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Dual color optogenetic control of neural populations using low-noise,multishank optoelectrodes

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 309-324页

作者： Komal Kampasi Daniel F.English John Seymour eran Stark Sam McKenzie Mihály Vöröslakos György Buzsáki Kensall D.Wise Euisik Yoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48105USA Center for Micro and Nanotechnology Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550USA NYU Neuroscience Institute School of MedicineEast River Science ParkAlexandria Center450 East 29th St9th FloorNew YorkNY 10016USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48105USA Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv University69978 Tel AvivIsrael Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv University69978 Tel AvivIsrael

Optogenetics allows for optical manipulation of neuronal activity and has been increasingly combined with intracellular and extracellular electrophysiological ***-identified classes of neurons are optically manipulated,though the versatility of optogenetics would be increased if independent control of distinct neural populations could be achieved on a sufficient spatial and temporal *** report a scalable multisite optoelectrode design that allows simultaneous optogenetic control of two spatially intermingled neuronal populations in *** describe the design,fabrication,and assembly of low-noise,multisite/multicolor *** shank of the four-shank assembly is monolithically integrated with 8 recording sites and a dualcolor waveguide mixer with a 7×30μm cross-section,coupled to 405 nm and 635 nm injection laser diodes(ILDs)via gradient-index(GRIN)lenses to meet optical and thermal design *** better understand noise on the recording channels generated during diode-based activation,we developed a lumped-circuit modeling approach for EMI coupling mechanisms and used it to limit artifacts to amplitudes under 100μV upto an optical output power of 450μ*** implanted the packaged devices into the CA1 pyramidal layer of awake mice,expressing Channelrhodopsin-2 in pyramidal cells and ChrimsonR in paravalbumin-expressing interneurons,and achieved optical excitation of each cell type using sub-mW *** highlight the potential use of this technology for functional dissection of neural circuits.

关键词： waveguide mixer neural

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螺纹铣削——“螺纹加工”将来式

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工具技术 2017年第2期51卷 I0008-I0009页

作者： Andrei Petrilin eran Panko 伊斯卡可转位铣刀螺纹铣刀

机床技术的持续进步使得螺纹铣削在世界各地金属切削制造领域的应用越来越普及。今天，数控机床可通过螺旋插补铣实现高效切削，这一优势确保了铣螺纹工序这种螺纹生成方式呈增长趋势。尽管大多数内螺纹的生成采用传统的螺纹攻丝方式，... 详细信息

机床技术的持续进步使得螺纹铣削在世界各地金属切削制造领域的应用越来越普及。今天，数控机床可通过螺旋插补铣实现高效切削，这一优势确保了铣螺纹工序这种螺纹生成方式呈增长趋势。尽管大多数内螺纹的生成采用传统的螺纹攻丝方式，但在’直径相对较小的螺纹孔加工中．更高效的螺纹铣削技术终结了攻丝加工的绝对主导地位，导致其不再是最主要的螺纹加工方式。

关键词：螺纹加工螺纹铣削螺纹孔加工制造领域金属切削机床技术高效切削螺旋插补

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Role of the microbiome in non-gastrointestinal cancers

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2016年第2期7卷 200-213页

作者： Meirav Pevsner-Fischer Timur Tuganbaev Mariska Meijer Sheng-Hong Zhang Zhi-Rong Zeng Min-Hu Chen eran Elinav Department of Immunology Weizmann Institute of Science Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden University Division of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen University

"The forgotten organ",the human microbiome,comprises a community of microorganisms that colonizes various sites of the human *** coevolution of bacteria,archaea and fungi with the human host over thousands of years,a complex host-microbiome relationship emerged in which many functions,including metabolism and immune responses,became *** coupling becomes evident when disruption in the microbiome composition,termed dysbiosis,is mirrored by the development of pathologies in the *** the most serious consequences of dysbiosis,is the development of *** many as 20% of total cancers worldwide are caused by a microbial *** date,a vast majority of microbiomecancer studies focus solely on the microbiome of the large intestine and the development of gastrointestinal ***,we will review the available evidence implicating microbiome involvement in the development and progression of non-gastrointestinal cancers,while distinguishing between viral and bacterial drivers of cancer,as well as "local" and "systemic","cancer-stimulating" and "cancer-suppressing" effects of the *** a system-wide approach to cancer-microbiome studies will be crucial in understanding how microbiome influences carcinogenesis,and may enable to employ microbiome-targeting approaches as part of cancer treatment.

关键词： Microbiome Non-gastrointestinal cancers Carcinogenesis Dysbiosis Microbial agent

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Enigma of primary aortoduodenal fistula

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第25期15卷 3191-3193页

作者： Miklosh Bala Jacob Sosna Liat Appelbaum eran Israeli Avraham I Rivkind Department of General Surgery and Trauma Unit Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Department of Radiology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center

A diagnosis of primary aortoenteric fistula is difficult to make despite a high level of clinical suspicion. It should be considered in any elderly patient who presents with upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the context of a known abdominal aortic aneurysm. We present the case of young man with no history of abdominal aortic aneurysm who presented with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Initial misdiagnosis led to a delay in treatment and the patient succumbing to the illness. This case is unique in that the fistula formed as a result of complex atherosclerotic disease of the abdominal aorta, and not from an aneurysm.

