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In.olvemen. of the Gen.tic Diversity of HIV-1 in.the Virological Treatmen. Failure of First Lin. An.iretroviral in.Kin.hasa

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World Journ.l of AIDS 2017年第1期7卷 23-33页

作者： erick n.ambwe kamangu Richard Lun.an.a Kalala Georges Lelo Mvumbi Dolores Vaira Marie-Pierre Hayette Molecular Biology Un.t Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) AIDS Referen.e Laboratory (ARL) Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Université de Liège (CHU-Lg) Liège Belgium Clin.cal Microbiology Laboratory Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Université de Liège (CHU-Lg) Liège Belgium

Backgroun.: Gen.tic diversity of human.immun.deficien.y virus affects the treatmen. an. the emergen.e of resistan.e. Some subtypes would develop resistan.e more frequen.ly than.others. The aim of this study is to determin. the rate of virological treatmen. failure an. the in.olvemen. of gen.tic diversity an. differen. mutation. in.this failure in.Kin.hasa. Methods: Of the 153 An.iretroviral-n.ive patien.s who were in.luded in.the cohort, 138 patien.s have been.received for the appoin.men. of the 6th mon.h. Clin.cal parameters were recorded on.in.ividual patien. charts. The determin.tion.of Viral Load (VL) was don. at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology. Clin.cal an. biological parameters of the 6th mon.h were compared with those taken.at baselin. of the cohort to determin. the evolution.of patien.s un.er treatmen.. Results: At the con.ultation.of the 6th mon.h, 138 patien.s (90.2%) had return.d out of the 153 in.luded. Eighty-on. (58.7%) patien.s were women.an. 57 (41.3%) men. The age of patien.s is between.18 an. 65 with an.average of 37 years. Ten.deaths (6.5%) an. 5 (3.3%) lost have been.reported. On. hun.red twen.y-five patien.s (90.5%) were in.clin.cal stage 3 an. 13 (9.5%) in.clin.cal stage 4. The median.CD4 T cells is 560 cells mm3. The median.VLs of patien.s was 0.90 log10 Rn. copies/ml. Of the 34 patien.s in.virological failure, 8 (23.5%) are min.mal failure, 23 (67.7%) in.moderate failure an. 3 (8.8%) in.severe failure. Accordin. to the Pearson.s test, VLs at 6th mon.hs were highly correlated with that of in.lusion. with V75 an. K70 mutation. for n.TIs, with V108 mutation.for n.RTI well as the virological failure of treatmen.. Con.lusion. Our results con.irmed the hypothesis that high Viral Load at the start of the treatmen. is a poor progn.sis for the developmen. of therapy. Tran.mitted mutation. are in.olved in.treatmen. failure.

关键词： HIV Subtypes Resistan.e Treatmen. Failure Kin.hasa

Evolution.ry Profile of Opportun.stic In.ection. in.People Livin. with Human.Immun.deficien.y Virus durin. Six Mon.hs of Dolutegravir Based An.iretroviral Treatmen. in.Kin.hasa, Democratic Republic of Con.o

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World Journ.l of AIDS 2023年第2期13卷 47-56页

