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Frontiers of Medicine 2013年第4期7卷 520-522页

作者： eric c.h.lai Department of Surgery Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalChai WanHong KongChina

I read with great interest the consensus and guideline of laparoscopic hepatectomy,which was originated from the experts in china[1].This is a significant step forward in minimally invasive liver *** development of minimally invasive liver surgery over the last 2 decades has a great impact on the surgical practice in china,and the other parts of the *** potential advantages of laparoscopic hepatectomy are those of minimal access surgery(Table 1).

关键词： Surgery hepatectomy surgery

Development and controversies of adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第2期7卷 121-125页

作者： Wan-Yee Lau eric c.h.lai Faculty of Medicine the Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin New TerritoriesHong Kong SAR China

BAcKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Radical surgery provides the only chance for a cure with a 5-year survival rate of 7%-25%. An effective adjuvant therapy is urgently needed to improve the surgical outcome. This review describes the current status of adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer, and highlights its controversies. DATA SOURcES: A Medline database search was performed to identify relevant articles using the keywords 'pancreatic neoplasm', and 'adjuvant therapy'. Additional papers were identified by a manual search of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: Eight prospective randomized controlled trials (RcTs) on the use of adjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation for pancreatic cancer could be identified. The results for adjuvant regimens based on systemic 5-fluorouracil with or without external radiotherapy were conflicting. The recent two RcTs on gemcitabine based regimen gave promising results. cONcLUSIONS: Based on the available data, no standard adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer can be established yet. The best adjuvant regimen remains to be determined in large-scale RcTs. Future trials should use a gemcitabine based regimen.

关键词： pancreatic neoplasm pancreatectomy adjuvant therapy radiotherapy chemotherapy

classification of iatrogenic bile duct injury

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2007年第5期6卷 459-463页

作者： Wan-Yee Lau eric c.h.lai Department of Surgery the Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

BAcKGROUND: Iatrogenic bile duct injury continues to be an important clinical problem, resulting in serious morbidity, and occasional mortality, to patients. The ease of management, operative risk, and outcome of bile duct injuries vary considerably, and are highly dependent on the type of injury and its location. This article reviews the various classification systems of bile duct injury. DATA SOURcES: A Medline, PubMed database search was performed to identify relevant articles using the keywords 'bile duct injury', 'cholecystectomy', and 'classification'. Additional papers were identified by a manual search of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: Traditionally, biliary injuries have been classified using the Bismuth's classification. This classification, which originated from the era of open surgery, is intended to help the surgeons to choose the appropriate technique for the repair, and it has a good correlation with the final outcome after surgical repair. however, the Bismuth's classification does not encompass the whole spectrum of injuries that are possible. Bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy tends to be more severe than those with open cholecystectomy. Strasberg's classification made Bismuth's classification much more comprehensive by including various other types of extrahepatic bile duct injuries. Our group, Bergman et al, Neuhaus et al, csendes et al, and Stewart et al have also proposed other classification systems to complement the Bismuth's classification. cONcLUSIONS: None of the classification system is universally accepted as each has its own limitation. hopefully, a universally accepted comprehensive classification system will be published in the near future.

关键词： laparoscopic cholecystectomy bile duct injury bile duct stricture bile leak classification

Methods of vascular control technique during liver resection:a comprehensive review

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第5期9卷 473-481页

作者： Wan-Yee Lau eric c.h.lai Stephanie h.Y.Lau Faculty of Medicine the Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

BAcKGROUND: Significant hemorrhage together with blood transfusion increases postoperative morbidity and mortality of hepatic resection. hepatic vascular occlusion is effective in minimizing bleeding during hepatic parenchymal transection. This article aimed to review the current role and status of various techniques of hepatic vascular occlusion during hepatic resection. DATA SOURcES: The relevant manuscripts were identified by searching MEDLINE, and PubMed for articles published between January 1980 and April 2010 using the keywords 'vascular control', 'vascular clamping', 'vascular exclusion' and 'hepatectomy'. Additional papers were identified by a manual search of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: One randomized controlled trial (RcT) and 5 RcTs showed intermittent Pringle maneuver and ischemic preconditioning followed by continuous Pringle maneuver were superior to continuous Pringle maneuver alone, respectively. Two RcTs compared the outcomes of hepatectomy with and without intermittent Pringle maneuver. One showed Pringle maneuver to be beneficial, while the other failed to show any benefit. One RcT showed that ischemic preconditioning had significantly less blood loss than using intermittent Pringle maneuver. Four RcTs evaluated the use of hemihepatic vascular occlusion. One RcT showed it had significantly less blood loss than Pringle maneuver, while the other 3 showed no significant difference. Only 1 RcT showed it had significantly less liver ischemic injury. No RcT had been carried out to assess segmental vascular occlusion. Two RcTs compared the outcomes of total hepatic vascular exclusion (ThVE) and Pringle maneuver. One RcT showed ThVE resulted in similar blood loss, but a higher postoperative complication. The other RcT showed less blood loss using ThVE but the postoperative complication rate was similar. Both studies showed similar degree of liver ischemic injury. Only one RcT showed that selective hepatic vascular exclusion (ShVE) had

