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Testing semiochemicals from aphid, plant and conspecific： attraction of Harmonia axyridis

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Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 372-382页

作者： Pascal D. Leroy Thomas Schillings julien Farmakidis Stephanie Heuskin Georges Lognay Francois j. Verheggen Yves Brostaux eric Haubruge Frederic Francis Departments of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Departments of Analytical Chemistry Departments of Applied Statistics Computer Science and Mathematics University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux Belgium

Harmonia axyridis Pallas （Coleoptera： Coccinellidae） is an invasive specie affecting the dynamics and composition of several guilds. Nowadays, no biological control method is available to reduce the populations of this harmful coccinellid. Attractants and semiochemicals seem to be the best alternative but only few studies have tested the impact of semiochemicals on this Asian lady beetle. In this work, through wind- tunnel experiments, semiochemicals from aphids （Z,E-nepetalactone, [E]-β-farnesene, a-pinene and β-pinene）, from coccinellids （[-]-β-earyophyllene） and from the nettle Urtica dioica L. were evaluated as potential attractants. The nettle volatile compounds （[Z]-3- hexenol and [E]-2-hexenal） were extracted using a Clevenger Apparatus and identified by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. In the wind-tunnel experiments, the main components of the aphid alarm pheromone as well as a component of the aphid sexual pheromone strongly attracted both sexes of the Asian lady beetle while （-）-β- caryophyllene only attracted few individuals and had no impact on the males. The nettle extract as well as the （Z）-3-hexenol oriented both males and females to the odor source. The （E）-2-hexenal was shown to have no effect on females even if this green leaf volatile attracted males. Because Z,E-nepetalactone was identified as the most efficient attractant in the wind-tunnel experiments, this volatile was also tested in a potato field where H. axyridis has been showed to respond to this semiochemical. This study highlighted that Z,E-nepetalactone orientated the Asian lady beetle H. axyridis under natural condi- tions, indicating that this volatile compound could certainly help for an efficient biological control approach against this invasive specie.

关键词： aphids attractant Harmonia axyridis plant semiochemicals wind-tunnel

Protocol for electrophysiological monitoring of carotid endarterectomies

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The journal of Biomedical Research 2010年第6期24卷 460-466页

作者： Hong Liu Anthony M Di Giorgio eric S Williams William Evans Michael j Russell Department of Anesthesiology University of California Davis Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95817USA Active Diagnostics Inc.DavisCA 95616USA Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Medical Center SacramentoCA 95825USA Aaken Laboratories Inc.DavisCA 95616USA

Near zero stroke rates can be achieved in carotid endarterectomy （CEA） surgery with selective shunting and electrophysiological *** false negative rates as high as 40% have been *** sought to determine if improved training for interpretation of the monitoring signals can advance the efficacy of selective shunting with electrophysiological monitoring across multiple centers,and determine if other factors could contribute to the differences in *** and raw beta band （12.5-30 Hz） electroencephalogram （EEG） and median and tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials （SSEP） were monitored in 668 CEA cases at six surgical centers.A decrease in amplitude of 50% or more in any EEG or SSEP channel was the criteria for shunting or initiating a neuroprotective protocol.A reduction of 50% or greater in the beta band of the EEG or amplitude of the SSEP was observed in 150 *** patient showed signs of a cerebral infarct after *** shunting based on EEG and SSEP monitoring can reduce CEA intraoperative stroke rate to a near zero level if trained personnel adopted standardized *** also found that the rapid administration of a protective stroke protocol by attending anesthesiologists was an important aspect of this success rate.

