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Structural effects induced by dialysis-based purification of carbon nanomaterials

Nano Materials Science 2024年第4期6卷 475-483页

作者： A.D.Veloso A.M.Ferraria A.M.Botelho do Rego A.S.Viana A.j.S.Fernandes A.j.Fielding R.A.Videira M.C.Oliveira CQ-VR and Chemistry Department University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro BSIRG iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and BiosciencesDepartment of Chemical Engineeringand Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and BioeconomyInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Centro de Química Estrutural Institute of Molecular SciencesDepartamento de Química e BioquímicaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de Lisboa I3N and Physics Department University of AveiroCampus de Santiago Faculty of Science Pharmacy and Biomolecular SchoolLiverpool John Moores University REQUIMTE/LAQV Laborat orio de FarmacognosiaDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Farm aciaUniversidade do Porto

Dialysis plays a crucial role in the purification of nanomaterials but its impact on the structural properties of carbon nanomaterials was never ***,a carbon-based nanomaterial generated electrochemically in potassium phosphate buffer,was characterized before and after dialysis against pure *** is shown that dialysis affects the size of the carbon domains,structural organization,surface functionalization,oxidation degree of carbon,and grade of ***,dialysis drives the nanomaterial organization from discrete roundish carbon domains,with sizes ranging from 70 to 160 nm,towards linear stacking structures of small nanoparticles （<15 nm）.In parallel,alcohol and ether （epoxide） surface groups evolve into more oxidized carbon groups （e.g.,ketone and ester groups）.Investigation of the as-prepared nanomaterial by electron paramagnetic resonance （EPR） revealed a resonance signal consistent with carbon-oxygen centred ***,this study brings to light the selective affinity of the carbon nanomaterial under study to capture Na+ions,a property greatly enhanced by the dialysis process,and its high ability to trap oxygen,particularly before *** findings open new perspectives for the application of carbon-based nanomaterials and raise awareness of the importance of structural changes that can occur during the purification of carbon-based nanomaterials.

关键词： Nanocarbon Surface functionalization NMR XPS Hydrophilic carbon Paramagnetic

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A detailed comparison of the composition of(RE)-Ba-Cu-O-Ag bulk superconductors

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 87-94页

作者： j.V.j.Congreve Y.Shi A.R.Dennis H.Druiff N.C.Tutt D.A.Cardwell j.H.Durrell Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The homogeneity of the microstructure and composition are critical in determining the properties of rare earthbarium‐cuprate,single grain bulk superconductors[(RE)BCO].The magnitude of the trapped magnetic field achieveable in these technologically important materials,in particular,is influenced heavily by the size and distribution of(RE)_(2)BaCuO_(x)(RE‐211)flux pinning inclusions in the bulk microstructure,whereas the size and distribution of silver agglomerates present within the bulk superconducting matrix correlate directly with improved mechanical *** careful engineering,these materials have significant potential for application in range of devices related to energy storage,medicine,electro‐magnetic machinery and microelectronic *** of(RE)BCO bulk superconductors typically involves heating a powder compact above its peritectic decomposition temperature followed by slow cooling to facilitate the growth of a single ***(RE)BCO composition has a different peritectic temperature and growth rate,which,therefore,necessitates different requirements in the heating *** fabrication temperature and growth rate,for example,may have an effect on the RE‐211 and silver distribution,which may,in turn,affect the superconducting properties of the resulting single *** this work we compare the distributions of silver and RE‐211 in the single grain microstructures of YBCOAg,GdBCO‐Ag,EuBCO‐Ag and SmBCO‐Ag bulk superconductors using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray *** observe that the distributions are very similar along both the a/b‐axis and c‐axis of these *** suggests that factors other than the maximum temperature used to achieve peritectic decomposition and the rate of single grain growth are particularly influential in determining the properties of the as‐processed samples in the top seeded melt growth *** observation demonstrates there is freedom to us

关键词： YBCO‐Ag GdBCO‐Ag SmBCO‐Ag EuBCO‐Ag Composition Bulk superconductor

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Are hydrides under high-pressure-high-temperature superconductors?

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National Science Review 2024年第07期 9-12页

作者： j.E.Hirsch Department of Physics University of California

Contrary to the current consensus, I argue that the existing evidence for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure is not compelling. I suggest that the focus of the field should urgently shift to establish unequivocally experimentally whether or not superconductivity in pressurized hydrides exists, instead of continuing to search for new materials that might show elusive signals of unproven superconductivity at ever higher temperatures. The implications of a negative finding for the theoretical understanding of superconductivity are discussed.