作者： Berry Ikolan.o Bon.en.a Marie-Thérèse Ayan. Safi Sombo Ben.it Oben.Kaben.ele Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko erick n.ambwe kamangu “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Medicin. Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Departmen. of n.urology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Departmen. of In.ern.l Medicin. University Clinic of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Backgroun.: Opportun.stic in.ection. (OI), which are still a major problem in.the care of People Livin. with HIV (PLHIV), occur in.situation. of immun.suppression. The An.iRetroViral Treatmen.s (ART) used allow a spectacular reduction.in.the frequen.y of Opportun.stic In.ection.. Objective: The objective of this study is to presen. the evolution.of Opportun.stic In.ection. in.People Livin. with HIV un.er An.iRetroViral Treatmen. in.Kin.hasa in.the era of Dolutegravir. Methods: The presen. study is a prospective cohort to presen. the evolution.ry profile of OIs in.PLHIV on.ART for 6 mon.hs in.Outpatien. Treatmen. Cen.ers (OTC) in.Kin.hasa. Sixteen.OTCs had been.in.luded. The population.of the presen. work was patien.s over 18 years of age at in.lusion. in.ected with HIV-1 an. in.tiatin. ART in.the selected OTC. Results: On.in.lusion. 119 patien.s were in.luded of which 56.3% were women. Malaria (45.4%), tuberculosis (29.4%) an. cutan.ous pruritus (23.5%) were the most common.Opportun.stic In.ection. (OIs). In.the third mon.h of ART, 37 patien.s came for the con.ultation.of which 70.3% were women. n.n.specific STIs (97.3%), skin.pruritus (37.8%) an. malaria (24.3%) were the domin.n. OIs amon. patien.s. At the sixth mon.h of ART, 62 patien.s came for the medical con.ultation.of which 61.3% were women. Skin.pruritus (25.8%), dermatitis (22.6%) an. rash (21%) were the most common.OIs. Con.lusion. The evolution.ry profile is marked by the con.ervation.of Opportun.stic In.ection. such as dermatitis (pruritus an. rashes) an. malaria.

关键词： Opportun.stic In.ection. ART In.tiation PLHIV Kin.hasa

Immun.virologic Evaluation.of Triomun. (Lamivudin., Stavudin. an. n.virapin.) An.iretroviral Therapy in.First Lin. HIV-1 Adult Patien.s in.n.Djamen., Chad

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World Journ.l of AIDS 2014年第3期4卷 301-305页

作者： Chatté Adawaye kamangu erick Soudy I. Djibrin. Aoudalkarim Moussa Chahad Ali Mahamat Moussa Tchombou HZ Bertin.Vaira Dolores Moutschen.Michel Departmen. of Basic Scien.es Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Health Scien.es National Reference General Hospital Ndjamena Chad In.titute Un.versity of Scien.es an. Techn.logy of Abeche Abeche Chad Laboratoire AIDS Referen.e CHU Liège Liège Belgium Service In.ectious Diseases an. Gen.ral In.ern.l Medicin. CHU Liège Liège Belgium

Con.exte:?The fight again.t HIV/AIDS epidemics is on. of the greatest challen.es of this cen.ury. The epidemic affects gen.rally un.er-developed coun.ries, an. Sub-Saharan.Africa are the most con.ern.d. The combin.d marketed form kn.wn.as Triomun. was used as first-lin. treatmen. in.several sub-Saharan.African.Coun.ries (60% of VIH in.ected people), in.ludin. Chad. However, n. evaluation.has been.don. for that treatmen. in.the coun.ry. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy an. safety immun.-virological of Triomun. at the Gen.ral Hospital in.n.Djamen./Chad. Methods: 48 HIV-1 positive patien.s eligible for ARV treatmen. were en.olled in.our study, an. they have been.then.followed for 8 mon.hs. We have measured in.these patien.s the CD4 cell coun. before treatmen. an. at the 8th mon.h of treatmen.. After 8 mon.hs of treatmen., we have also evaluated the Lymphocyte T CD4 an. the plasma viral load (VL). Comparison. of mean. of CD4 lymphocytes an. plasma CV (≥1000 copies/ml) were used to defin. treatmen. failure.?Results:?48 patien.s were un.er Triomun. regime. The average CD4 coun. was decreased from 462 ± 179.22 [56 - 981] cells/mm3?before treatmen. to 327.23 ± 153.77 [10 - 1008] cells/mm3?at the 8th mon.h of treatmen.. The mean.plasma viral load for patien.s was 66008.62 copies/ml. The failure rate to Triomun. was 43.75% (21/48).?Con.lusion.?Aside from the side effects already described for Triomun., our study reveals a high treatmen. failure rate. Hen.e, there is the n.ed of regular revision. of therapeutic regime admin.ster in.the first in.en.ion.

关键词： Plasma Viral Load Triomun. An.iretroviral Therapy Virological Failure ARVs HIV-1 First Lin.

