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Disinfection byproducts in chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas: Role of brominated DBPs and association with mutagenicity

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 253-263页

作者： Hannah K.Liberatore eric j.Daiber Sridevi A.Ravuri judith E.Schmid Susan D.Richardson David M.DeMarini Air Methods and Characterization Division Center for Environmental Measurement and ModelingU.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Student Services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Although the health benefits of swimming are well-documented, health effects such as asthma and bladder cancer are linked to disinfection by-products(DBPs) in pool water. DBPs are formed from the reaction of disinfectants such as chlorine(Cl) or bromine(Br) with organics in the water. Our previous study(Daiber et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 6652;2016) found correlations between the concentrations of classes of DBPs and the mutagenic potencies of waters from chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas. We extended this study by identifying significantly different concentrations of 21 individual DBPs in brominated or chlorinated pool and spa waters as well as identifying which DBPs and additional DBP classes were most associated with the mutagenicity of these waters. Using data from our previous study, we found that among 21 DBPs analyzed in 21 pool and spa waters, the concentration of bromoacetic acid was significantly higher in Brwaters versus Cl-waters, whereas the concentration of trichloroacetic acid was significantly higher in Cl-waters. Five Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromochloroacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, bromoacetic acid, and tribromoacetic acid) had significantly higher concentrations in Br-spa versus Cl-spa waters. Cl-pools had significantly higher concentrations of ClDBPs(trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and chloroacetic acid), whereas Br-pools had significantly higher concentrations of Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromoacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, and tribromoacetic acid). The concentrations of the sum of all 4 trihalomethanes, all 11 Br-DBPs, and all 5 nitrogen-containing DBPs were each significantly higher in brominated than in chlorinated pools and spas. The 8 Br-DBPs were the only DBPs whose individual concentrations were significantly correlated with the mutagenic potencies of the pool and spa waters. These results, along with those from our earlier study, highlight the importance of Br-DBPs in the muta

关键词： Swimming pools Hot tubs Mutagenicity Disinfection byproducts Spas

The use of shared haplotype length information for pedigree reconstruction in asexually propagated outbreeding crops, demonstrated for apple and sweet cherry

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2785-2797页

作者： Nicholas P.Howard Cameron Peace Kevin A.T.Silverstein Ana Poets james j.Luby Stijn Vanderzande Charles-eric Durel Helene Muranty Caroline Denance eric van de Weg Institut fur Biologie und Umweltwissenschaften Carl von Ossietzky UniversityOldenburgGermany Department of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Washington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonWAUSA Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Universited’Angers Institut AgroINRAEIRHSSFR 4207 QuaSaVBeaucouzeFrance Plant Breeding Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands

Pedigree information is of fundamental importance in breeding programs and related genetics ***,many individuals have unknown *** methods to identify and confirm direct parent–offspring relationships are routine,those for other types of close relationships have yet to be effectively and widely implemented with plants,due to complications such as asexual propagation and extensive *** objective of this study was to develop and demonstrate methods that support complex pedigree reconstruction via the total length of identical by state haplotypes(referred to in this study as“summed potential lengths of shared haplotypes”,SPLoSH).A custom Python script,HapShared,was developed to generate SPLoSH data in apple and sweet *** was used to establish empirical distributions of SPLoSH data for known relationships in these *** distributions were then used to estimate previously unknown *** studies in each crop demonstrated various pedigree reconstruction scenarios using SPLoSH *** cherry,a full-sib relationship was deduced for‘Emperor Francis,and‘Schmidt’,a half-sib relationship for‘Van’and‘Windsor’,and the paternal grandparents of‘Stella’were *** apple,29 cultivars were found to share an unknown parent,the pedigree of the unknown parent of‘Cox’s Pomona’was reconstructed,and‘Fameuse’was deduced to be a likely grandparent of‘McIntosh’.Key genetic resources that enabled this empirical study were large genome-wide SNP array datasets,integrated genetic maps,and previously identified pedigree *** with similar resources are also expected to benefit from using HapShared for empowering pedigree reconstruction.

