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Male Burmese pythons follow female scent trails and show sex-specific behaviors

Integrative Zoology 2019年第5期14卷 460-469页

作者： Shannon A.RICHARD eric A.TILLMAN John S.HuMPHREY Michael L.AVERY M.Rockwell PARKER Department of Biology James Madison UniversityHarrisonburgVirginiaUSA National Wildlife Research Center Florida Field StationU.S.Department of AgricultureGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Animals communicate with potential mates using species-specific signals,and pheromones are powerful sexual signals that modify conspecific behavior to facilitate mate *** the vertebrates,snakes are especially adept in mate searching via chemical trailing,which is particularly relevant given that many snake species are invasive outside their native *** signals used in mate choice are,thus,potentially valuable tools for management of invasive snake *** Burmese python(Python bivittatus)is an invasive snake in the Florida Everglades where it is negatively impacting native *** this study,we sought to:(i)determine if males can follow conspecific chemical trails in a Y-maze;and(ii)describe the mate searching behaviors exhibited by males while *** males consistently followed a single female scent trail in the maze,but when only a male scent trail was present they did not discriminate between the male and blank *** of tongue-flicking,a proxy for chemosensory sampling,was also marginally higher when males were following female versus male scent ***,when both female and male scent trails were simultaneously present in the Y-maze,males did not show a preference for the female arm,although the tongue-flick rate was higher in the female-only trial compared to female versus *** of multiple male behaviors individually and using an ethogram revealed that behaviors were more frequent and complex in the female-only trials compared to male-only *** behavioral trials are needed to determine if an effective pheromonal approach to Burmese python management is possible.

关键词： chemical ecology invasive species pheromone snake trailing

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Heterostructure engineering in electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries:Recent progress and perspectives

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eScience 2023年第5期3卷 1-11页

作者： eric Gabriel Chunrong Ma Kincaid Graff Angel Conrado Dewen Hou Hui Xiong Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering Boise State UniversityBoiseID83725USA X-ray Sciences Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA College of Textiles&Clothing Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA Center for Advanced Energy Studies Idaho FallsID83401USA

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have stepped into the spotlight as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage ***,SIB electrode materials,in general,have inferior performance than their lithium counterparts because Nat is larger and heavier than *** engineering is a promising strategy to overcome this intrinsic limitation and achieve practical *** provide a brief review of recent progress in heterostructure engineering of electrode materials and research on how the phase interface influences Nat storage and transport *** strategies for the design and fabrication of heterostructures(in situ methods)are discussed,with a focus on the heterostructure formation *** heterostructure's influence on Nat storage and transport properties arises primarily from local distortions of the structure and chemomechanical coupling at the phase interface,which may accelerate ion/electron diffusion,create additional active sites,and bolster structural ***,we offer our perspectives on the existing challenges,knowledge gaps,and opportunities for the advancement of heterostructure engineering as a means to develop practical,highperformance sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Heterostructure Sodium-ion batteries Electrode materials Heterogeneous materials Interface engineering Intergrowth

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Where Does *** Go From Here? Democratic control of Congress may mean a more diplomatic approach to international affairs and less pursuit of free trade

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Beijing Review 2006年第46期49卷 12-13页

作者： eric PFEIGGER the national political reporter for the Washington Times

Now that Democrats have won con- tr ol of the u.S . Congress for the fir st time since 1994, it is exp e c t - ed that there will be signific a n t cha n g es in Americ a ’ s diplomati cand trade policies. Critics of... 详细信息

关键词： Where Does u.S.Policy Go From Here

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Distinctive serotypes of SARS-related coronaviruses defined by convalescent sera from unvaccinated individuals

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hLife 2023年第1期1卷 26-34页

作者： Chee Wah Tan Feng Zhu Wan Ni Chia #Barnaby EYoung Aileen Ying Yan Yeoh Thomas Althaus Chee Fu Yung Wee Chee Yap Beng Lee Lim Mark I-C Chen Jinyan Zhang Yun Yan Mah eric Voiglio Alex Sigal Jianxin Huo Shengli Xu.yee Joo Tan Kong-Peng Lam David Lye Lin-Fa Wang Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore National Center of Infectious Diseases Singapore Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technology UniversitySingapore Centre Scientifique de Monaco Monaco Direction de I’Action Sanitaire de Monaco Monaco Infectious Disease Service Department of PediatricsKK Women’s and Children’s HospitalSingapore Duke-NuS Medical School Singapore African Health Research Institute DurbanSouth Africa Singapore Immunology Network Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchSingapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme National University of SingaporeSingapore 14School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Singhealth Duke-NuS Global Health Institute Singapore

