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Hydro Science & Marine Engineering 2021年第2期3卷 10-17页

作者： Femi.Cocker eric a.alamou Bernadin M.Elegbede Ismaïla I.Toko Laboratory of Hydraulics and Environmental Modelling(HydroModE-Lab) University of ParakouHead of Water Department of OuemeBenin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology(LHA) Head of School of Building and Road Sciences National University of ScienceTechnologyEngineering and MathematicsUniversity of AbomeyBenin National Water Institute Head of Water and Sanitation Engineering DepartmentUniversity of Abomey-CalaviBenin Department of Geography and Regional Planning Head of Cartography Laboratory‘LaCarto’University of Abomey-CalaviBenin

This study is based on the hypothesis that the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management(IWRM)tools in the Oueme watershed has not led to a systematic improvement in the degree of IWRM implementation in the Oueme Valley in ***,data were collected through a semi-structured survey of stakeholder families in the study area using snowball *** tool used was the form developed by the United Nations to collect data to assess the level of IWRM *** four(4)assessment criteria,each covering a key component of IWRM,are the enabling environment,institutions and participation,management tools and *** results obtained per criteria according to the stepwise methodology adopted reveal on average a degree of implementation of 40 on a scale of 0 to 100 in the Oueme *** value varies according to the geographical area and the factors *** study,which is a decision-making tool,provides a guide for governments to monitor the progress of integrated water resources management in their territory.

关键词： Decision tool IWRM level Medium Low Oueme bassin

Extreme Temperature Trends in the Beninese Niger River Basin (Benin)

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American Journal of Climate Change 2021年第4期10卷 371-385页

作者： Yarou Halissou alamou Adéchina eric Obada Ezéchiel Biao Ibukun Eliézer Chaire Internationale de Physique Mathématique et Application (CIPMA—CHAIRE UNESCO) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Benin Laboratoire de Géoscience de l’Environnement et Application (LaGEA/UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Travaux Publics (ENSTP) Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Génie Mathématique et Modélisation Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin

In the context of climate change, the study of the variability of the climatic extremes in several regions of the world is of capital importance. This study has as main objective to analyze the variability of extreme temperature events in the Beninese basin of the Niger River for the recent and the near future. To achieve this objective, seven (07) extreme temperature indices based on historical daily temperature observations (1976 to 2019) and REMO RCM simulation outputs of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios (2021-2050) were calculated. The obtained results were represented by calculating the means for each index and analyzing the trends and their significance by the Mann-Kendall method. The results show that the indices of extreme temperature intensity (TNn, TXx, and DTR), and those related to the frequency of warm sequences (WSDI, TN90p and TX90p) have experienced a significant increase in the past. This increase will continue until 2050. In contrast, the cold sequence frequency index (CSDI) decrease over the historical period as well as over the future period. These indices show much more change with the RCP8.5 scenario than with the RCP4.5 of the REMO climate model. Only the TXx and CSDI indices show statistically significant changes at all stations.

关键词： Temperatures Extreme Climatic Variations Beninese Niger River Basin

High efficiency GHz laser processing with long bursts

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2023年第1期5卷 202-210页

作者： eric Audouard eric Mottay Amplitude PessacFrance

Bursts of GHz repetition rate pulses involve more ablation mechanisms than single femtosecond *** ablation by GHz laser pulses is a multi-step process,consisting of a first thermal incubation phase,followed by a highly efficient ablation *** ablation therefore combines thermal and non-thermal ablation *** an optimal choice of the burst duration,the ablation efficiency can be highly *** bursts,comprising tens of pulses to hundreds of pulses,are needed to take full advantage of the increase in ablation efficiency.

关键词： femtosecond laser temporal pulses shaping GHz bursts femtosecond processing

Comparison of Two Recurrent Neural Networks for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling in the Zou River Basin at Atchérigbé (Bénin)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第9期12卷 167-181页

作者： Iboukoun Eliézer Biao Oscar Houessou Pierre Jérôme Zohou Adéchina eric alamou National School of Mathematical Engineering and Modeling National University of Sciences Technology Engineering and Mathematics Abomey Benin LaGEA National School of Public Works National University of Sciences Technology Engineering and Mathematics Abomey Benin International Chair of Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA-UNESCO Chair) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bnin

Hydrological models are developed to simulate river flows over a watershed for many practical applications in the field of water resource management. The present paper compares the performance of two recurrent neural networks for rainfall-runoff modeling in the Zou River basin at Atchérigbé outlet. To this end, we used daily precipitation data over the period 1988-2010 as input of the models, such as the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Recurrent Gate Networks (GRU) to simulate river discharge in the study area. The investigated models give good results in calibration (R2 = 0.888, NSE = 0.886, and RMSE = 0.42 for LSTM;R2 = 0.9, NSE = 0.9 and RMSE = 0.397 for GRU) and in validation (R2 = 0.865, NSE = 0.851, and RMSE = 0.329 for LSTM;R2 = 0.9, NSE = 0.865 and RMSE = 0.301 for GRU). This good performance of LSTM and GRU models confirms the importance of models based on machine learning in modeling hydrological phenomena for better decision-making.