关键词： Python breeding crops

A New Eusauropod Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Guangxi Province,Southern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第6期84卷 1328-1335页

作者： MO jinyou XU Xing eric BUFFETAUT Faculty of Earth Sciences China University ofGeosciences Wuhan 430074 China Natural History Museum of Guangxi Nanning 530012 China Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Beijing 100044 China CNRS UMR 8538 Laboratoire de Geologie de l＇Ecole Normale Superieure 24 rue Lhomond 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France

A new sauropod dinosaur,Liubangosaurus hei *** ***.,is erected based on a specimen represented by five articulated middle-caudal dorsal vertebrae,which was discovered in the Lower Cretaceous Napai Formation of Guangxi Province,southern *** new taxon is diagnosed by a unique combination of derived features：prezygapophysis closely contacts with parapophysis,with the prdl and prpl absent;presence of cavity on the dorsal surface of the diapophysis;neural spine very low,with its distal end level with that of diapophysis;distal end of the neural spine strongly expanded laterally to form a platform;marked fossa formed between the infradiapophyseal lamina and the parapophysis;broad,flat area of featureless bone on lateral surface of neural arch;vertically directed infradiapophyseal lamina expands or bifurcates ventrally to form a inverted ＂Y＂;highly positioned parapophyses large and tear-drop in *** discovery of this new taxon increases the diversity of sauropods in China during the Early Cretaceous.

关键词： Eusauropoda Liubangosaurus hei Napai Formation Early Cretaceous Guangxi China

Solar aided power generation:A review

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Energy and Built Environment 2020年第1期1卷 11-26页

作者： jiyun Qin eric Hu Xiaohua Li China Institute of FTZ Supply Chain Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai 201306 China School of Mechanical Engineering the University of AdelaideSA 5005 Australia Department of Building Engineering Hunan Institute of Engineering411104 HunanChina

Solar Aided Power Generation(SAPG)is the most efficient and economic ways to hybridise solar thermal energy and a fossil fuel fired regenerative Rankine cycle(RRC)power plant for power generation *** such an SAPG plant,the solar thermal energy is used to displace the extraction steam by preheating the feedwater to the *** displaced/saved extraction steam can,therefore,expand further in the steam turbine to generate *** research and development of the SAPG technology started in the *** paper is trying to reviews and summarises the progress of research and development of the SAPG plant technology in last almost 30 or so years,including the technical and economic advantages of SAPG over other solar thermal power generation tech-nologies(*** alone power generation),various modelling techniques used to simulate SAPG perforamnce,impacts of SAPG plant’s configuration,size of solar field and strategies to adjust mass flow rate of extraction steam on the plant perforamnce,exergy analysis of SAPG plant and operation strategies to maximise plant’s economic returns *** addition,the directions for future R&D about SAPG technology have been pointed/proposed in this paper.

关键词： Solar thermal power system Hybrid power system Solar preheating Solar Aided Power Generation

Vegetative Proliferation and Secondary Proliferated Inflorescences Development in Grass

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第11期48卷 1306-1311页

作者： Guo-Hua Ma Xue-Lin Huang Bunn eric South China Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China College of Life Sciences Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China Kings Park and Botanic Garden West Perth WA 6005 Australia

We report the vegetative proliferation and new phenomenon of ＂secondary proliferated inflorescences＂ In the grass Ischaemum barbatum Retz, as determined by anatomical analysis of prepared sections of inflorescences. Leaves and shoots could be developed from the original splkelets of Inflorescences and plantlets developed when these shoots were transplanted to moist soil. ＂Secondary proliferated Inflorescences＂ is the first name here because some inflorescences that developed inadequacy are grown from the splkelet on the mother Inflorescence. Our investigation showed that this form of vegetative proliferation and secondary proliferated inflorescences development of L barbatum has arisen following late autumn fires of the previous year. It Is suggested that the sudden onset of a fire could lead to a hormone Imbalance or a chemical induction, which results in ephemeral vegetative proliferation even secondary proliferated inflorescences development in wild populations.

关键词： Ischaemum barbatum secondary proliferated inflorescence vegetative proliferation.

Practical Applications of Cosmology to Human Society

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Natural Science 2014年第10期6卷 767-796页

作者： eric j. Chaisson Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Harvard University Cambridge USA

Complex systems throughout Nature display structures and functions that are built and maintained, at least in part, by optimal energies flowing through them—not specific, ideal values, rather ranges in energy rate density below which systems are starved and above which systems are destroyed. Cosmic evolution, as a physical cosmology that notably includes life, is rich in empirical findings about many varied systems that can potentially help assess global problems facing us here on Earth. Despite its grand and ambitious objective to unify theoretical understanding of all known complex systems from big bang to humankind, cosmic evolution does have useful, practical applications from which humanity could benefit. Cosmic evolution’s emphasis on quantitative data analyses might well inform our attitudes toward several serious issues now challenging 21st-century society, including global warming, smart machines, world economics, and cancer research. This paper comprises one physicist’s conjectures about each of these applied topics, suggesting how energy-flow modeling can guide our search for viable solutions to real-world predicaments confronting civilization today.