关键词： Aortoduodenal fistula Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Computed tomography Aortography

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Genetic analysis of four consanguineous multiplex families with inflammatory bowel disease

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第6期9卷 521-532页

作者： Noam Ben-Yosef Matthew Frampton Elena RSchiff Saleh Daher Fadi Abu Baker Rifaat Safadi eran Israeli Anthony W.Segal Adam P.Levine Centre for Molecular Medicine Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver disease Hadassah Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael Institute of Ophthalmology Moorfields Eye HospitalUniversity College LondonLondonUK Institue of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hillel Yaffe Medical CenterHaderaIsrael Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver disease E.Wolfson Medical CenterHolonIsrael Department of Pathology University College LondonLondonUK

Background:Family studies support a genetic predisposition to inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),but known genetic variants only partially explain the disease *** withmultiple affected individuals potentially harbour rare and highimpact causal *** regions of homozygosity due to recent inbreedingmay increase the risk of individuals bearing homozygous loss-of-function *** study aimed to identify rare and homozygous genetic variants contributing to ***:Four families with known consanguinity and multiple cases of IBD were *** a family-specific analysis,we utilised homozygosity mapping complemented by whole-exome ***:We detected a single region of homozygosity shared by Crohn’s disease cases from a family of Druze ancestry,spanning 2.6Mb containing the NOD2 ***-exome sequencing did not identify any potentially damaging variants within the region,suggesting that non-coding variation may be *** addition,affected individuals in the families harboured several rare and potentially damaging homozygous variants in genes with a role in autophagy and innate immunity including LRRK1,WHAMM,DENND3,and ***:This study examined the potential contribution of rare,high-impact homozygous variants in consanguineous families with *** the analysis was not designed to achieve statistical significance,our findings highlight genes or loci that warrant further ***-coding variants affecting NOD2 may be of importance in Druze patients with Crohn’s disease.

关键词： inflammatory bowel disease family study genetics homozygosity

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Clinical pregnancies and livebirths achieved by intracytoplasmic injection of round headed acrosomeless spermatozoa with and without oocyte activation in familial globozoospermia： case report

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第2期10卷 332-336页

作者： Enver K. Dirican Ahmet Isik KubilayVicdan eran Sozen Zekiye Suludere Department of Embryology Private Ankara IVF Center Ankara 06460 Turkey

We report the successful outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） treatment in two siblings with familial globozoospermia. After controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and oocyte pick-up, retrieved oocytes were mechanically activated before ICSI and a fertilization rate of 33.3% was achieved in the first case. The second couple underwent ICSI without oocyte activation and a 9.1% fertilization rate was obtained. The transfer of two grade I embryos in the first couple and one grade I embryo in the second couple resulted in clinical pregnancies with healthy livebirths. It was concluded that the main problem of cases with globozoospermia is a low fertilization rate, and even though ICSI and oocyte activation can increase this rate it is not necessarily needed to achieve a pregnancy. （Asian J Androl 2008 Mar; 10： 332-336）

关键词： intracytoplasmic sperm injection spermatozoa acrosome scanning electron microscopy

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Spatially resolved measurement of plasmon dispersion using Fourier-plane spectral imaging

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Photonics Research 2018年第6期6卷 653-658页

作者： AMIR OHAD KATHERINE AKULOV eran GRANOT URI ROSSMAN FERNANDO PATOLSKY TAL SCHWARTZ School of Physics Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv University Center for Light-Matter Interaction Tel Aviv University School of Chemistry Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv University

We show that Fourier-plane imaging in conjunction with the Kretschmann–Raether configuration can be used for measuring polariton dispersion with spatial discrimination of the sample, over the whole visible spectral *** demonstrate the functionality of our design on several architectures, including plasmonic waveguides, and show that our new design enables the measurement of plasmonic dispersion curves of spatially inhomogeneous structures with features as small as 3 μm, in a single shot.

关键词： Surface plasmons Microscopy Waveguides Dispersion Spectroscopy surface Thin films optical properties

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Inflammatory bowel disease patient profiles are related to specific information needs: A nationwide survey

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4246-4260页

作者： Saleh Daher Tawfik Khoury Ariel Benson John R Walker Oded Hammerman Ron Kedem Timna Naftali Rami Eliakim Ofer Ben-Bassat Charles N Bernstein eran Israeli Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalem 91120Israel Department of Gastroenterology Galilee Medical CenterFaculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar-Ilan UniversityNahariya 22100Israel IBD Clinical and Research Centre University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3E3P4Canada Research Branch IDF Medical CorpsTel-HashomerRamat Gan 52630Israel Institute of Gastroenterology Meir Medical CenterKfar-saba 4428164Israel Sackler School of Medicine Tel-Aviv UniversityTel-Aviv 6997801Israel Institute of Gastroenterology Sheba Medical CenterRamat-Gan 52630Israel Institute of Gastroenterology Rabin Medical CenterPetach-Tikva 49100Israel

