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Evaluation of Rational Use of Antiretrovirals before the Dolutegravir Transition in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2021年第2期11卷 41-49页

作者： erick n. kamangu Ben I. Bulanda Idriss M. Mwanaut Simplice K. Makoka Gauthier K. Mesia “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo HIV/AIDS Unit Service of Molecular Biology Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: The ultimate goal of AntiRetroViral Treatments (ART) is to achieve complete immune restoration and lasting viral suppression in the infected patient. In order to ensure the efficacy, safety and accessibili... 详细信息

ng>Background:ng> The ultimate goal of AntiRetroViral Treatments (ART) is to achieve complete immune restoration and lasting viral suppression in the infected patient. In order to ensure the efficacy, safety and accessibility of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), it is recommended that they should be prescribed according to national guidelines;which are evolving with the various recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the arrival of newer, more effective and safer molecules. ng>Objective:ng> The objective of this study was to assess the rational use of Antiretrovirals in patients treated in Kinshasa before the use of Dolutegravir within the national program in order to assess the correct use of these molecules. ng>Methods:ng> This work is a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the rational use of first-line ARVs among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in different Centers of Treatment (ATCs) in Kinshasa before the introduction of Dolutegravir. The records of patients on ARVs were randomly and rationally selected in 12 different ATCs for HIV in Kinshasa according to three centers per district in the period from June to September 2018. Information on use and consumption of ARVs, compliance with guidelines, change of therapeutic combination as well as their reasons were consulted for the present study. ng>Results:ng> 507 files of PLHIV were collected in the various ATCs. 274 (54.1%) were from female patients. The most represented age group was 26 to 35 years with 192 patients (37.9%). The mean duration of first-line treatment for all patients included was 16.30 ± 5.85 months. The most widely used combination of ARVs overall was TDF + 3TC + EFV at 45.4%. 305 (60.2%) PLHIV kept the same first-line treatment molecule throughout the treatment period with an average treatment duration of 12.9 ± 2.77 months. The most common combination found in this population was TDF + 3TC + EFV (69.2%). 202 (39.8%) PLHIV changed

关键词： Rational Use ARVs Dolutegravir Kinshasa

Profile of Discordant Couples for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Followed in Kinshasa: Case of Monkole Medical Center

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 125-146页

作者： Isaac T. Woto Cagod B. Inkale Simplice K. Makoka Samclide Mbikayi Berry I. Bongenya erick n. kamangu Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Research Group “Focus VIH/SIDA” Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Medicine Université Technologique Bel Campus Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Infectious Diseases Monkole Medical Center Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Centre de Formation et d’Appui Sanitaire (CEFA-Monkole) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: Programs targeting serodiscordant couples in Africa are not a priority in efforts to prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, although a large proportion of these occur in stable relationships, of which serodiscordance accounts for about two-thirds with a high risk of seroconversion of the seronegative partner. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the profile of HIV serodiscordant couples followed in Kinshasa, DRC. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study to describe the profile of different heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples followed at the Monkole Medical Center in Kinshasa, DRC, from november 2021 to June 2022. The data were collected from the information sheets elaborated by the research team as well as from the information provided by the computerized files of the patients managed at the Infectious Diseases Unit of the Monkole Medical Center after the signature of the informed consent. An average of 8 cc of blood was taken from a peripheral vein in the patient’s forearm, and was stored in EDTA tubes at −20˚C, of which at least 6 mL were used for biochemical analyses, 2 spots of 200 μL for each partner were stored on filter paper at −20˚C and were used for DnA extraction. nested PCR confirmed the serological diagnosis. Results: Out of a total of 482 heterosexual couples followed for HIV at the Monkole Medical Center, 28 (5.8%) were HIV serodiscordant, of which 14 (2.9%) couples agreed to participate in the present study. The mean age was 43.39 ± 10 years with extremes ranging from 24 to 62 years. The patients were mainly from the informal sector (53.6%) and weighed between 61 and 71 kg (46.4%). Sexual intercourse continued in all couples, without condom use (85.7%) for desire of procreation (82.1%);although the great majority of HIV-negative partners (85.7%) were not under ARV prophylaxis. Leukopenia was found in 42.9% of HIV-negative partners compared to 21% of HIV-positive partners;all partners had a predominan

