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Profile of People Living with HIV after 24 Week. of Treatment with Dolutegravir in k.nshasa

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 660-674页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Benoit O. k.bengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Hippolyte N. T. Situak.banza Fridolin k. k. k.dondi Gauthier k. Mesia Mariano M. Lusak.banza Jean Marie N. k.yembe Baudouin B. Buassa Richard L. k.lala erick N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Focus HIV/AIDS Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: The sixth month appointment (M6) is crucial because at the start of the ART course, it is an indicator of the prognosis of the evolution of care and decision-mak.ng on the continuity of treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is therefore to present the profile of People Living with HIV under treatment with Dolutegravir 6 months after starting ART in k.nshasa. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional view at M6 of a prospective cohort to determine the profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 6 months of ARV Treatment (ART) in k.nshasa, DRC. During the M6 appointment, from April to August 2022, a sample of 5 ml of blood was tak.n for the various analyzes from all HIV patients included. The collection of sociodemographic data as well as biological and clinical data was carried out under the same conditions as at inclusion. The parameters recorded during M6 were: age, sex, and religion, level of study, marital status, profession, socio-economic level, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), clinical profile, opportunistic infections as well as biochemical and molecular assessment. Results: In M6, 62 patients were registered including 38 women (61.3%), thus giving a sex ratio of 1.58 in favor of women. Fifty-seven (57) patients did not respond to the appointment, representing a loss rate of 47.89%. The most common age group is between 36 and 45 years old with 16 patients (26.7%). The mean age was 42.4 ± 13.3 years. The mean weight was 60.5 ± 15.4 k. with a mean BMI of 22.6 ± 5.8 k./m2. Thirty-four (34) patients (61.82%) were in Clinical Stage 3. Thirty-six (36) patients (67.92%) had a normal clinical condition. The most common opportunistic infections among patients in M6 were: sk.n pruritus (25.8%), dermatitis (22.6%) and rash (21%). The mean values of biochemical parameters of patients in M6 were within normal ranges. The median VL value was 2.92 log10 RNA copies/ml with 17.75% of patients experiencing major failure of f

关键词： Profile PLHIV 6 Months of ART Dolutegravir k.nshasa

Fuzzy Analysis and Evaluation of Public Transport Service Quality: A Case Study of Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2016年第5期6卷 297-311页

作者： erick P. Massami Benitha M. Myamba Leticia Edward Unit for Applied Mathematics Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Logistics and Transport Studies National Institute of Transport Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Computing and Communication Technologies National Institute of Transport Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Urban public transport plays a critical role in stimulating economic development of any nation since most of the revenues come from cities. The majority of the city dwellers of any country use public transport. The evaluation of public transport service quality provides a valuable feedback.to commuter operators to ensure continuous improvement of level of service and to the government to tak. appropriate measures for enhancing the quality of public transport service. This paper analyses and evaluates service quality of Road Public Transport (RPT) (i.e. minibuses and buses) and Urban Rail Transport (URT) in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. Since service quality and its attributes are intangible and vague, a fuzzy evaluation model is developed and applied. The formulated model is composed of Fuzzy Entropy Method (FEM) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The overall evaluation procedure is as follows: initially, an intensive literature search and experts’ opinions are employed to establish criteria for evaluating the service quality of public transport in Dar es Salaam City. The developed FEM is used to obtain criteria weight. Lastly, the formulated TOPSIS is used to provide an overall rank.ng of urban public transport service quality. The overall evaluation shows that urban rail transport outperforms road public transport in terms of service quality. Nevertheless, the urban rail transport service in Dar es Salaam City is currently not well developed as it is provided on very limited routes. Thus, the Tanzania government, the rail transport operator i.e. Tanzania Railway Limited (TRL) and the agency responsible for the provision of rail infrastructure i.e. Reli Assets Holding Company (RAHCO) are advised to design and employ Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) schemes i.e. concession contracts to invest more in rolling stock., locomotives and rail wagons so that the rail transport service is available on many routes of the road public

关键词： Service Quality Urban Public Transport Entropy Method Fuzzy TOPSIS Dar es Salaam City

Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Starting Dolutegravir Based Antiretroviral Treatment in k.nshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 83-94页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte L. Tshinguta Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Benoit O. k.bengele Gauthier k. Mesia erick N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “Focus HIV/AIDS” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine University Clinic Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Unit of Pharmacovigilance Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Molecular Biochemistry Service Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: Despite the new recommendations “Test and Treat”, the virological and molecular parameters remain important information for Antiretroviral Treatment and adequate for monitoring of patients infected with HIV/AIDS. Objective: the Objective of this study is to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV starting Antiretroviral Therapy in k.nshasa in the era of the Dolutegravir. Methods: This was a transversal study to determine virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) starting an ARV Treatment. The patient’s inclusion period was from October 04, 2021 to February 15, 2022. A sample of 5 ml of blood was tak.n in a tube with EDTA anticoagulant for Molecular Biology analyzes (Viral Load and Sequencing) in all HIV patients, after reading and signing informed consent. The population was made up of adult patients over the age of 18, infected with HIV and starting ART. Results: 119 patients (56.3% of women) were included in this study, thus a sex-ratio of 1.29. The average age of patients included was 39.87 ± 12.36 years. The most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 with 37 patients (31.9%) followed by that from 26 to 35 years with 24 patients (20.7%). Out of 119 patients, 21 patients had an undetectable Viral Load (VL). The median value of VL was 4.16 log10 RNA copies/ml. 114 samples were successfully amplified. Subtype A was dominant with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%, and D (10.5 %). k.5R (1.8%), T69P/N (4.4%), k.0R (7.9%) and M184V (7.0%) mutations were listed as existing mutations for Nucleotide Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: 38 patients (31.93%) started the TARV with a positive virological prognosis. The subtype A remains dominant in k.nshasa with 23 cases (20.2%);followed by the subtype C and CRF02_AG each with 14.0%. For Inhibitors of Transcriptase Reverse Nucleotide;k.5R, T69P/N, k.0E/R and M184V mutations were found in patients’ naive of ARV Treatmen

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular Profile PLHIV Start of ART k.nshasa

Use of Agaricus bisporus mushroom in beef burgers:antioxidant,flavor enhancer and fat replacing potential

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2019年第1期1卷 64-78页

作者： Iliani Patinho erick Saldaña Miriam Mabel Selani Adriano Costa de Camargo Thais Cardoso Merlo Beatriz Schmidt Menegali Anna Paula de Souza Silva Carmen J.Contreras-Castillo Departamento de Agroindústria Alimentos e Nutrição(LAN)Escola Superior de Agricultura“Luiz de Queiroz”(ESALQ)Universidade de São Paulo(USP)Avenida Pádua Dias11PiracicabaSP 13418-900Brazil Centro de Ciências da Natureza Campus Lagoa do SinoUniversidade Federal de São CarlosRod.Lauri Simões de BarrosKm 12BuriSPBrazil Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería ForestalPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileCasilla306-22 SantiagoChile Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial Universidad Nacional de Moquegua(UNAM)MoqueguaPeru

This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of Agaricus bisporus mushroom as a natural antioxidant,fat/salt substitute and flavor enhancer in beef *** treatments were considered using a fractional factorial design(salt[0.5,1.25 and 2.0%],fat[10,15 and 20%]and mushroom content[0,15 and 30%]).Treatments were characterized by instrumental and sensory *** statistical design indicated that fat content had little influence on the *** principal component analysis showed that the incorporation of mushrooms and salt modified the texture,moisture and water *** stability decreased as the salt content increased,at a low-fat ***,the sensory profile was affected by the mushroom and salt contents,with the fat content exerting the least ***,mushroom incorporation in beef burger may be a feasible strategy to reduce the fat content of beef burgers.

关键词： Beef burger Agaricus bisporus Lipid oxidation Texture profile analysis Descriptive analysis