关键词： Supervised Learning Modeling Zou Basin Long and Short-Term Memory Gated Recurrent Unit Hyperparameters Optimization

Assessment of Intra-Seasonal Variability and Trends of Precipitations in a Climate Change Framework in West Africa

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 150-171页

作者： Daniel Bio Tore Adechina eric alamou Ezéchiel Obada Eliezer Iboukoun Biao Esdras B. Josué Zandagba Laboratoire de Géosciences de l’Environnement et Applications Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) Institut National de l’Eau Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Godomey Benin école Nationale Supérieure des Travaux Publics (ENSTP/UNSTIM) Abomey Benin école Nationale Supérieure de Génie Mathématique et Modélisation (ENSGMM/UNSTIM) Abomey Benin

Climate change has led human beings to take an interest in the study of meteorological and climatic phenomena. In fact, the main impact of climate change on different sectors of society is caused by extreme events since the occurrence of extreme events leads to more impact related to change in mean climate. Unfortunately, the West African region is vulnerable to extreme rainfall impact because its economy is based on rain-fed agriculture. This study examined the seasonal variability of extreme rainfall in West Africa. Eight (8) climate indices were chosen from among the 27 defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test was used to assess the seasonal trends. The indices of the same types (frequency or intensity) were compared to assess the intra-seasonal variation of extreme precipitation. The results indicate that, regardless of the season, the Gulf of Guinea receives more rainfall than the Sahel. This phenomenon is due to the fact that the coastal part of West Africa is under the influence of evaporation which is observed at the Atlantic Ocean and during the monsoon, while the other part is dominated by the desert. Mann-Kendall’s test revealed upward and downward trends during each season. The increase in extreme rainfall trends in the number of consecutive dry days suggests that droughts, due to global warming, could be observed and could have severe consequences in terms of water availability, energy supply, agricultural yields and ecosystems in West Africa. In addition, it can lead to the loss of biodiversity and health issues. It is therefore essential for policymakers or decisions makers to determine strategies and mitigation measures against climate change and its impacts on populations.

关键词： Extreme Precipitation Indices Variability Trend Mann Kendall West Africa

Artificial urinary sphincter surgery in the special populations:neurological,revision,concurrent penile prosthesis and female stress urinary incontinence groups

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 45-50页

作者： eric Chung AndroUrology Centre BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia University of Queensland Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Macquarie University Hospital SydneyNSW 2109Australia

The artificial urinary sphincter(AUS)remains the standard of care in men with severe stress urinary incontinence(SUI)following prostate surgery and *** the current AUS provides an effective,safe,and durable treatment option,it is not without its limitations and complications,especially with regard to its utility in some“high-risk”*** article provides a critical review of relevant publications pertaining to AUS surgery in specific high-risk groups such as men with spinal cord injury,revision cases,concurrent penile prosthesis implant,and female *** discussion of each category includes a brief review of surgical challenge and a practical action-based set of *** increased understandings of the pathophysiology of various SUI cases coupled with effective therapeutic strategies to enhance AUS surgery continue to improve clinical outcomes of many patients with SUI.

关键词： artificial urinary sphincter female stress incontinence penile prosthesis implant revision surgery spinal cord injury urinary incontinence

Penile prosthesis implant in the special populations:diabetics,neurogenic conditions,fibrotic cases,concurrent urinary continence surgery,and salvage implants

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 39-44页

作者： eric Chung AndroUrology Centre BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia University of Queensland Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Macquarie University Hospital SydneyNSW 2109Australia

Penile prosthesis implant(PPI)remains an effective and safe treatment option for men with erectile dysfunction(ED).However,PPI surgery can be associated with a higher risk of complications in certain *** article provides a critical review of relevant publications pertaining to PPI in men with diabetes,significant corporal fibrosis,spinal cord injury,concurrent continence surgery,and complex salvage *** discussion of each category of special populations includes a brief review of the surgical challenges and a practical action-based set of *** specific patient populations posed considerable challenges in PPI surgery,strict pre-and postoperative management coupled with safe surgical practice is a prerequisite to achieving excellent clinical outcomes and high patient satisfaction rate.