关键词： Discordant Couple Profile HIV Kinshasa

Virological Profile of People Living with HIV after 12 Months of Treatment with Dolutegravir in Kinshasa

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 171-177页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumoko Benoit O. Kabengele erick n. kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Focus HIV/AIDS Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: The evaluation of plasma Viral Load constitutes an indicator of the progression of the infection, the effectiveness and the tolerance of the treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is to present the virological profile of Patients Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 12 months of AntiRetro Viral Treatment (ART) based on Dolutegravir (DTG) in Kinshasa. Method: The present study is a cross-sectional view of the virological profile of the twelfth month of a prospective cohort of PLHIV at M12 of DTG-based ART in Kinshasa. During the M12 appointment, a blood sample was taken for Molecular Biology analyses from all PLHIV included. Result: During the M12 appointment, 28 patients were registered, including 16 (57.1%) women. nine (9) patients (45.0%) had an undetectable Viral Load (VL). The median VL value was 3.18 log10 RnA copies/mL (1530 RnA copies/mL). The mutations K65R, T69P/n, K70R and M184V have been listed as mutations conferring resistance to nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. no mutations associated with Dolutegravir were observed at M12. Conclusion: After 12 months of AntiRetroViral Treatment based on Dolutegravir, half of the Patients on first-line ART are in a state of virological failure.

关键词： Viral Load PLHIV 12 Months of ART Dolutegravir Kinshasa

Immunovirologic Evaluation of Triomune (Lamivudine, Stavudine and nevirapine) Antiretroviral Therapy in First Line HIV-1 Adult Patients in n’Djamena, Chad

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World Journal of AIDS 2014年第3期4卷 301-305页

作者： Chatté Adawaye kamangu erick Soudy I. Djibrine Aoudalkarim Moussa Chahad Ali Mahamat Moussa Tchombou HZ Bertin Vaira Dolores Moutschen Michel Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Health Sciences National Reference General Hospital Ndjamena Chad Institute University of Sciences and Technology of Abeche Abeche Chad Laboratoire AIDS Reference CHU Liège Liège Belgium Service Infectious Diseases and General Internal Medicine CHU Liège Liège Belgium

Contexte:?The fight against HIV/AIDS epidemics is one of the greatest challenges of this century. The epidemic affects generally under-developed countries, and Sub-Saharan Africa are the most concerned. The combined marketed form known as Triomune was used as first-line treatment in several sub-Saharan African Countries (60% of VIH infected people), including Chad. However, no evaluation has been done for that treatment in the country. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety immuno-virological of Triomune at the General Hospital in n’Djamena/Chad. Methods: 48 HIV-1 positive patients eligible for ARV treatment were enrolled in our study, and they have been then followed for 8 months. We have measured in these patients the CD4 cell count before treatment and at the 8th month of treatment. After 8 months of treatment, we have also evaluated the Lymphocyte T CD4 and the plasma viral load (VL). Comparisons of means of CD4 lymphocytes and plasma CV (≥1000 copies/ml) were used to define treatment failure.?Results:?48 patients were under Triomune regime. The average CD4 count was decreased from 462 ± 179.22 [56 - 981] cells/mm3?before treatment to 327.23 ± 153.77 [10 - 1008] cells/mm3?at the 8th month of treatment. The mean plasma viral load for patients was 66008.62 copies/ml. The failure rate to Triomune was 43.75% (21/48).?Conclusion:?Aside from the side effects already described for Triomune, our study reveals a high treatment failure rate. Hence, there is the need of regular revisions of therapeutic regime administer in the first intention.

关键词： Plasma Viral Load Triomune Antiretroviral Therapy Virological Failure ARVs HIV-1 First Line

Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Starting Dolutegravir Based Antiretroviral Treatment in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 83-94页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte L. Tshinguta Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumoko Benoit O. Kabengele Gauthier K. Mesia erick n. kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Molecular Biochemistry Service Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: Despite the new recommendations “Test and Treat”, the virological and molecular parameters remain important information for Antiretroviral Treatment and adequate for monitoring of patients infected with HIV/AIDS. Objective: the Objective of this study is to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV starting Antiretroviral Therapy in Kinshasa in the era of the Dolutegravir. Methods: This was a transversal study to determine virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) starting an ARV Treatment. The patient’s inclusion period was from October 04, 2021 to February 15, 2022. A sample of 5 ml of blood was taken in a tube with EDTA anticoagulant for Molecular Biology analyzes (Viral Load and Sequencing) in all HIV patients, after reading and signing informed consent. The population was made up of adult patients over the age of 18, infected with HIV and starting ART. Results: 119 patients (56.3% of women) were included in this study, thus a sex-ratio of 1.29. The average age of patients included was 39.87 ± 12.36 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 with 37 patients (31.9%) followed by that from 26 to 35 years with 24 patients (20.7%). Out of 119 patients, 21 patients had an undetectable Viral Load (VL). The median value of VL was 4.16 log10 RnA copies/ml. 114 samples were successfully amplified. Subtype A was dominant with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%, and D (10.5 %). K65R (1.8%), T69P/n (4.4%), K70R (7.9%) and M184V (7.0%) mutations were listed as existing mutations for nucleotide Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: 38 patients (31.93%) started the TARV with a positive virological prognosis. The subtype A remains dominant in Kinshasa with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%. For Inhibitors of Transcriptase Reverse nucleotide;K65R, T69P/n, K70E/R and M184V mutations were found in patients’ naive of ARV Treatmen

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular Profile PLHIV Start of ART Kinshasa

Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with HIV after 24 Weeks of Treatment with Dolutegravir in Kinshasa

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 161-170页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte Tshinguta Benoit O. Kabengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumoko Mariano M. Lusakibanza Gauthier K. Mesia erick n. kamangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: The appointment of the M6 is crucial because it is an indicator of the prognosis of the evolution of the care and the decision-making on the continuation of the AntiRetroViral Treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is therefore to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV under treatment with Dolutegravir 6 months after being put on ART in Kinshasa. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional view at the sixth month of a prospective cohort to determine the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 6 months of ART based on Dolutegravir (DTG) in Kinshasa. A sample of 5 mL of blood was taken from all HIV patients included. The collection of biological data was carried out under the same conditions as at inclusion. After extraction, Quantitative Real-Time PCR was carried out to determine the quantity of HIV RnA in the samples according to the protocols previously described. Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and nested PCR were carried out to amplify the regions of interest for Protease and Reverse Transcriptase for sequencing. Results: The median VL value was 2.92 log10 RnA copies/mL. With 17.75% of patients experiencing major failure of first-line treatment. Subtype A is dominant with 13 cases (20.98%);followed by CRF_02AG (16.13%), subtypes C (14.52%), D (9.68%) and K (6.45%). The K65R (3 cases), T69P/n (6 cases), K70R (9 cases) and M184V (8 cases) mutations were listed as existing mutations for nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: After 6 months of ART, 59.67% of People Living with HIV on Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir is in therapeutic success while 40.33% are in a state of treatment failure. Subtype A remains dominant in the population of PLHIV. Resistance mutations were detected for Lamivudine and Tenofovir, but none for Dolutegravir.

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular PLHIV 6 Months of ART Dolutegravir Kinshasa

Enhanced biological wastewater treatment using sodium alginate-immobilized microorganisms in a fluidized bed reactor

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Water Science and Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 125-133页

作者： Yaneth A.Bustos-Terrones erick R.Bandala Gabriela E.Moeller-Chávez Victoria Bustos-Terrones Division of Graduate Studies and Research CONACYT-TecNM-Technological Institute of CuliacánCuliacánSinaloa 80220Mexico Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research InstituteLas VegasNV 89119-7363USA Academic Direction of Environmental Technology Engineering Polytechnic University of the State of MorelosJiutepecMorelos 62550Mexico

In this study,a microbial consortium isolated from an activated sludge tank of a conventional wastewater treatment plant was immobilized using sodium alginate(SA)as a support material for contaminant biodegradation in wastewater.A volume of 500 mL of activated sludge was immobilized in the SA beads(with a mass concentration of 25 g/L).The resulting SA beads were characterized,introduced into a fluidized bed reactor,fed with 1000 mL of the sample,and characterized again after the treatment *** SA-immobilized microorganisms were tested first for degradation of organic matter(expressed as chemical oxygen demand)and total phosphorous in domestic wastewater,achieving removal efficiencies of 71%and 93%,respectively,after 12 ***,the SA-immobilized microorganisms were tested for degradation of a basic blue 9(BB9)textile dye in a condition that simulated textile *** efficiency of the BB9 degradation was found to be as high as 99.5%after 2 *** to these results,SA-immobilized microorganisms were found to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative for treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater effluents.