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) is a heterogenous, lifelong disease, with an unpredictable and potentially progressive course, that may impose negative psychosocial impact on *** informed patients with chronic illness have improved adherence and outcomes, previous research showed that the majority of IBD patients receive insufficient information regarding their *** large heterogeneity of IBD and the wide range of information topics makes a one-size fits all knowledge resource overwhelming and *** hypothesized that different patient profiles may have different and specific information needs, the identification of which will allow building personalized computer-based information resources in the *** To evaluate the scope of disease-related knowledge among IBD patients and determine whether different patient profiles drive unique information *** We conducted a nationwide survey addressing hospital-based IBD clinics.A Total of 571 patients completed a 28-item questionnaire, rating the amount of information received at time of diagnosis and the importance of information, as perceived by participants, for a newly diagnosed patient, and for the participants themselves, at current *** performed an exploratory factor analysis of the crude responses aiming to create a number of representative knowledge domains(factors), and analyzed the responses of a set of 15 real-life patient profiles generated by the study *** Participants gave low ratings for the amount of information received at disease onset(averaging 0.9/5) and high ratings for importance, both for the newly diagnosed patients(mean 4.2/5) and for the participants themselves at current time(mean 3.5/5).Factor analysis grouped responses into six *** responses of selected profiles, compared with the rest of the participants, yielded significant associations(defined as a difference in rating of >0.5 points with a P < 0.05).Patients w

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Information needs Patient education Knowledge resources Patient profiles

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Pattern of respiratory-induced changes in fingertip blood volume measured by light transmission

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2011年第8期4卷 529-534页

作者： Meir Nitzan Daniel Dayan eran Shalom Yuval Slovik Alan Murray 不详

Respiratory-induced fluctuations in heart rate and arterial blood pressure have been intensively investigated, but there is little information on the effect of respiration on peripheral blood volume. In the current study, blood volume changes in the finger, obtained by light transmission measurements, were measured during regular breathing (6 s periods) and long breathing (12 s periods). Respiratory chest-circumference changes were simultaneously measured in order to associate the pattern of tissue blood volume change with the respiratory cycle. Sixteen subjects were studied, and in fourteen finger blood vol ume increased during inspiration and decreased during expiration in the long-breathing periods. In all 14 subjects the start of blood volume decrease was significantly delayed from the start of expiration by mean ± SD 1.00 ± 0.65 s (p < 0.001, range 0 - 2.3 s). The start of blood volume increase was significantly delayed from the end of expiration by 3.45 ± 1.76 s (p < 0.005). In eight, finger blood volume started to increase more than 2 s before the start of inspiration. For the 6 s breathing period, blood volume decreased during inspiration in five examinations, and increased in seven. The increase in peripheral blood volume during inspiration could be attributed to the higher abdominal pressure during inspiration, and to the decrease in sympathetic activity during inspiration and the subsequent vasodilatation. The decrease in peripheral blood volume during inspiration is probably due to the negative thoracic pressure during inspiration and its mechanical effect on thoracic vessels.

关键词： Light Absorption Deep Breathing Sympathetic Nervous system Tissue Blood Volume

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A prospective study assessing the efficacy of abdominal computed tomography scan without bowel preparation in diagnosing intestinal wall and luminal lesions in patients presenting to the emergency room with abdominal complaints

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第13期11卷 1981-1986页

作者： Michal Mizrahi Yoav Mintz Avraham Rivkind David Kisselgoff Eugene Libson Mayer Brezis eran Goldin Oren Shibolet Gastroenterology Unit Department of General Surgery Department of Radiology School of Public Health

AIM: To evaluate the positive predictive value of abdominal non-prepared computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing intestinal lumen or wall lesions in patients presenting to the emergency room (ER) with abdominal ***: For 1-year we prospectively evaluated all ER patients hospitalized after abdominal CT scan detected either intraluminal or intestinal wall lesions. These patients underwent colonoscopy serving as gold standard. Patients with prior abdominal pathology or CT findings of appendicitis or diverticulitis were ***: Five hundred and sixty-eight abdominopelvic CT scans were performed in the ER, 96 had positive colonic findings. Sixty-two patients were excluded, 46 because of diverticulitis or appendicitis, 16 because of prior abdominal pathology. Of the remaining 34 patients, 14 did not undergo colonoscopy during *** eligible patients were included in the study. The positive predictive value of the CT scans performed in the ER was calculated to be 45% (95% CI 25-67).CONCLUSION: CT findings correlated with colonoscopic findings only in approximately half of the cases. Relying on non-prepared CT scan findings in planning patient management and colonoscopy may lead to unnecessary diagnostic work-ups.

关键词： Abdominal computed tomography Intestinal lesions Emergency room

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