Multiple Omicron sub-lineages have emerged,with Omicron XBB and XBB.1.5 subvariants becoming the dominant variants globally at the time of this *** key feature of new variants is their ability to escape humoral immunity despite the fact that there are limited genetic changes from their preceding *** raises the question of whether Omicron should be regarded as a separate serotype from viruses serologically clustered with the ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)***,we present cross-neutralization data based on a pseudovirus neutralization test using convalescent sera from naïve individuals who had recovered from primary infection by SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 strains/variants including the ancestral virus and variants Beta,Delta,Omicron BA.1,Omicron BA.2 and Omicron *** results revealed no significant cross-neutralization in any of the three-way testing for SARS-CoV-1,ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron *** data argue for the assignment of three distinct serotypes for the currently known human-infecting SARS-related coronaviruses.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-1 serotype Omicron primary infection convalescent sera

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The Science of Happiness

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Beijing Review 2014年第13期57卷 44-45页

作者： eric Daly A maverick Chinese psychologist and his u.S.colleague discuss how to make China happier

In the introduction to his 2004 book The Geography of Thought：How Asians and Westerners Think Differently…and Why,*** psychologist Richard *** describes how a＂brilliant young student＂from China prompted him to switch his focus to cultural psychology with the statement：＂you know,the difference between you and me is that I think the world is a circle and you think it＇s a line.＂

关键词：科学文化心理心理学家西方人东方人

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Belzutifan for Renal Cell Carcinoma in von Hippel-Lindau Disease

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第10期43卷 1828-1828页

作者： eric Jonasch From the university of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston (E.J.) Aarhus university Hospital Aarhus Denmark (F.D.) Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School Boston (O.I.) Vanderbilt university Medical Center Nashville (W.K.R.) university of Pennsylvania Philadelphia (V.K.N.) the university of utah Salt Lake City (B.L.M.) Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou University of Paris Paris (S.O.) the university of Michigan Ann Arbor (T.E.) the university of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh (J.K.M.) Cambridge university Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge United Kingdom (S.J.W.) Merck Kenilworth NJ (S.T. E.K.P. R.F.P.) and the Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD (W.M.L. R.S.).

Background:Patients with von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)disease have a high incidence of renal cell carcinoma owing to VHL gene inactivation and constitutive activation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 2α(HIF-2α).Methods:In this phase 2,open-label,single-group trial,we investigated the efficacy and safety of the HIF-2αinhibitor belzutifan(MK-6482,previously called PT2977),administered orally at a dose of 120 mg daily,in patients with renal cell carcinoma associated with VHL *** primary end point was objective response(complete or partial response)as measured according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors,version 1.1,by an independent central radiology review *** also assessed responses to belzutifan in patients with non-renal cell carcinoma neoplasms and the safety of belzutifan.

关键词： Carcinoma neoplasms Lindau

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using u-Net to Detect Buildings in Satellite Images

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第6期10卷 132-138页

作者： eric Wang Dali Wang Department of Computer Science Stanford University Stanford USA Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA

This report presented a method that uses deep computing and stochastic gradient descent algorithm to automatically detect building from satellite images. In this method, a convolutional neural network architecture called u-Net was trained to highlight the building pixels from the rest of the image. This method applied a binary cross-entropy loss function, used ADAM algorithm for gradient descent optimization, and adopted interaction-over-union for accuracy measurement. Continuous loss decreases and accuracy increases were observed during the training and validation. Finally, the visualization of the predicted masks from the trained model after 20 epochs proved that the u-Net model delivers over 60% Intersection over union accuracy results for detecting buildings from satellite images.

关键词： u-Net Satellite Images Computer Vision Object Detection

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Effectiveness of measures aiming to stabilize urban gullies in tropical cities:Results from field surveys across ***

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第1期11卷 14-29页

作者： eric Lutete Landu Guy Ilombe Mawe Fils Makanzu Imwangana Charles Bielders Olivier Dewitte Jean Poesen Aurélia Hubert Matthias Vanmaercke Department of Geography(u.R.SPHERES) University of LiegeClos Mercator 34000LiègeBelgium Department of Geoscience University of KinshasaKinshasa Mont-AmbaCongo Department of Natural resources management University of KinshasaKinshasa Mont-AmbaD.R Congo Department of Geology Oficial University of de BukavuCongo Geomorphology and Remote Sensing Laboratory Center for Geological and Mining ResearchCongo Earth and Life Institute-Environmental Sciences Universite catholique de LouvainCroix du sud 2L7.05.021348Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Royal Museum for Central Africa Leuvensesteenweg 13B-3080TervurenBelgium Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenCelestijnenlan 200E3001HeverleeBelgium Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences Maria-Curie Sklodowska University(UMCS)Krasnicka 2D20-718LublinPoland