Profile of People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Initiating Treatment in the Dolutegravir Era in k.nshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第3期13卷 95-115页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Benoit O. k.bengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Hippolyte N. T. Situak.banza Fridolin k. k. k.dondi Gauthier k. Mesia Mariano M. Lusak.banza Jean Marie N. k.yembe Georges L. Mvumbi Baudouin B. Buassa Richard L. k.lala erick N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Laboratory of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Back.round: For several decades, the introduction of AntiRetrovirals (ARVs) has improved the symptomatology of People Living with HIV (PLHIV), a spectacular reduction in morbidity and mortality, an improvement in life expectancy and quality of life of PLHIV. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the profile of PLHIV initiating AntiRetroViral Treatment (ART) in the era of Dolutegravir in k.nshasa. Methods: Cross-section of a prospective cohort to determine the profile of PLHIV initiating ART in k.nshasa. The inclusions were from October 04, 2021 to February 15, 2022. Confirmation of the diagnosis was carried out by Nested PCR. The inclusion criteria were: being at least 18 years old, confirmed HIV positive, naïve to ART, consenting and having signed an informed consent. The parameters of interest followed for the present study were: age, sex, religion, level of study, marital status, occupation, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), the clinical profile, the opportunistic infections as well as the para-clinical assessment (biochemistry and molecular biology). Results: 67 (56.3%) women and 52 (43.7%) men were included, thus 119 patients, all confirmed positive for HIV by Nested PCR on the gag, pol and env regions. The average age of the patients included is 39.87 ± 12.36 years and the most represented age group is that of 36 to 45 years with 37 patients (31.9%). The average height was 1.66 ± 0.08 meters, with an average weight of 56.41 ± 13.30 k., giving an average Body Mass Index (BMI) of 21.54 ± 5.17 k./m2. The majority of patients were married (46.1%), of Protestant religion (70.7%), with secondary education (66.7%), and work.ng in the informal sector (29.4%). 49 patients (41.5%) were in clinical stage 3 and 55 patients (47.0%) had a normal clinical status. Malaria (45.4%) and tuberculosis (29.4%) were the most common Opportunistic Infections. The mean values of the patients’ assessed biochemical parameters were within the ranges. The

关键词： Profile PLHIV Starting of ART Dolutegravir k.nshasa

Virological and Molecular Profile of People Living with HIV after 24 Week. of Treatment with Dolutegravir in k.nshasa

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World Journal of AIDS 2023年第4期13卷 161-170页

作者： Berry I. Bongenya Charlotte Tshinguta Benoit O. k.bengele Marie-Thérèse A. S. Sombo Guy M. M. Bumok. Mariano M. Lusak.banza Gauthier k. Mesia erick N. k.mangu Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo “HIV/AIDS Focus” Research Group Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Service of Molecular Biochemistry Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Context: The appointment of the M6 is crucial because it is an indicator of the prognosis of the evolution of the care and the decision-mak.ng on the continuation of the AntiRetroViral Treatment. Objective: The objective of this study is therefore to present the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV under treatment with Dolutegravir 6 months after being put on ART in k.nshasa. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional view at the sixth month of a prospective cohort to determine the virological and molecular profile of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) after 6 months of ART based on Dolutegravir (DTG) in k.nshasa. A sample of 5 mL of blood was tak.n from all HIV patients included. The collection of biological data was carried out under the same conditions as at inclusion. After extraction, Quantitative Real-Time PCR was carried out to determine the quantity of HIV RNA in the samples according to the protocols previously described. Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Nested PCR were carried out to amplify the regions of interest for Protease and Reverse Transcriptase for sequencing. Results: The median VL value was 2.92 log10 RNA copies/mL. With 17.75% of patients experiencing major failure of first-line treatment. Subtype A is dominant with 13 cases (20.98%);followed by CRF_02AG (16.13%), subtypes C (14.52%), D (9.68%) and k.(6.45%). The k.5R (3 cases), T69P/N (6 cases), k.0R (9 cases) and M184V (8 cases) mutations were listed as existing mutations for Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Conclusion: After 6 months of ART, 59.67% of People Living with HIV on Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Dolutegravir is in therapeutic success while 40.33% are in a state of treatment failure. Subtype A remains dominant in the population of PLHIV. Resistance mutations were detected for Lamivudine and Tenofovir, but none for Dolutegravir.

关键词： Virological Profile Molecular PLHIV 6 Months of ART Dolutegravir k.nshasa

Modeling the Interaction between a Thermal Flow and a Liquid: Review and Future Eulerian-Lagrangian Approaches

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2018年第3期8卷 264-285页

作者： Stéphane Vincent erick Meillot Céline Caruyer Jean-Paul Caltagirone Université Paris-Est Marne la Vallée Laboratoire MSME UMR 8208 Champs-Sur-Marne France CEA-DAM Le Ripault F-37 260 Monts France Université de Bordeaux Laboratoire I2M Pessac Cedex France