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CAR T-Cell therapies in lymphoma: current landscape, ongoing investigations, and future directions

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journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 497-510页

作者： j.erika Haydu jeremy S.Abramson Center for Lymphoma Massachusetts General Hospital&Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA.

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy has significantly improved outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma,mantle cell lymphoma,and follicular lymphoma,with multiple FDA-approved CAR T products now commercially *** studies seek to move CAR T-cells to earlier lines of therapy and to characterize the efficacy and safety of CAR T-cell approaches in additional lymphoma histologies including relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic *** areas of active research address CAR T in combination with other lymphoma-directed therapies,and mechanisms of CAR T *** review focuses on the FDA-approved anti-CD19 CAR T products for B-cell lymphomas,management of CAR T-cell-associated toxicities,approaches to bridging therapy,and ongoing clinical trials and future research directions across a broad range of lymphoma histologies.

关键词： CAR T-cells cell therapy adoptive immunotherapy non-Hodgkin lymphoma aggressive lymphoma indolent lymphoma mantle cell lymphoma diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

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Rethinking the egg

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National Science Review 2024年第06期 81-82页

作者： Michael j.Benton School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol

Our image of early dinosaur eggs must change. Early dinosaur eggs are portrayed as soft-shelled, like those of modern lizards or snakes [1], and yet all the evidence is that early dinosaurs at least laid leathery-shel...

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Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： N.IQBAL j.CHOI S.F.SHAH C.LEE S.LEE Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline Ni-rich LiNixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(NMC)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary NMC particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of NMC active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation Ni-rich LiNixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(NMC)

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Leflunomide: A versatile additive for defect reduction, enhanced optoelectronic properties and environmental stability of perovskite films

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2628-2637页

作者： Dingyue Sun Ming Peng Taijin Wang Longju Yi Shizuo Zhang Feng Liu Gary j.Cheng The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

The development of perovskite photoelectric devices with excellent performance is largely dependent on the defects in the perovskite *** address this issue,a specific drug,leflunomide(LF,C_(12)H_(9)F_(3)N_(2)O_(2)),was incorporated into the perovskite to reduce defects and improve its photoelectric *** is believed that the C=O bond on LF molecule can interact with the uncoordinated Pb2+of the perovskite,thereby reducing non-radiative *** novel approach of incorporating LF into perovskite films has the potential to revolutionize the development of high-performance perovskite photoelectric *** trifluoromethyl functional(–CF_(3))group on LF can form a protective layer on the surface of the perovskite film,shielding it from water ***,LF can be utilized to alter the nucleation position of perovskite,thus minimizing the number of defects and optimizing the film ***,the LF-doped perovskite film displays low trap density and high photoelectric *** LF-doped perovskite film showed a trap density of 8.28×10^(11),which is notably lower than the 2.04×10^(12) of the perovskite film without *** responsivity and detectivity of the LF-doped perovskite photodetector were 0.771 A/W and 2.81×10^(11) jones,respectively,which are much higher than the 0.23 A/W and 1.06×10^(10) jones of the LF-undoped perovskite ***,the LF-doped photodetector maintained an initial photocurrent of 86%after 30 days of storage in air,indicating drastically increased environmental *** strongly suggests that LF is an effective additive for perovskites utilized in optoelectronic devices with high performance.

关键词： leflunomide additive engineering defect passivation perovskite

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Exploring public perception and willingness to pay for a renewable source of energy: evidence from an emerging economy of renewable-energy development

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 177-188页

作者： Bashir, Mohammed j. K. Abdelhak, Senadjki Salah, Wael A. Abuhelwa, Mai Cent Queensland Univ Sch Engn & Technol 120 Spencer St Melbourne Qld 3000 Australia Univ Tunku Abdul Rahman Fac Business & Finance Kampar Perak Malaysia Palestine Tech Univ Kadoorie Coll Engn & Technol Dept Elect Engn POB 7 Yafa St Tulkarm Palestine Univ Missouri Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Columbia MO 65211 USA