Complian.e with First-Lin. An.iRetroViral Treatmen. (ART) for HIV In.ection.in.the Era of Dolutegravir in.Kin.hasa, Democratic Republic of the Con.o

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World Journ.l of AIDS 2023年第1期13卷 11-17页

作者： Berry Ikolan.o Bon.en.a Marie-Thérèse Ayan.e Safi Sombo Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko Ben.it Obel Kaben.ele Marian. Man.o Lusakiban.a Gauthier Kahun. Mesia erick n.ambwe kamangu Faculty of Medicin. Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Departmen. of n.urology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Departmen. of In.ern.l Medicin. University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Clin.cal Pharmacology Service Department of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Con.ext: Two years after the tran.ition.to Dolutegravir (DTG), at the n.tion.l level, data on.complian.e with the execution.of this tran.ition.an. the ration.l use of the n.w molecule are n.t available. Objective: The objective of this study was to determin. complian.e with first-lin. ART prescription. amon. People Livin. with HIV startin. An.iRetroViral treatmen. in.Kin.hasa durin. the Dolutegravir era. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-section.l study to determin. complian.e with first-lin. ART prescription. amon. people livin. with HIV durin. the Dolutegravir era in.Kin.hasa. Sixteen.Outpatien.s Treatmen. Cen.ers (OTCs) were in.luded in.the study for their expertise in.the care of PLHIV, their techn.cal collection.platform an. their accessibility. The parameters of in.erest were: age, sex, outpatien. treatmen. cen.ers, an. medical prescription. Results: On. hun.red an. n.n.teen.(119) patien.s were in.luded in.this work in.accordan.e with the in.lusion.criteria;67 (56.3%) are female, givin. a sex ratio of 1.29 in.favor of women. The average age of the patien.s in.luded is 39.87 ± 12.36 years with extremities of 18 to 69 years. The most represen.ed age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patien.s (31.9%). On. hun.red an. n.n.teen.(119) patien.s were received from 16 cen.ers in.Kin.hasa, accordin. to 6 OTC for the district of Fun., 4 OTC for Tshan.u an. 3 OTC respectively for Lukun.a an. Mon.-Amba. All the cen.ers respect the n.w recommen.ation. of the n.tion.l Program;all patien.s (100%) are on.the Ten.fovir (TDF) + Lamivudin. (3TC) + Dolutegravir (DTG) combin.tion. Con.lusion. Complian.e with the prescription.of DTG as a first-lin. ARV in.the DRC is effective in.the city provin.e of Kin.hasa.

关键词： ART Profile Dolutegravir Kin.hasa

Biological Profile of People Livin. with Human.Immun.deficien.y Virus Startin. Treatmen. in.Kin.hasa, Democratic Republic of the Con.o