关键词： intraoperative monitoring somatosensory evoked potentials electroencephalogram carotid endarterectomy carotid

Scalable arrays of chemical vapor sensors based on DNA-decorated graphene

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Nano Research 2014年第1期7卷 95-103页

作者： Nicholas j. Kybert Gang Hee Han Mitchell B. Lerner eric N. Dattoli Ali Esfandiar A. T. Charlie johnson Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific San Diego CA 92152 USA

Arrays of chemical vapor sensors based on graphene field effect transistors functionalized with single-stranded DNA have been demonstrated. Standard photolithographic processing was adapted for use on large-area graphene by including a metal protection layer, which protected the graphene from contamination and enabled fabrication of high quality field-effect transistors （GFETs）. Processed graphene devices had hole mobilities of 1,640 ± 250 cm2.V-1.s-1 and Dirac voltages of 15 ± 10 V under ambient conditions. Atomic force microscopy was used to verify that the graphene surface remained uncontaminated and therefore suitable for controlled chemical functionalization. Single-stranded DNA was chosen as the functionalization layer due to its affinity to a wide range of target molecules and π-π stacking interaction with graphene, which led to minimal degradation of device characteristics. The resulting sensor arrays showed analyte- and DNA sequence-dependent responses down to parts-per-billion concentrations. DNA/GFET sensors were able to differentiate among chemically similar analytes, including a series of carboxylic acids, and structural isomers of carboxylic acids and pinene. Evidence for the important role of electrostatic chemical gating was provided by the observation of understandable differences in the sensor response to two compounds that differed only by the replacement of a （deprotonating） hydroxyl group by a neutral methyl group. Finally, target analytes were detected without loss of sensitivity in a large background of a chemically similar, volatile compound. These results motivate further development of the DNA/graphene sensor family for use in an electronic olfaction system.

关键词： graphene vapor sensor DNA photolithography chemical gating

Pink bollworm moth （Lepidoptera： Gelechiidae） catches in the Imperial Valley, California from 1989 to 2003

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 469-475页

作者： CHANG-CHI CHU eric T. NATWICK RAUL LEON LOPEZ jOLENER. DESSERT THOMAS j. HENNEBERRY USDA-ARS U.S. Arid Land Regearch Center Maricopa AZ University of California Cooperative Research and Extension Holtville California USA Instituto Nacionel de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolasy Pecuxrias Mexicali B.C. Mexico Imperial County Agricultural Commissioner s Office EI Centrb California USA

We examined the patterns of male pink bollworm （PBW）, Pectinophora gossypiella （Saunders）, moth catches in gossyplure-baited traps over a 15-year period from 1989 to 2003 in the Imperial Valley, California, USA. Monitoring was conducted during periods when different pink bollworm areawide control strategies were being used. Numbers of male pink bollworm moths caught in gossyplure-baited traps progressively decreased each year from 1990 to 1994 during short-season cotton production. High numbers of male moths caught in traps from 1995 to 1997 may have been related to moth migrations from the large cotton acreages grown in the Mexicali Valley bordering the Imperial Valley. Transgenic Bollgard （Bt） cotton was planted in 3% of the cotton area in 1996 and thereafter in 80%- 94% of the cotton area from 1997 to 2003. Pink bollworm moth trap catches were significantly lower from 1998 to 2003 than catches in 1995 to 1997, except for 1999. The trapping results suggested that Bt cotton had significant input on reduction of pink bollworm populations, confirming results of other investigators and providing additional documentation on the benefits of the Bt cotton culture.

关键词： Bt cotton diapause larvae gossyplure migration Pectinophora gossypiella short-season cotton

Applying Downscaled Global Climate Model Data to a Groundwater Model of the Suwannee River Basin, Florida, USA

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American journal of Climate Change 2016年第4期5卷 526-557页

作者： eric Swain j. Hal Davis Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Davie FL USA Retired US Geological Survey Davie FL USA

