earth’s dynamics features. The modeled and observed pattern of daily temperatures exhibits a close agreement with the level of strength agreement exceeding 0.56. The extreme high and low values of the observed temperature patterns are equally well captured although model underestimates the probability of temperatures around the two modal peaks (~25.6℃ and 27.5℃). Additionally, a theoretical thermal-based division led to the identification of six seasons, including two hot and cold periods along with two pairs of mixed hot-cold. The theoretical division proposed here appears to be a good approximation for the understanding of rainfall seasonality in this area.

关键词： Daily Temperature Estimates Earth’s Dynamics Seasonal Divisions

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