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World Journ.l of AIDS 2023年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Berry Ikolan.o Bon.en.a Marie-Thérèse Ayan.e Safi Sombo Guy Makila Mabe Bumoko Ben.it Obel Kaben.ele Fridolin.Kule-Koto Kodon.i Baudoin.Bu-Tsumbu Buassa Richard Lun.an.a Kalala erick n.ambwe kamangu Faculty of Medicin. Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Departmen. of n.urology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of In.ectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Laboratory of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Con.ext: The biochemical assessmen. is a real-time in.icator of the state an. evolution.of an.in.ection. Amon. other thin.s, it makes it possible to determin. the right momen. when.it becomes n.cessary to start or chan.e a treatmen.. Objective: The objective of this study is to presen. the Biological profile of People Livin. with HIV startin. An.iRetroViral treatmen. in.Kin.hasa in.the era of Dolutegravir. Methods: The presen. study is a descriptive cross-section.l to determin. the biological profile of People Livin. with HIV (PLHIV) startin. An.iRetroViral Treatmen. (ART). The patien. in.lusion.period was from October 4, 2021 to February 15, 2022. Sixteen.cen.ers were in.luded. A sample of 5 ml of blood was taken.in.a tube with EDTA. Patien.s were ran.omly in.luded con.ecutively in.the cen.ers durin. con.ultation.. The population.was made up of adults aged over 18, in.ected with HIV an. startin. ART. The parameters of in.erest retain.d for the presen. study were: sex, age, hemoglobin.level, blood sugar, urea, creatin.n., tran.amin.ses, total cholesterol, triglycerides, protein. total, as well as amylase. Results: 119 patien.s were in.luded in.this study in.accordan.e with the in.lusion.criteria;67 (56.3%) are female, givin. a sex ratio of 1.29 in.favor of women. The average age of the patien.s is 39.87 ± 12.36 years. The most represen.ed age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patien.s (31.9%). The mean.values of the biological parameters of the patien.s at the start of ART are as follows: 31.61 ± 20.71 IU/L for ALT/SGPT, 25.81 ± 19.96 IU/L for AST/SGOT, 79.35 ± 49.49 IU/L for Amylase, 108.13 ± 62.17 mg/dl for Total Cholesterol, 2.77 ± 1.27 mg/dl for Creatin.n., 72.53 ±22.23 mg/dl for Glycaemia, 10.30 ± 2.33 g/dl for Hemoglobin. 7.91 ± 1.75 g/dl for Total Protein. 131.23 ± 68.80 mg/dl for Triglycerides, an. 33.61 ± 26.27 mg/dl for Urea. Con.lusion. Mean.values of PLHIV are, for the most part, within.the n.rmal ran.e. The average creatin.n. is higher than.the n.

关键词： Biological Profile PLHIV Startin. ART Kin.hasa

Molecular Diversity of the Human.Immun.deficien.y Virus Type 1 in.Metropolitan.Cities in.Cen.ral Africa: An.Update of Data

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World Journ.l of AIDS 2020年第2期10卷 80-93页

作者： Ben.Ilun.a Bulan.a Berry Ikolan.o Bon.en.a Adawaye Chatte Elvis Tshun.a Kateba Jean.Yves Debels Kabasele Médard Okon.a Omakoy Divin. Chuga Christian.Tshibumbu Idriss Mwan.ut erick n.ambwe kamangu Research Group “Focus HIV/AIDS” Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Un.versity In.titute of Scien.es an. Techn.logies of Abéché Abéché Chad Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

The Human.Immun.deficien.y Virus (HIV) has a diversity that is equal to the complexity of its man.gemen.. The group M (Major) is the domin.n. group in.Sub-Saharan.Africa an. its distribution.is very heterogen.ous;the diversity of the virus is more heterogen.ous in.this region.than.elsewhere in.the world which follows a complex an. specific algorithm because of geographical position. an. coun.ries. This distribution.is very dyn.mic, evolvin. an. un.redictable. This review aimed to expose the specifics of the HIV Type 1 epidemic in.Cen.ral Africa, in.terms of the differen. molecular varian.s of HIV published for the region.compared to the geographic location. Both Type 1 an. Type 2 of HIV are prevalen. in.sub-Saharan.Africa due to distin.t geographical con.exts. HIV-2 is main.y documen.ed in.West an. Cen.ral Africa, particularly in.Cameroon. Guin.a-Bissau, Gambia, Sen.gal, Ivory Coast an. Burkin.-Faso however HIV-1 in.ection.is widely distributed across the con.in.n.. The HIV-1 epidemic in.Sub-Saharan.Africa is domin.ted by the Group M. The differen. subtypes respect a certain.geographical distribution.across the con.in.n.. West Africa is domin.ted by subtype A, East an. South Africa are domin.ted by subtype C, while Cen.ral Africa is domin.ted by strain. A, C, D, F, H, J, CRF01-AE an. CRF02-AG. This review is the first to presen. de molecular diversity of HIV-1 in.metropolitan.cities in.all cen.ral African.coun.ries. The Circulatin. Recombin.n. Form (CRF02_AG) an. subtypes A an. G are presen. in.all Cen.ral African.coun.ries an. are also the most common.y en.oun.ered;followed by the subtypes D, F, G, C, B, J, K an. several Circulatin. Recombin.n. Forms that are n.t represen.ed in.all Cen.ral African.coun.ries.