关键词： vascular control vascular exclusion hepatectomy liver neoplasm Pringle maneuver

The current role of neoadjuvant/adjuvant/chemoprevention therapy in partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma:a systematic review

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第2期8卷 124-133页

作者： Wan-Yee Lau eric c.h.lai Stephanie h.Y.Lau State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine

BAcKGROUND: Following curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), 50%-90% of postoperative death is due to recurrent disease. Intra-hepatic recurrence is frequently the only site of recurrence. Thus, any neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy, which can decrease or delay the incidence of intra-hepatic recurrence, or any cancer chemoprevention which can prevent a new hcc from developing in the liver remnant, will improve the results of liver resection. This article systematically reviewed the current evidence of neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and chemoprevention in partial hepatectomy of hcc. DATA SOURcES: Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and PubMed databases for articles from January 1990 to November 2008 using the keywords 'hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatectomy', 'adjuvant therapy', 'neoadjuvant therapy', and 'regional therapy'. Additional papers and book chapters were identified by a manual search of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: Neoadjuvant transarterial chemoembolization or adjuvant regional transarterial chemotherapy embolization+systemic chemotherapy did not add benefit. Both adjuvant transarterial radioembolization with (131)I-lipiodol and adjuvant systemic interferon showed promising results. however, there were only a limited number of such studies. cONcLUSIONS: Further randomized controlled studies need to be carried out. currently, there is no consensus on a standard neoadjuvant/adjuvant/chemoprevention therapy in partial hepatectomy for hcc.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma hepatectomy adjuvant therapy neoadjuvant therapy therapeutic embolization

Loco-regional intervention for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2019年第2期2卷 43-46页

作者： Wan Yee Lau eric c.h.lai Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Anatomic location/size and number of lesions,inadequate volume of future liver remnant,or poor coexisting premorbid conditions preclude surgery in the majority of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(hcc).Liver transplantation can cure some patients with poor liver function,but few patients are eligible because of scarcity of *** specific anti-cancer treatment,the prognosis of hcc is *** locoregional therapies are used to treat patients who are not candidates for surgery,and have emerged as tools for palliation,tumor downstaging,and bridging therapy prior to liver ***,local ablative therapy even competes with partial hepatectomy and liver transplantation as a primary treatment for small *** is well suited to treatment with loco-regional therapy because it has a tendency to stay within the liver,with distant metastasis generally occurring late in the course of *** suggests that an effective local-regional therapy can have a great impact on hcc patients who are not candidates for surgical ***-regional therapy can further be justified because patients with hcc usually die of liver failure consequent to intrahepatic growth resulting in liver tissue destruction,rather than extrahepatic metastases.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma hepatectomy Loco-regional therapy TAcE Local ablation

Robotic hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a clinical review

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hepatoma Research 2017年第11期3卷 278-283页

作者： eric c.h.lai Daniel T.M.chung Oliver c.Y.chan chung Ngai Tang Department of Surgery Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalChai WanHong KongChina

The robotic surgical system was developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional laparoscopic surgery. The use of robots in liver surgery was not well evaluated. This article aimed at reviewing robotic partial hepatectomy to conventional laparoscopic or open partial hepatectomy in terms of perioperative, oncologic, and healthcare costs for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and PubMed databases for articles from January 2004 to June 2017 using the keywords 'laparoscopic hepatectomy', 'robotic surgery','robotic hepatectomy', and 'hepatocellular carcinoma'. case reports were not included. The open conversion rate, overall morbidity rate, and mortality rate of robotic partial hepatectomy were reported as 0-14.3%, 0-27%, and 0-3%, respectively. Although little data regarding robotic approach for hcc have been reported, it appears to be better than open approach, particularly blood loss and hospital stay, and similar to conventional laparoscopic approach in terms of short term outcomes. The oncological outcomes were comparable to open or laparoscopic approach. Well-known advantages of the robotic system allow resection of tumor location over posterior and superior segments or major hepatectomy with more ease. The main disadvantage of robotic approach was its high cost. In conclusion, oncological data from homogenous series of hcc after robotic partial hepatectomy was needed. Robotic approach was safe to be an alternative option of *** that it can provide over open or conventional laparoscopy approach.

关键词： Laparoscopy hepatectomy robotic surgery hepatocellular carcinoma

Will artificial intelligence widen the therapeutic gap between children and adults?