关键词： Domestic wastewater Basic blue 9 Immobilized microorganisms Fluidized bed reactor Sodium alginate

Blood Safety in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Literature Review

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2023年第3期13卷 102-120页

作者： Alain K. K. Ilunga Cagod B. Inkale Tharcise Kilara Issac Woto Gisele K. Kabengele Berry I. Bongenya Baudouin B. T. Buassa Dieudonné T. nyembue Benoit O. Kabengele erick n. kamangu Institute for Research in Heath Sciences Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biology Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Demo-cratic Republic of the Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Service Department of Specialties University Clinics of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Pulmonology Service Department of Internal Medicine University Clinics of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) faces severe malaria, postpartum haemorrhage, malnutrition and sickle cell disease that require transfusion. The latter poses immunological, infectious, metabolic and hemodynamic risks to recipients. Objective: To present transfusion safety in the DRC through data from the literature. Methods: This review consists of listing the various articles and abstracts published online and presented in scientific conferences having as a subject of interest transfusion safety in the DRC. Results: The review is dominated by articles from eastern DRC and blood mobilization is around 0.5% of the general population. All screening tests are serological with a proven residual risk. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis infections is documented at more than 80% and represents respectively 1.9%, 2.96%, 1.89% and 1.21%. The prevalence of other pathogens, the immunological and haemodynamic risk are very poorly documented (12.5% to 25%). The prevalence of Parvovirus B19 infection is 5.3% and that of bacterial contamination at 1.4%, that of malaria infestations between 0.3% and 28.3%, that of trypanosomiasis at 1.3%, that of babebiosis at 0.17% in blood donors. Allo-immunization represents 47.8%, adverse reactions 3.4%, iron deficiency 63.2, iron deficiency anemia 25.9% and anemia 36.5%. Pediatrics is the biggest user of this blood. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis infections is within the range of sub-Saharan African countries. The serological test is systematic and involves the residual risk, it is necessary to introduce the molecular tests. The prevalence of other pathogens (emerging viruses, bacteria and hemoparasites), the immunological and metabolic risk is poorly documented. The search for these pathogens, irregular antibodies and the determination of ferritin in blood donations is not systematic.

关键词： Prevalence Pathogens Transfusion Democratic Republic of the Congo

Peroxymonosulfate decomposition by homogeneous and heterogeneous Co: Kinetics and application for the degradation of acetaminophen

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 30-40页

作者： Oscar M.Rodríguez-narvaez Ruwini D.Rajapaksha Mahinda I.Ranasinghe Xuelian Bai Juan Manuel Peralta-Hernández erick R.Bandala Departamento de Química DCNEUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuato C.P.3C6040Mexico Department of Chemistry New Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologySocorroNM 87801USA Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research InstituteLas VegasNV 89119-7363USA

Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)decomposition,hydroxyl radical(·OH)generation,and acetaminophen(ACT)degradation by the Co/PMS system using homogeneous(dissolved cobalt)and heterogeneous(suspended Co3O4)cobalt were *** the homogeneous process,>99%PMS decomposition was observed and 10 mmol/L of·OH generation was produced using 5 mmol/L of PMS and different dissolved cobalt concentrations after 30 min.A dissolved cobalt concentration of 0.2 mmol/L was used to achieve>99%ACT degradation using the homogeneous *** the heterogeneous process,60%PMS decomposition and negligible·OH generation were observed for 5 mmol/L of the initial PMS concentration using 0.1 and 0.2 g/L of *** of ACT greater than 80%was achieved for all experimental runs using 5 mmol/L of the initial PMS concentration independently of the initial Co3O4 load *** the heterogeneous process,the best experimental conditions for ACT degradation were found to be 3 mmol/L of PMS and 0.2 g/L of Co3O4,for which>99%ACT degradation was achieved after 10 *** negligible·OH was produced by the Co3O4/PMS process,a second-order kinetic model was proposed for sulfur-based free radical production to allow fair comparison between homogeneous and heterogeneous *** the kinetic data and the reaction by-products identified,a mechanistic pathway for ACT degradation is suggested.

关键词： Co3O4 PMS decomposition Fenton-like reaction Acetaminophen ·OH production