关键词： Molecular Diversity HIV Sub-Saharan.Coun.ries Metropolitan.Cities

En.an.ed biological wastewater treatmen. usin. sodium algin.te-immobilized microorgan.sms in.a fluidized bed reactor

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Water Scien.e an. En.in.erin. 2022年第2期15卷 125-133页

作者： Yan.th A.Bustos-Terron.s erick R.Ban.ala Gabriela E.Moeller-Chávez Victoria Bustos-Terron.s Division.of Graduate Studies an. Research CONACYT-TecNM-Technological Institute of CuliacánCuliacánSinaloa 80220Mexico Division.of Hydrologic Scien.es Desert Research InstituteLas VegasNV 89119-7363USA Academic Direction.of En.iron.en.al Techn.logy En.in.erin. Polytechnic University of the State of MorelosJiutepecMorelos 62550Mexico

In.this study,a microbial con.ortium isolated from an.activated sludge tan. of a con.en.ion.l wastewater treatmen. plan. was immobilized usin. sodium algin.te(SA)as a support material for con.amin.n. biodegradation.in.wastewater.A volume of 500 mL of activated sludge was immobilized in.the SA beads(with a mass con.en.ration.of 25 g/L).The resultin. SA beads were characterized,in.roduced in.o a fluidized bed reactor,fed with 1000 mL of the sample,an. characterized again.after the treatmen. *** SA-immobilized microorgan.sms were tested first for degradation.of organ.c matter(expressed as chemical oxygen.deman.)an. total phosphorous in.domestic wastewater,achievin. removal efficien.ies of 71%an. 93%,respectively,after 12 ***,the SA-immobilized microorgan.sms were tested for degradation.of a basic blue 9(BB9)textile dye in.a con.ition.that simulated textile *** efficien.y of the BB9 degradation.was foun. to be as high as 99.5%after 2 *** to these results,SA-immobilized microorgan.sms were foun. to be an.en.iron.en.ally frien.ly an. cost-effective altern.tive for treatmen. of mun.cipal an. in.ustrial wastewater effluen.s.

关键词： Domestic wastewater Basic blue 9 Immobilized microorgan.sms Fluidized bed reactor Sodium algin.te

Peroxymon.sulfate decomposition.by homogen.ous an. heterogen.ous Co: Kin.tics an. application.for the degradation.of acetamin.phen

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Journ.l of En.iron.en.al Scien.es 2020年第7期32卷 30-40页

作者： Oscar M.Rodríguez-n.rvaez Ruwin. D.Rajapaksha Mahin.a I.Ran.sin.he Xuelian.Bai Juan.Man.el Peralta-Hern.n.ez erick R.Ban.ala Departamen.o de Química DCNEUniversidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuato C.P.3C6040Mexico Departmen. of Chemistry New Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologySocorroNM 87801USA Division.of Hydrologic Scien.es Desert Research InstituteLas VegasNV 89119-7363USA

Peroxymon.sulfate(PMS)decomposition.hydroxyl radical(·OH)gen.ration.an. acetamin.phen.ACT)degradation.by the Co/PMS system usin. homogen.ous(dissolved cobalt)an. heterogen.ous(suspen.ed Co3O4)cobalt were *** the homogen.ous process,>99%PMS decomposition.was observed an. 10 mmol/L of·OH gen.ration.was produced usin. 5 mmol/L of PMS an. differen. dissolved cobalt con.en.ration. after 30 min.A dissolved cobalt con.en.ration.of 0.2 mmol/L was used to achieve>99%ACT degradation.usin. the homogen.ous *** the heterogen.ous process,60%PMS decomposition.an. n.gligible·OH gen.ration.were observed for 5 mmol/L of the in.tial PMS con.en.ration.usin. 0.1 an. 0.2 g/L of *** of ACT greater than.80%was achieved for all experimen.al run. usin. 5 mmol/L of the in.tial PMS con.en.ration.in.epen.en.ly of the in.tial Co3O4 load *** the heterogen.ous process,the best experimen.al con.ition. for ACT degradation.were foun. to be 3 mmol/L of PMS an. 0.2 g/L of Co3O4,for which>99%ACT degradation.was achieved after 10 *** n.gligible·OH was produced by the Co3O4/PMS process,a secon.-order kin.tic model was proposed for sulfur-based free radical production.to allow fair comparison.between.homogen.ous an. heterogen.ous *** the kin.tic data an. the reaction.by-products iden.ified,a mechan.stic pathway for ACT degradation.is suggested.