Suspension Plasma Spraying is a complex process in which several physical mechanisms play a part. So the modeling and understanding of the interaction between a high-velocity and thermal flow and a liquid precursor phase is of major importance concerning the control and characterization of the process. The liquid droplet size distribution has a high influence on the k.netic properties of the as-sprayed nanometer particles before impacting on a target substrate. An overview of existing models is provided dealing with the penetration of the liquid phase into the thermal flame and the resulting fragmentation and vaporization of this phase before impact. The physical characteristics of the flow as well as existing Lagrangian and Eulerian modeling strategies are briefly discussed while paying attention to the physical parameters characterized and measured by numerical simulation. The potential of the various models and also their limits are intended to be highlighted. Future coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling strategies are also proposed for a global and more exhaustive representation of the injection, fragmentation and dispersion part of the two-phase gas-liquid flow before particle impact on the substrate.

关键词： Modeling Liquid/Plasma Interaction Fragmentation Thermal Spraying Simulation

A Review of Autism Spectrum Disorder among the Somali Diaspora: Implications for Autism Care in Somalia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第3期12卷 269-284页

作者： Zak.ria Ahmed Mohamed erick Thok.runga Chunjiao Tang Ali Omar Jimale Jingyi Fan Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center for Gene Diagnosis Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Despite the dramatic increase in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) globally, no research has been conducted in Somalia regarding ASD. However, research studies from Somali immigrants (diaspora) living in Sweden, the US, the Uk. etc., have been major contributors to the subject of ASD among people of Somali descent. In this review, we aimed to examine ASD among the Somali diaspora community in terms of its prevalence, possible causes, k.owledge of the diseases among the diaspora community, and the challenges faced in raising ASD-affected children in a foreign country. These findings create a general picture of the magnitude of the burden of ASD diagnosis and management and the coping mechanisms adopted by the Somali diaspora community, which are vital lessons for policymak.rs, child health non-governmental organizations, and the professional medical bodies aiming to tack.e ASD back.home in Somalia. The study found that ASD is three to five times more prevalent among children of Somali descent than their peers from other back.rounds and that Somali children were generally diagnosed much later than their peers and often presented with lower intellectual abilities than their peers. Furthermore, Somali immigrants were found to have low levels of k.owledge about autism, faced stigma and discrimination and often resorted to religion and a small tight circle of friends and family for social support. They faced a huge challenge of seek.ng access to healthcare and schools for their autistic children and have a mistrust of social services for fear of the government tak.ng away their children. These findings raise the possibility that neglected ASD cases may be prevalent in Somalia and thus mak.s recommendations for future research, social policy development, and early intervention services for individuals with autism in Somalia.

关键词： Autism ASD Somali Immigrants Diaspora

Evaluation of Protector 700 Wd in Controlling Tobacco Pests in Tanzania

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第2期12卷 134-141页

作者： Donatha Raphael Dunda Magdalena Raphael Ntatilwa Elimboto Ibrahim Muna erick Anthony Zawadi Tobacco Research Institute of Tanzania Tabora Tanzania

In Tanzania, tobacco is an important cash crop benefiting most farmers and stak.holders. However, the crop is characterized by a low yield per unit area. Several factors are responsible for the low yield and quality of tobacco, among which are damages caused by the insects and other pests. Major insect pests of tobacco are cutworms (Agrotis spp), budworms (Heliothis virescens (F.)), (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) and aphids (Myzus persicae, Aphis tabaci) (Homoptera: Aphididae). These pests adversely affect crop growth, yield and leaf quality. In order to reduce insect attack.in tobacco, applying pesticides is a critical management practices. In Tanzania, various pesticides have been approved for use in controlling the pests. Currently, farmers are using Bamethrine 2.5 EC to control the pests. The Pesticide named Protector 700 WG with an active ingredient imidacloprid 700 g/k. is a new product introduced in Tanzania during the 2021/22 crop season. Research trials were conducted in three research sites, namely Ulowa-k.hama, Tumbi-Tabora and Mtanila-Chunya, on Protector 700 WG efficacy in different rates, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g each dissolved in 20 litres of water. The Protector 700 Wg was compared with the standard pesticide (Bamethrin 2.5 EC). Absolute control was also inclusive where the plot had no application of pesticides. The results showed that Protector 700 WG at all rates outweigh the commonly used pesticide. The difference in the number of pests between Protector 700 WG and Bamethrin 2.5 EC was significantly at P k./ha by dissolving it in 200 litres of water.

关键词： Tobacco Insect Protector