关键词： continence surgery diabetes erectile dysfunction penile prosthesis implant Peyronie’s disease priapism salvage surgery spinal cord injury

Photocatalytic degradation of dye effluent by titanium dioxide pillar pellets in aqueous solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期16卷 375-379页

作者： eric Hu School of Engineering and Technology

Photocatalytic oxidation(PCO) process is an effective way to deal with organic pollutants in wastewater which could be difficult to be degraded by conventional biological treatment methods. Normally the TiO 2 powder in nanometre size range was directly used as photocatalyst for dye degradation in wastewater. However the titanium dioxide powder was arduous to be recovered from the solution after treatment. In this application, a new form of TiO 2(i. e. pillar pellets ranging from 2 5 to 5 3 mm long and with a diameter of 3 7 mm) was used and investigated for photocatalytic degradation of textile dye effluent. A test system was built with a flat plate reactor(FPR) and UV light source(blacklight and solar simulator as light source respectively) for investigating the effectiveness of the new form of TiO 2. It was found that the photocatalytic process under this configuration could efficiently remove colours from textile dyeing effluent. Comparing with the TiO 2 powder, the pellet was very easy to recovered from the treated solution and can be reused in multiple times without the significant change on the photocatalytic property. The results also showed that to achieve the same photocatalytic performance, the FPR area by pellets was about 91% smaller than required by TiO 2 powder. At least TiO 2 pellet could be used as an alternative form of photocatalyst in applications for textile effluent treatment process, also other wastewater treatment processes.

关键词： dyes degradation photocatalytic reactions TiO 2 catalyst

History and Projection of Hydrological Droughts in the Benin Basin of the Niger River (Benin)

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2022年第2期5卷 33-51页

作者： Yarou Halissou alamou Adéchina eric Biao Iboukoun Eliézer Obada Ezéchiel Tore Daniel Bio Afouda Abel International Chair of Mathematical Physics and Applications(ICMPA-UNESCO CHAIRE) University of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)CotonouBenin National School of Public Works(ENSTP) National University of SciencesTechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)AbomeyBenin National School of Mathematical Engineering and Modeling(ENSGMM) National University of SciencesTechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)AbomeyBenin Laboratory of Environmental Geoscience and Application(LaGEA/UNSTIM) Benin Applied Hydrology Laboratory(LHA) University of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)CotonouBP4521Benin West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) GRP Climate Change and Water ResourcesUniversity of Abomey-Calavi(UAC)Abomey-CalaviBP2008Benin

In the context of a changing climate,the Beninese Niger River basin has been the focus of several research studies for the quantification,planning,and modeling of water and related resources for sustainable *** research aims to characterize the historical(1976-2019)and projected(2021-2050)hydrological drought of the Beninese Niger River *** study used daily observations of rainfall,maximum and minimum temperatures,runoff rates and simulations of HIRHAM and REMO RCMs from fifteen(15)rainfall stations installed around the *** uses standardized streamflow indices(SDI)at 12-month and 36-month time *** results show that the calculated SDI indices show,on average,for all the model scenarios used,chronological trends of *** increases are not significant(are of the order of 0.00001 per year).The analysis of the SDI indices shows that,on average,the hydrological droughts in the Beninese basin of the Niger River will increase at 36 months and decrease at 12 months of the *** fact,these small variations of hydrological droughts will be accompanied by the increase of their duration and the decrease of their mag*** droughts detected in the Benin basin of the Niger River during the historical period will continue until 2050 in the same range but with more extended drought *** should be noted that most of the changes observed in the calculated and analyzed indices are not significant.

关键词： Hydrological Drought SDI Beninese Niger river basin

An Automatic Optimization Technique for the Calibration of a Physically Based Hydrological Rainfall-Runoff Model

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第3期9卷 1-20页

作者： Zohou Pierre Jérôme alamou Adéchina eric Obada Ezéchiel Biao Iboukoun Eliézer Eugène C. Ezin Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Bénin Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Informatiques et Applications (LRSIA) UAC Abomey-Calavi Bénin Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA) UAC Abomey-Calavi Bénin Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies Ingénierie et Mathématiques (UNSTIM) Abomey Bénin

Models are tools widely used in the prediction of hydrological phenomena. The present study aims to contribute to the implementation of an automatic optimization strategy of parameters for the calibration of a hydrological model based on the least action principle (HyMoLAP). The Downhill Simplex method is also known as the Nelder-Mead algorithm, which is a heuristic research method, is used to optimize the cost function on a given domain. The performance of the model is evaluated by the Nash Stucliffe Efficiency Index (NSE), the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), the coefficient of determination (R2), the Mean Absolute Error (MAE). A comparative estimation is conducted using the Nash-Sutcliffe Modeling Efficiency Index and the mean relative error to evaluate the performance of the optimization method. It appears that the variation in water balance parameter values is acceptable. The simulated optimization method appears to be the best in terms of lower variability of parameter values during successive tests. The quality of the parameter sets obtained is good enough to impact the performance of the objective functions in a minimum number of iterations. We have analyzed the algorithm from a technical point of view, and we have carried out an experimental comparison between specific factors such as the model structure and the parameter’s values. The results obtained confirm the quality of the model (NSE = 0.90 and 0.75 respectively in calibration and validation) and allow us to evaluate the efficiency of the Nelder-Mead algorithm in the automatic calibration of the HyMoLAP model. The developed hybrid automatic calibration approach is therefore one of the promising ways to reduce computational time in rainfall-runoff modeling.

关键词： Optimization HyMoLAP Automatic Calibration Validation Nelder-Mead Algorithm