The study focuses on the transition from conventional energy sources to sustainable renewable energy (RE) in Palestine, particularly in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The research aims to understand the relationship between key factors and residents' willingness to invest in the RE sector, with a specific focus on the impact of education. Using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, the study analyzes data from 400 residents through a questionnaire and employs ordinary least-squares regression analysis with Eviews 12. The key findings indicate that residents' inclination to invest in RE is significantly influenced by factors such as resource availability, knowledge level and power outages. Moreover, the study suggests that educated residents are more likely to invest in RE when factors such as knowledge, effort expectation, enabling conditions and resource availability are relatively high. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of policymakers' allocating sufficient funds to research and development to promote technological innovation in RE sources, thereby enhancing the population's energy efficiency. The study focuses on the transition from conventional energy to sustainable renewable energy in Palestine, particularly in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, to understand the relationship between key factors and residents' willingness to invest in the RE sector, with a specific focus on the impact of education. Graphical Abstract

关键词： renewable energy technology energy security public perceptions sustainable development UNIFIED THEORY RURAL-AREAS TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE DETERMINANTS INTENTION RELIABILITY SERVICES SYSTEM ERRORS

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Revolutionizing plasmonic platform via magnetic field-assisted confined ultrafast laser deposition of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine nanoparticle arrays

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International journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 428-438页

作者： jin Xu Lingfeng Wang Peilin Yang Haoqing jiang Huai Zheng Licong An Xingtao Liu Gary j Cheng School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906United States of America Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072People’s Republic of China

The remarkable capabilities of 2D plasmonic surfaces in controlling optical waves havegarnered significant ***,the challenge of large-scale manufacturing of uniform,well-aligned,and tunable plasmonic surfaces has hindered their *** address this,we present a groundbreaking tunable plasmonic platform design achieved throughmagnetic field(MF)assisted ultrafast laser direct deposition in *** precise control of metal nanoparticles(NPs),with cobalt(Co)serving as the model material,employing an MF,and fine-tuning ultrafast laser parameters,we have effectively converted coarse and non-uniform NPs into densely packed,uniform,and ultrafine NPs(~3 nm).This revolutionary advancement results in the creation of customizable plasmonic‘hot spots,’which play a pivotal role insurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)*** profound impact of this designable plasmonic platform lies in its close association with plasmonic resonance and *** the plasmonic nanostructures resonate with incident light,they generate intense local electromagnetic fields,thus vastly increasing the Raman scattering *** enhancement leads to an outstanding 2–18 fold boost in SERS performance and unparalleled sensing sensitivity down to 10^(-10)***,the plasmonic platform also demonstratesrobustness,retaining its sensing capability even after undergoing 50 cycles of rinsing andre-loading of ***,this work adheres to green manufacturing standards,making it an efficient and environmentally friendly method for customizing plasmonic‘hot spots’inSERS *** study not only achieves the formation of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine NP arrays on a tunable plasmonic platform but also showcases the profound relation betweenplasmonic resonance and energy *** outstanding results observed in SERS sensors further emphasize the immense potential of this technology for energy-relatedapplications,including photocatalysis,ph

关键词： magnetic field manipulation laser deposition metasurface SERS

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Theoretical and experimental study of a bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester under hybrid galloping and band-limited random excitations

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 461-478页

作者： Haitao LI Tianyu ZHENG Weiyang QIN Ruilan TIAN Hu DING j.C.jI Liqun CHEN Department of Engineering Mechanics North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Department of Engineering Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Department of Engineering Mechanics Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Frontier Science Center of MechnoinformaticsShanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Technology SydneyNew South Wales 2007Australia

In the practical environment,it is very common for the simultaneous occurrence of base excitation and *** the combined energy of vibration and wind with a single energy harvesting structure is *** this purpose,the effects of the wind speed and random excitation level are investigated with the stochastic averaging method(SAM)based on the energy *** results of the analytical prediction are verified with the Monte-Carlo method(MCM).The numerical simulation shows that the introduction of wind can reduce the critical excitation level for triggering an inter-well jump and make a bi-stable energy harvester(BEH)realize the performance enhancement for a weak base ***,as the strength of the wind increases to a particular level,the influence of the random base excitation on the dynamic responses is weakened,and the system exhibits a periodic galloping response.A comparison between a BEH and a linear energy harvester(LEH)indicates that the BEH demonstrates inferior performance for high-speed *** experiments are conducted to investigate the validity of the theoretical prediction and numerical *** experimental findings also show that strong random excitation is favorable for the BEH in the range of low wind ***,as the speed of the incoming wind is up to a particular level,the disadvantage of the BEH becomes clear and evident.

关键词： bi-stability inter-well response galloping band-limited random

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