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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： ernesto Doncel-Pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

Web-Based Platform and Remote Sensing Technology for Monitoring Mangrove Ecosystem

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Open Journal of Ecology 2025年第1期15卷 1-10页

作者： Evelyn Anthony Rodriguez John Edgar Sualog Anthony Randy Anthony Quitain Wilma Cledera Delos Santos ernesto Jr. Benda Rodriguez College of Computer Studies Mindoro State University Victoria Philippines College of Arts and Sciences Mindoro State University Victoria Philippines

Remote sensing and web-based platforms have emerged as vital tools in the effective monitoring of mangrove ecosystems, which are crucial for coastal protection, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. Utilizing satellite imagery and aerial data, remote sensing allows researchers to assess the health and extent of mangrove forests over large areas and time periods, providing insights into changes due to environmental stressors like climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. Coupled with web-based platforms, this technology facilitates real-time data sharing and collaborative research efforts among scientists, policymakers, and conservationists. Thus, there is a need to grow this research interest among experts working in this kind of ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive literature review on the effective role of remote sensing and web-based platform in monitoring mangrove ecosystem. The research paper utilized the thematic approach to extract specific information to use in the discussion which helped realize the efficiency of digital monitoring for the environment. Web-based platforms and remote sensing represent a powerful tool for environmental monitoring, particularly in the context of forest ecosystems. They facilitate the accessibility of vital data, promote collaboration among stakeholders, support evidence-based policymaking, and engage communities in conservation efforts. As experts confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation, leveraging technology through web-based platforms is essential for fostering a sustainable future for the forests of the world.

关键词： Mangrove Ecosystems Monitoring Remote Sensing Web-Based Platform

Addicts with chronic hepatitis C:Difficult to reach,manage or treat?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 8011-8019页

作者： Barbara Zanini Federica benini Marie Graciella Pigozzi Patrizia Furba ernesto Giacò Antonia Cinquegrana Mariagrazia Fasoli Alberto Lanzini Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences Gastroenterology Unit University and Spedali Civili of Brescia I-25123 Brescia Italy Territorial Addiction Service (SerT) Local Health Authority (ASL) of Brescia I-25100 Brescia Italy

AIM:To assess the acceptance,safety and efficacy of care and treatment for chronic hepatitis C(CHC)in drug ***:We designed a multidisciplinary,phase IV prospective cohort *** illicit drug users(IDUs)visited a Territorial Addiction Service(SerT)in the District of Brescia,and hepatitis C antibody(HCVAb)testing positive were offered as part of a standardised hepatologic visit in our Gastroenterology *** with confirmed CHC and without medical contraindications were administered peginterferon alfa-2b 1.5μg/kg per week plus ribavirin(800-1400 mg/d)for *** IDUs were unselected because of ongoing addiction and read and signed an informed consent *** responses at weeks 4 and 12 of therapy,at the end of treatment and 24 wk after the end of treatment were the main measures of *** was estimated according to the 80/80/80 ***:From November 2007 to December 2009,162 HCVAb+IDUs were ***-seven patients(41%of the initial cohort)completed the diagnostic procedure,and CHC was diagnosed in 54(33%of the total).Forty-nine patients were offered therapy,and 39agreed(80%of acceptance rate).The prevalent HCV genotype was type 1,and the HCV RNA baseline level was over 5.6 log/mL in 61%of *** patients dropped out,two because of severe adverse events(SAEs)and three without medical ***-three and 14 patients achieved end of treatment responses(ETRs;59%)and sustained virologic responses(SVRs;36%),***-one patients were fully compliant with the study protocol(80%adherence).The prevalence of host and viral characteristics negatively affecting the treatment response was high:age over40 years(54%),male gender(85%),overweight body type(36%),previous unsuccessful antiviral therapy(21%),HCV genotype and viral load(60%and 62%,respectively),earlier contact with HBV(40%)and steatosis and fibrosis(44%and 17%,respectively).In a univariate analysis,alcohol intake was associated with a non-respon

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Addiction Antiviral therapy Interferon Multidisciplinary

Assessment of skeletal muscle alterations and circulating myokines in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease:A crosssectional study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第7期31卷 63-73页

作者： Yolanda Real Martinez Carlos ernesto Fernandez-Garcia Esther Fuertes-Yebra Mario Calvo Soto Angela Berlana Vicente Barrios Maria Caldas Leticia Gonzalez Moreno Luisa Garcia-Buey Begoña Molina Baena Miguel Sampedro-Nuñez Maria J Beceiro C García-Monzón Águeda González-Rodríguez Servicio Aparato Digestivo Hospital Universitario La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28006Spain Unidad de Investigación Hospital Universitario Santa CristinaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La PrincesaMadrid 28009Spain Department of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsHospital Infantil Universitario Niño JesúsInstituto de Investigación La PrincesaMadrid 28009Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición Hospital Universitario La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28006Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale(IIBM) CSIC-UAMMadrid 28029Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas Madrid 28029Spain

BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle alterations(SMAs)are being increasingly recognized in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and appear to be associated with deleterious outcomes in these ***,their actual prevalence and pathophysiology remain to be *** To determine the prevalence of SMAs and to assess the significance of circulating myokines as biomarkers in patients with *** Skeletal muscle strength and muscle mass were measured in a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 62 patients fulfilling MASLD criteria,recruited from the outpatient clinics of a tertiary level *** degree of fibrosis and liver steatosis was studied using abdominal ultrasound and transitional *** and metabolic characteristics as well as serum levels of different myokines were also determined in the MASLD *** analysis was performed comparing results according to liver fibrosis and *** No significant differences were found in both skeletal muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass in patients with MASLD between different stages of liver ***,serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21(FGF21)were significantly higher in patients with MASLD with advanced hepatic fibrosis(F3-F4)than in those with lower fibrosis stages(F0-F2)(197.49±198.27 pg/mL vs 95.62±83.67 pg/mL;P=0.049).In addition,patients with MASLD with severe hepatosteatosis(S3)exhibited significantly higher serum levels of irisin(1116.87±1161.86 pg/mL)than those with lower grades(S1-S2)(385.21±375.98 pg/mL;P=0.001).CONCLUSION SMAs were uncommon in the patients with MASLD *** serum levels of irisin and FGF21 were detected in patients with advanced liver steatosis and fibrosis,respectively,with potential implications as biomarkers.

关键词： Skeletal muscle alterations Myokines Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Liver fibrosis Hepatosteatosis

Self-Organized Growth of Complex Nanotube Patterns on Crystal Surfaces

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 743-754页

作者： ernesto Joselevich Department of Materials and Interfaces Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 76100Israel

The organization of carbon nanotubes into well-dened straight or curved geometries and arrays on surfaces is a critical prerequisite for their integration into nanocircuits and a variety of functional *** review the recent development of a new approach to carbon nanotube organization based on self-organized growth directed by well-defined crystal surfaces,or“nanotube epitaxy”.We identify three different modes of surface-directed growth,namely by atomic rows,atomic steps,and *** emphasis is given here to the combinations of such surface-directed growth with external forces-like those exerted by an electriceld or gas o-wfor the creation of well-de-ned complex geometries,including crossbar architectures,serpentines,and coils.

关键词： Nanotubes self-organization surface science nanostructures nanofabrication self-assembly

Oregano and Rosemary Essential Oils in Collagen Fiber and Polyvinyl Alcohol Films: Application as Biodegradable Active Packaging for Ready-to-Eat Meat Products

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 1-27页

作者： Suslin Raatz Thiel Cássio Poerschke Rodrigues José Dilson Francisco da Silva Mari Silvia Rodrigues de Oliveira Stephanie Reis Ribeiro Rosa Cristina Prestes ernesto Hashime Kubota Roger Wagner Renius Mello Department of Food Science and Technology Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Developing packaging using biomaterials offers a solution to the problem of solid plastic waste in urban areas. However, selecting suitable materials remains challenging, particularly when the packaging is intended for food products with high moisture content, such as meat. In response to this challenge, a novel film comprising a blend of collagen fiber and polyvinyl alcohol, supplemented with varying concentrations of oregano and rosemary essential oils, was developed. The mechanical properties, in vitro antioxidant activity, and chemical composition of these collagen fiber and polyvinyl alcohol films, enhanced with oregano and rosemary essential oils, were thoroughly characterized. The compounds γ-terpinene and ρ-cymene played a significant role in the antioxidant activity of the packaging. The impact of this active packaging on the quality of sliced mortadella was evaluated over 0, 3, 6, and 9 days of refrigeration. Time significantly influenced most of the variables examined. The concentration of essential oils (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%) significantly affected the moisture level, water activity, pH, and Escherichia coli count in the packaged product. For lipid oxidation analysis, the type of essential oil proved significant, with oregano essential oil demonstrating superior activity. A pro-oxidant effect was noted in products with 6% rosemary essential oil. Packages containing essential oils from oregano and rosemary exhibited lower E. coli counts. Films enriched with essential oils showed a higher rate of biodegradation.

关键词： Lipid Oxidation Escherichia coli Principal Component Analysis Bioactive Compounds Shelf Life Mechanical Properties

A Systematic Review on the Comparison between Lumbar Disc Hernia Resection by Endoscopy and Microdiscectomy

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 29-36页

作者： Iván Ulises Sámano López ernesto Eduardo Galván Hernández Rafael Avendaño Pradel José Armando Biebrich Murguía Emmanuel Cantú Chávez Thania Karina Gutiérrez Anchondo Centro Mdico ABC Ciudad de Mxico Mxico