The application of Global Climate Model (GCM) output to a hydrologic model allows for comparisons between simulated recent and future conditions and provides insight into the dynamics of hydrology as it may be affected by climate change. A previously developed numerical model of the Suwannee River Basin, Florida, USA, was modified and calibrated to represent transient conditions. A simulation of recent conditions was developed for the 372-month period 1970-2000 and was compared with a simulation of future conditions for a similar-length period 2039-2069, which uses downscaled GCM data. The MODFLOW groundwater-simulation code was used in both of these simulations, and two different MODFLOW boundary condition “packages” (River and Streamflow-Routing Packages) were used to represent interactions between surface-water and groundwater features. The hydrologic fluxes between the atmosphere and landscape for the simulation of future conditions were developed from dynamically downscaled precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) data generated by the Community Climate System Model (CCSM). The downscaled precipitation data were interpolated for the Suwannee River model grid, and the downscaled ET data were used to develop potential ET and were interpolated to the grid. The future period has higher simulated rainfall (10.8 percent) and ET (4.5 percent) than the recent period. The higher future rainfall causes simulated groundwater levels to rise in areas where they are deep and have little ET in either the recent or future case. However, in areas where groundwater levels were originally near the surface, the greater future ET causes groundwater levels to become lower despite the higher projected rainfall. The general implication is that unsaturated zone depth could be more spatially uniform in the future and vegetation that requires a range of conditions (substantially wetter or drier than average) could be detrimentally affected. This vegetation would include wetland species,

关键词： Groundwater Climate Model River System Downscaling

Nowcasting and Forecasting Seasonal Influenza Epidemics—China,2022-2023

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China CDC weekly 2023年第49期5卷 1100-1106,I0003-I0005页

作者： Zhanwei Du Zengyang Shao Xiao Zhang Ruohan Chen Tianmu Chen Yuan Bai Lin Wang eric H.Y.Lau Benjamin j.Cowling WHO Collaborating Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public HealthLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina Department of Genetics University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Institute for Health Transformation&School of Health&Social Development Deakin UniversityMelbourneAustralia

Background:Seasonal influenza resurged in China in February 2023,causing a large number of *** influenza epidemics occurred across China during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the relaxation of COVID-19 containment measures in December 2022 may have contributed to the spread of acute respiratory infections in winter 2022/***:Using a mathematical model incorporating influenza activity as measured by influenza-like illness(ILI)data for northern and southern regions of China,we reconstructed the seasonal influenza incidence from October 2015 to September 2019 before the COVID-19 *** this trained model,we predicted influenza activities in northern and southern China from March to September ***:We estimated the effective reproduction number Re as 1.08[95%confidence interval(CI):0.51,1.65]in northern China and 1.10(95%CI:0.55,1.67)in southern China at the start of the 2022-2023 influenza *** estimated the infection attack rate of this influenza wave as 18.51%(95%CI:0.00%,37.78%)in northern China and 28.30%(95%CI:14.77%,41.82%)in southern ***:The 2023 spring wave of seasonal influenza in China spread until july 2023 and infected a substantial number of people.

关键词： winter relaxation measures

Collimated LaBr_3 detector response function in radioactivity analysis of nuclear waste drums

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2013年第6期24卷 23-28页

作者： QIAN Nan WANG Dezhong WANG Chuan ZHU Yuelong MAUERHOFER eric School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Nuclear Power Operations Management Co. Ltd. Institute of Energy and Climate Research – Nuclear Waste Management Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh

The properties of a Lanthanum bromide(LaBr3)detector and its response functions were investigated via experiments and simulations in this *** LaBr3detector had good relative energy resolution and higher efficiency than a high-purity germanium *** Carlo and other numerical methods were used to calculate the efficiencies of a LaBr3detector with a square collimation window.A model of the numerical method was established based on a pure geometric model that was consistent with the experimental *** results showed that the detector response functions calculated by these methods were in great agreement with experimental results.