关键词： Complexity Energy Evolution Climate Machines Economics Cancer

Assessing vulnerability to panic:a systematic review of psychological and physiological responses to biological challenges as prospective predictors of panic attacks and panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 297-303页

作者： Donald j Robinaugh Meredith j Ward Emma R Toner Mackenzie L Brown Olivia M Losiewicz eric Bui Scott P Orr Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Cognitive-behavioural theories of panic disorder posit that panic attacks arise from a positive feedback loop between arousal-related bodily sensations and perceived *** a recently develope computational model formalising these theories of pani attacks,it was observed that the response to a simulate perturbation to arousal provided a strong indicator of vulnerability to panic attacks and panic *** this/review,we evaluate whether this observation is borne o in the empirical literature that has examined responses biological challenge(eg,C02 inhalation)and their relatio to subsequent panic attacks and panic *** We searched PubMed,Web of Science and PsycINFO using keywords denoting provocation agents(eg,sodium lactate)and procedures(eg,infusion)combined with keywords relevant to panic disorder(eg,panic).Articles were eligible if they used response to a biologic challenge paradigm to prospectively predict panic attac or panic *** We identified four eligible *** effect sizes suggest that there is biological challenge response a moderate prospective association with subsequent pani attacks,but no prospective relationship with panic disorde Conclusions These findings provide support for the prediction derived from cognitive-behavioural theories an some preliminary evidence that response to a biological challenge may have clinical utility as a marker of vulnerab to panic attacks pending further research and developme Trial registration number 135908.

关键词： behaviour subsequent sizes

SEGMENTATION AND CORRELATION OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND X-RAY IMAGES FOR BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSTICS

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journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2013年第2期6卷 71-81页

作者： jONATHAN G.SUN STEVEN G.ADIE eric j.CHANEY STEPHEN A.BOPPART Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology 405 North Mathews Avenue UrbanaIllinois 61801USA Department of Bioengineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology 405 North Mathews Avenue UrbanaIllinois 61801USA Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Internal Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIllinoisUSA

Pre-operative X ray mammography and int raoperative X-ray specimen radiography are routinely used to identify breast cancer *** advances in optical coherence tomography(OCT)have enabled its 1use for the intraoperative assessment of surgical margins during breast cancer *** each modality offers distinct contrast of normal and pathological features,there is an essential need to correlate image based features between the two modalities to take adv antage of the diagnostic capabilities of each *** compare OCT to X-ray images of resected human breast tissue and correlate different tissue features between modalities for future use in real-tine intraoperative OCT imaging.X ray imaging(specimen radiography)is currently used during surgical breast cancer procedures to verify tumor margins,but cannot image tissue in *** has the potential to solve this problem by providing intrao-perative imaging of the resected specimen as well as the in situ tumor *** and micro-CT(X-ray)images are automatically segmented using different computational approaches,and quantitatively compared to determine the ability of these algorithms to automat ically differentiate regions of adipose tissue from ***,two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)results are *** correlations,combined with real-time intraoperative OCT,have the potential to identify possible regions of tumor within breast tissue which correlate to tumor regions identified previously on X-ray imaging(mammography or specimen radiography).

关键词： Optical imaging mammography specimen radiography segmentation breast cancer intraoperative imaging

Aphidophagous guilds on nettle （Urtica dioica） strips close to fields of green pea, rape and wheat

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Insect Science 2007年第5期14卷 419-424页

作者： AMMAR ALHMEDI eric HAUBRUGE BERNARD BODSON FREDeric FRANCIS Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Experimental Farm Gembloux Agricultural University Gembloux Belgium

The common nettle （Urtica dioica L.） is a perennial and cosmopolitan plant species and is known to be the source of food for a great diversity of insects. To understand the importance of the nettle in agro-ecosystems, a field experiment was carried out in an experimental farm at Gembloux （Belgium） to study the effect of nettle margin strips on aphid and aphidophagous populations in close field crops, namely wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, green pea （Pisum sativum L.） and rape （Brassicae napus L.）. The aphids and related beneficial populations were weekly assessed, from March to August 2005, by visual observations in two plots per field crop. A higher abundance of aphidophagous beneficials was collected in nettle strips when compared to the field crops. Particularly, the presence of predatory anthocorids, mirids and green lacewings was observed on nettle only. Nevertheless, the most abundant aphid predatory family, the Coccinellidae, was distributed in both environments, in nettle strips and in crop fields. The field margin supported a significantly higher density ofHarmonia axyridis than the field crops. In contrast, the field crops, green pea particularly, supported a higher density of Coccinella septempunctata. The distribution of the aphidophagous species, mainly the ladybirds, was discussed in relation to the host plant and related aphid species and their potential effect on integrated pest management.

关键词： Aphidophagous ladybirds beneficials insect diversity nettle wheat greenpea rape margin strips integrated pest management Microlophium camosum Acyrthosiphonpisum Sitobion avenae