Background: Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation is a widely debated topic, with several techniques available. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PELD) has gained popularity due to its lower invasiveness compared to conventional techniques such as microdiscectomy/open lumbar microdiscectomy (OLMD)/tubular microdiscectomy (TMD). However, evidence on the effectiveness, recovery time and complications of these techniques is not yet clearly established. This systematic review aims to compare the preoperative and postoperative outcomes of both techniques. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in databases including PubMed and Cochrane, following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Comparative studies and narrative reviews on PELD and OLMD/TMD published between 2019 and 2024 were included. Key outcomes considered were pre- and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), hospitalization time, time to return to work, and postoperative complications. Results: The reviewed studies indicated that PELD is associated with a greater reduction in postoperative pain compared to OLMD/TMD, with a significant decrease in VAS, according to the study by Priola et al. (2019). The hospital stay was also shorter for patients undergoing PELD, averaging 2 days compared to OLMD/TMD. Furthermore, PELD favored a faster return to work and had a lower rate of postoperative complications, such as dural tears and reoperations, compared to OLMD/TMD. Conclusions: PELD demonstrates clear advantages over OLMD/TMD in terms of pain reduction, shorter hospital stay, faster return to work, and fewer postoperative complications. However, the implementation of this technique requires a significant learning curve, suggesting that its effectiveness may vary depending on the surgeon’s experience. PELD should be considered a preferred option in the resection of lumbar disc herniations, especially in patients seeking a quick and less invasive recovery.

关键词： Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy (PELD) Microdiscectomy/Open Lumbar Microdiscectomy (OLMD)/Tubular Microdiscectomy (TMD) Lumbar Disc Herniation Minimally Invasive Surgery Postoperative Recovery Postoperative Complications

The plasma membrane calcium pump in the hearing process:physiology and pathology

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2011年第8期54卷 686-690页

作者： ernesto CARAFOLI Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Padova

Mammalian cells express four different plasma membrane Ca2+ *** of them(PMCA1 and PMCA4) are expressed ubiquitously,and are considered housekeeping ***(PMCA2 and PMCA4) have tissue restricted *** are abundantly expressed in the brain and in nervous tissue-derived cell *** primary transcripts of all PMCAs undergo alternative splicing,generating a large number of additional *** occurs at site A,in the N-terminal moiety of the pump,and at site C,within the C-terminal calmodulin binding domain:The pumps are canonical targets of calmodulin *** site C insertion leads to a truncation of the pump about 50 residues short of the original *** of the pumps(PMCA2) has special properties:It displays high activity even in the absence of the natural activator calmodulin,and has a particularly complex pattern of alternative splicing at both sites A and C.A variant of the PMCA2 pump containing an insert at site A and truncated C-terminally is the resident isoform of the pump in the stereocilia of hair cells of the inner *** exports Ca2+to the endolymph that bathes the stereocilia less efficiently than the full length,non-inserted PMCA2 *** proper functioning of hair cells demands the precise maintenance of the Ca2+balance between hair cells and the endolymph. Disturbances in the balance affect the process of mechano-electrical transduction,which depends on the ability of the stereo-ciliar bundle to deflect in response to sound *** tip links that organize the bundle are formed by the Ca2+binding pro-tein cadherin 23 and by protocadherin 15:Disturbances of the Ca2+binding by cadherin 23 and/or of the ability of the PMCA2 variant of the stereocilia to export Ca2+to the endolymph generate hearing loss *** phenotypes have now been described in mice and *** some cases they are linked to mutations of both cadherin 23 and the PMCA2 pump,but in other cases they may be generated by mutati

关键词： calcium ATPases PMCA2 hereditary deafness calmodulin hair cells

Return to Sports Activities after Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery: A Review

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 37-47页

作者： Iván Ulises Sámano López ernesto Eduardo Galván Hernández Rafael Avendaño Pradel José Armando Biebrich Murguía Jorge Alberto Miranda Barrera Thania Karina Gutiérrez Anchondo Enrique Rosales Betancourt Centro Mdico ABC Ciudad de Mxico Mxico

Background: Lumbar disc herniation is a common injury among athletes, especially those who practice disciplines with repetitive flexion movements, twisting and axial loading on the spine, such as weightlifting, gymnastics, hockey and American football. In refractory cases to conservative treatment, microscopic discectomy or full endoscopic discectomy are used as surgical options to relieve pain and restore patient functionality. However, the ideal time for a return to sports activities remains a matter of debate due to variations in recovery times and risks of complications associated with each technique. Methods: A review was conducted, including articles published in the last 33 years (1991-2024), as it was the earliest date matching our search criteria. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines were included. Results: The most common complications when returning to sport prematurely include recurrence of the hernia, persistent pain (VAS leg 7 or higher after surgery) and reduced physical performance. The return to full activity rate of patients who underwent microdiscectomy reaches up to 90%, while the endoscopic technique shows a success rate that reaches 99%. Return to play meantime was 5.19 months (range 1.00 - 8.7 months) and mean time of 4.6 months (range 2 - 8 months) with Microdiscectomy and full endoscopic discectomy respectively. Conclusions: There is no unanimous consensus on the exact timing of return to sport due to variability in recovery times and clinical outcomes. In both techniques, evidence highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates surgeons, physical therapists and trainers to optimize recovery and ensure a safe return.

关键词： Lumbar Disc Herniation Microdiscectomy Lumbar Endoscopy Return to Sport Sports Injuries Sports Rehabilitation