urban gullies are a rapidly growing concern in many tropical cities of the Global *** measures are already implemented for their ***,an overview of these measures and their overall effectivenesss is currently *** aim at addressing this gap by documenting existing ini-tiatives to stabilize urban gullies in *** and assessing their overall *** this end we conducted extensive field campaigns in Kinshasa,Kikwit and Bukavu and combined our terrain obser-vations with data on gully expansion rates(derived from series of satellite imagery).In total,we char-acterized present and past stabilization initiatives for 398 urban *** 69 of these gullies,the effect of a specific measure on gully expansion rates could be *** show that for the large ma-jority of gullies,various measures have been ***,these are mainly ad-hoc measures installed by the affected *** structural measures based on larger engineering works were observed for only 20-30%of *** huge efforts invested in the installation of measures strongly contrast with their overall low impact Among all strategies,only the deviation of runoff resulted in significantly lower expansion rates after *** numerous initiatives that rely on the sparse means available seem to have limited *** does not imply,however,that they are completely ineffective and should be *** on our findings,we formulate recommendations for further research on how to effectively prevent and stabilize urban gullies,taking into account the difficult environmental and socio-economic context.

关键词： Gully expansion rate Head and channel measures Catchment measures Global South urban hazard

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Disinfection byproducts in chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas: Role of brominated DBPs and association with mutagenicity

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 253-263页

作者： Hannah K.Liberatore eric J.Daiber Sridevi A.Ravuri Judith E.Schmid Susan D.Richardson David M.DeMarini Air Methods and Characterization Division Center for Environmental Measurement and ModelingU.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Student Services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Although the health benefits of swimming are well-documented, health effects such as asthma and bladder cancer are linked to disinfection by-products(DBPs) in pool water. DBPs are formed from the reaction of disinfectants such as chlorine(Cl) or bromine(Br) with organics in the water. Our previous study(Daiber et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 6652;2016) found correlations between the concentrations of classes of DBPs and the mutagenic potencies of waters from chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas. We extended this study by identifying significantly different concentrations of 21 individual DBPs in brominated or chlorinated pool and spa waters as well as identifying which DBPs and additional DBP classes were most associated with the mutagenicity of these waters. using data from our previous study, we found that among 21 DBPs analyzed in 21 pool and spa waters, the concentration of bromoacetic acid was significantly higher in Brwaters versus Cl-waters, whereas the concentration of trichloroacetic acid was significantly higher in Cl-waters. Five Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromochloroacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, bromoacetic acid, and tribromoacetic acid) had significantly higher concentrations in Br-spa versus Cl-spa waters. Cl-pools had significantly higher concentrations of ClDBPs(trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and chloroacetic acid), whereas Br-pools had significantly higher concentrations of Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromoacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, and tribromoacetic acid). The concentrations of the sum of all 4 trihalomethanes, all 11 Br-DBPs, and all 5 nitrogen-containing DBPs were each significantly higher in brominated than in chlorinated pools and spas. The 8 Br-DBPs were the only DBPs whose individual concentrations were significantly correlated with the mutagenic potencies of the pool and spa waters. These results, along with those from our earlier study, highlight the importance of Br-DBPs in the muta

关键词： Swimming pools Hot tubs Mutagenicity Disinfection byproducts Spas

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Factors associated with 5-year survival of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 1020-1030页

作者： Tomoki Sempokuya eric A Wien Robert J Pattison Jihyun Ma Linda L Wong Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Medicine John A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96813United States Department of Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Department of Surgery John A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96817United States

BACKGROuND Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma(HCC/CC)is a rare primary hepatic malignancy which carries a poor prognosis due to its aggressive *** centers have enough cases to draw definitive conclusions and there is limited understanding of *** the rarity of HCC/CC,an analysis of large national cancer database was needed to obtain larger number of HCC/CC *** To identify associated factors for 5-year survival of HCC/*** We conducted a retrospective study of The Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database obtained from SEER*Stat 8.3.6 *** defined histology code 8180 for the International Classification of Disease for Oncology,3rd edition was used to identify HCC/CC cases from 2004 to *** collected demographics,American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)stage,treatment,tumor size,and survival *** data were converted to categorical *** Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to assess normal ***-Whitney u test was used to compare continuous variables without normal distribution,and t-test was used to compare continuous variables with a normal *** Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyzed 5-year *** and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with 5-year *** Cox proportional hazard regression was done on 5-year *** defined Pution was:276(55.5%)white,53(10.7%)black,84(16.9%)Asian and Pacific Islander(API),77(15.5%)Hispanic,and 7(1.4%)others or *** I/II disease occurred in 41.5%and tumor sizeur(4.8%)received locoregional therapy(LRT),119(23.9%)underwent resection,and 50(10.1%)underwent liver *** overall median survival was 6 mo[Interquartile range(I

关键词： Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database Survival Race Hepatobiliary cancer Transplant

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