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第1期8卷 1-6页

作者： Matthew Nagy Bryan Sisk Albert lai eric Kodish cleveland clinic Lerner college of Medicine Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of Hematology/OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMissouriUSA Department of Medicine Bioethics Research CenterWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMissouriUSA Institute for Informatics Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMissouriUSA Department of Pediatric hematology Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation Cleveland Clinic Children’sClevelandOhioUSA

The impending rise of artificial intelligence(AI)-powered healthcare offers exciting hope for improved care and outcomes in children with serious illnesses.1 The historical precedent in healthcare,however,suggests that advancements in adult care do not necessarily result in proportional progress in *** disparity was first noted in the mid-20th century when tragedies that involved drugs with well-studied and known adult safety profiles,such as sulfonamide elixir and thalidomide,resulted in harm to children due to limited pediatric clinical trial inclusion.2 As a result,legislation in 1962 required drug companies to include package labels that restricted or dissuaded the use of medications in children that were not properly studied in this population.2 Subsequently,physicians became reluctant to prescribe many medications,and pharmaceutical companies had little incentive to enroll children in trials as an unfavorable result could negatively impact sales in the adult market,and a successful outcome would only marginally increase the market pool.3 This lack of access led *** Shirkey to describe children as"therapeutic orphans"in 1968.2 After more than half a century of legislation aimed at increasing pediatric representation in research and drug development(Figure 1),enrollment of children in clinical trials remains disproportionately low,4 with children included in as few as 12%of trials for diseases with a burden equal to,or greater in,the pediatric versus adult population.

关键词： companies Figure properly

Larval development and voracity of Eupeodes americanus (Diptera: Syrphidae): comparison of the focal prey Aphis gossypi (hemiptera: Aphididae) and the banker prey Rhopalosiphum padi (hemiptera: Aphididae)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 575-586页

作者： Arlette Fauteux Antonio Onofre Soares eric Lucas Laboratoire de lutte biologique Departement des sciences biologiquesUniversite du Quebec a Montreal(UQAM)MontrealQuebecCanada Faculty of Science and Technology center for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesAzorean Biodiversity Group(cE3c-ABG)&CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstitutePonta DelgadaPortugal

Unlike European species,the potential of Nearctic syrphids as biological control agents is still poorly ***,the American hoverfly,Eupeodes americanus(Wiedemann),has recently demonstrated promising traits as a biocontrol agent,notably against the foxglove aphid,Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach,on *** present study aims to extend our knowledge of the American hoverfly by evaluating its potential as a biocontrol agent in a banker plant system against the melon aphid,Aphis gossypi Glover,in a greenhouse cucumber *** preimaginal development and voracity of *** were compared when preying upon the focal prey/pest(***)or the banker prey(bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi L.)by daily observations of larvae from egg to *** development time,survival rate,and occurrence of deformation were similar on both prey *** weight of third instar and pupae,however,was higher for larvae that fed on the banker *** ad libitum voracity of the syrphid larvae was generally very high and did not significantly differ between prey species,except for the third-instar larvae which consumed more focal *** suggest that a banker plant system involving the bird cherry-oat aphid may be a promising tactic for utilizing *** for melon aphid biocontrol.

关键词： american hoverfly banker plant system biological control bird cherry-oat aphid greenhouse cucumber melon aphid

Foam rolling and stretching do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any other warm-up intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 509-520页

作者： Konstantin Warneke Gerit Plöschberger Lars h.Lohmann eric Lichtenstein Daniel Jochum Stanislav D.Siegel Astrid Zech David G.Behm Institute of Sport Science University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Wörthersee 9020Austria Department of human Motion Science and Exercise Physiology Friedrich Schiller UniversityJena 07749Germany Department Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Department of health Sciences and Technology ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland School of human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.JohnsNL A1C 5S7Canada

Background:Acute improvement in range of motion(ROM)is a widely reported effect of stretching and foam rolling,which is commonly explained by changes in pain threshold and/or musculotendinous ***,these effects were also reported in response to various other active and passive interventions that induce responses such as enhanced muscle ***,we hypothesized that acute ROM enhancements could be induced by a wide variety of interventions other than stretching or foam rolling that promote an increase in muscle ***:After a systematic search in PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus databases,38 studies comparing the effects of stretching and foam rolling with several other interventions on ROM and passive properties were *** studies had 1134 participants in total,and the data analysis resulted in 140 effect sizes(ESs).ES calculations were performed using robust variance estimation model with ***:Study quality of the included studies was classified as fair(PEDro score=4.58)with low to moderate certainty of *** showed no significant differences in ROM(ES=0.01,p=0.88),stiffness(ES=0.09,p=0.67),or passive peak torque(ES=-0.30,p=0.14)between stretching or foam rolling and the other identified *** plots revealed no publication ***:Based on current literature,our results challenge the established view on stretching and foam rolling as a recommended component of warm-up *** lack of significant difference between interventions suggests there is no need to emphasize stretching or foam rolling to induce acute ROM,passive peak torque increases,or stiffness reductions.

关键词： Range of motion Passive properties Muscletendon unit Muscle tissue