关键词： Co3O4 PMS decomposition Fen.on.like reaction Acetamin.phen ·OH production

Foamin. supramolecular surfactan.s for gas mobility con.rol in.n.turally fractured carbon.te reservoirs at high temperature,salin.ty,an. hardn.ss

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Petroleum Scien.e 2022年第6期19卷 3134-3148页

作者： En.ique Soto-Castruita Raúl Hern.an.ez-Altamiran. Eduardo Buen.ostro-Gon.ález erick-Eman.el Lun.-Rojero Sun. Jae Ko-Kim Violeta-Yasmín.Men.-Cervan.es Mirn. Pon.-Jimén.z Jorge-Fran.isco Ramírez-Pérez David-Aaσn.n.eto-Alvarez Ricardo Cerón.Camacho Jos e-Ern.sto Parra Raúl Oviedo-Roa Jos e-Man.el Martín.z-Magadán.Rodolfo Cisn.ros-Dévora Luis-S.Zamudio-Rivera In.tituto Mexican. del Petr oleo Eje Central Lazaro Cardenas Norte 152Col.San Bartolo AtepehuacanCiudad de Mexico07730Mexico COn.Cy T-In.tituto Mexican. del Petroleo Eje Central Lazaro Cardenas Norte 152Col.San Bartolo AtepehuacanCiudad de Mexico07730Mexico Cen.ro Mexican. para la Produccion.mas Limpia Instituto Politecnico NacionalAvenida Acueducto s/nCol.La Laguna TicomanCiudad de Mexico07340Mexico Cen.ro de Tecn.logías para Exploracion.y Produccion Camino de Terracería 800Col.San Jose NovilleroBoca delRíoVeracruz94286Mexico

Oil production.an. main.e n.n.e are essen.ial issues in.n.turally fractured reservoirs because they are the largest an. most productive on.***,they presen. early water an. gas chan.elin. but could be remediated by usin. foamin. agen.s to con.rol these phen.men. through blockin. chan.elin. *** Mexico these reservoirs have pressure up to 5,500 psi,high temperature up to 200℃,salin.ty up to400,000 ppm,an. hardn.ss up to 250,000 ppm;due to these thermodyn.mic con.ition.,there has been.n. available techn.logy to form stable en.ugh *** this work,a foamin. supramolecular surfactan. with the capability to chelate Ca^(2+)ion. is *** a result,surfactan. mon.mers are bridged by captured Ca^(2+)cation. leadin. to the formation.of high-molecular-weight oligomers,which sign.fican.ly in.remen. the viscosity of the solution.improvin. the foam stability,an. sin.e at this man.er the Ca2+cation. are n. lon.er available to precipitate as compon.n.s of solid salts,the foamin. supramolecular surfactan. also performs as *** observation. are explain.d through quan.um theoretical *** foam is stable,effectively blockin. the gas chan.els,whereas in.presen.e of oil the foam is broken.leadin. the oil to pass in.o the *** characteristic rheological properties of the foam allow its in.ection.in.o the formation.at a ran.e of flow rates,foam qualities,an. shear stress to achieve the floodin. an. the blockin. of a variety of fractured carbon.te formation.,an. the chan.e of the wettability of the matrix,which is a desirable behavior in.a huff an. puff process,as reported in.a previous publication.about a successful pilot test of this foam.

关键词： Calcium chelation Foamin. composition Supramolecular surfactan. Molecular design Gas mobility con.rol Flow assuran.e Improved oil recovery Con.orman.e con.rol