关键词： LaBr3 响应函数放射性分析准直探测器检测器具料桶数值方法

Gregarious pupation act as a defensive mechanism against cannibalism and intraguild predation

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Insect Science 2016年第4期23卷 612-620页

作者： Claudia Roberge Bruno Frechette Genevieve Labrie Francois Dumont eric Lucas Universite du Quebec a Montreal Departement des Sciences Biologiques CP 8888 Succ. Centre Ville Montreal Centre de recherche sur les grains Inc (CEROM) 740 chemin Trudeau St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil Quebec J3G OE2 Canada

Coccinellid pupae use an array of defensive strategies against their natural enemies. This study aims to assess the efficiency of gregarious pupation as a defensive mechanism against intraguild predators and cannibals in coccinellid. The study was designed specifically （i） to determine the natural occurrence of gregarious pupation in the field for different coccinellid species, and （ii） to evaluate the adaptive value of gregarious pupation as a defensive mechanism against 2 types of predators （i.e., cannibals and intraguild predators）. In the field, gregarious pupation consisted of a group of 2-5 pupae. The proportion of gregarious pupation observed varied according to species, the highest rate being observed with Harmonia axyridis Pallas （Coccinellidae; 14.17%）. Gregarious pupation had no impact on the probability that intraguild predators and cannibals locate pupae. Intraguild predation occurred more often in site with gregarious pupation, while cannibalism occurred as often in site with gregarious pupation as in site with isolated pupa. However, for a specific pupa, the mortality rate was higher for isolated pupae than for pupae located in a gregarious pupation site both in the presence of intraguild predators and in the presence of cannibals. The spatial location of pupae within the group had no impact on mortality rate. Since it reduces the risk of predation, it is proposed that gregarious pupation act as a defensive mechanism for 11. axyridis pupae.

关键词： attack abatement Coccinellidae dilution effect encounter effect grouping behavior Pentatomidae Selfish herd

High quality genome sequences of thirteen Hypoxylaceae(Ascomycota)strengthen the phylogenetic family backbone and enable the discovery of new taxa

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第1期106卷 7-28页

作者： Daniel Wibberg Marc Stadler Christopher Lambert Boyke Bunk Cathrin Spröer Christian Rückert jörn Kalinowski Russell jCox eric Kuhnert Center for Biotechnology(CeBiTec) Bielefeld UniversityUniversitätsstraße 2733615 BielefeldGermany Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research(HZI)and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigInhoffenstrasse 738124 BraunschweigGermany Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Inhoffenstraße 7B38124 BraunschweigGermany Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research(BMWZ) Institute for Organic ChemistryLeibniz University HannoverSchneiderberg 3830167 HannoverGermany

The Hypoxylaceae(Xylariales,Ascomycota)is a diverse family of mainly saprotrophic fungi,which commonly occur in angiosperm-dominated forests around the *** their importance in forest and plant ecology as well as a prolific source of secondary metabolites and enzymes,genome sequences of related taxa are scarce and usually derived from envi-ronmental *** address this lack of knowledge thirteen taxonomically well-defined representatives of the family and one member of the closely related Xylariaceae were genome sequenced using combinations of Illumina and Oxford nanopore technologies or PacBio *** workflow leads to high quality draft genome sequences with an average N50 of 3.0 Mbp.A backbone phylogenomic tree was calculated based on the amino acid sequences of 4912 core genes reflecting the current accepted taxonomic concept of the Hypoxylaceae.A Percentage of Conserved Proteins(POCP)analysis revealed that 70%of the proteins are conserved within the family,a value with potential application for the definition of family boundaries within the order ***,Hypomontagnella spongiphila is proposed as a new marine derived lineage of *** based on in-depth genomic comparison and morphological differences of the *** results showed that both species share 95%of their genes corresponding to more than 700 strain-specific *** difference is not reflected by standard taxonomic assessments(morphology of sexual and asexual morph,chemotaxonomy,phylogeny),preventing species delimitation based on traditional *** changes are likely to be the result of environmental adaptations and selective pressure,the driving force of *** data provide an important starting point for the establishment of a stable phylogeny of the Xylariales;they enable studies on evolution,ecological behavior and biosynthesis of natural products;and they significantly advance the taxonomy of fungi.

关键词： AAI ANI Cazyme Oxford nanopore Phylogenomics POCP Xylariales