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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 524-532页

作者： Tomer Urcai eran Levin eran Gefen Gal Ribak Faculty of Life Sciences School of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael Department of Biology University of Haifa-OranimKiryat TivonIsrael

The scaling of the energetic cost of locomotion with body mass is well documented at the interspecific ***,methodological restrictions limit our understanding of the scaling of flight metabolic rate(MR)in free-flying *** is particularly true at the intraspecific level,where variation in body mass and flight energetics may have direct consequences for the fitness of an *** applied a 13C stable isotope method to investigate the scaling of MR with body mass during free-flight in the beetle Batocera *** species exhibits large intraspecific variation in adult body mass as a consequence of the environmental conditions during larval *** show that the flight-MR scales with body mass to the power of 0.57,with smaller conspecifics possessing up to 2.3 fold higher mass-specific flight MR than larger *** the scaling exponent of free-flight MR was found to be like that determined for tethered-flight,the energy expenditure during free-flight was more than 2.7 fold higher than for *** metabolic cost of flight should therefore be studied under free-flight conditions,a requirement now enabled by the 13C technique described herein for insect flight.

关键词： allometry body mass Coleoptera free-flight insect flight stable carbon isotope tethered-flight

Oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins for treatment of Crohn's disease: Results of a phase Ⅰ clinical trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第20期11卷 3105-3111页

作者： eran Israeli eran goldin Oren Shibolet Athalia Klein Nilla Hemed Dean Engelhardt Elazar Rabbani Yaron Ilan Gastroenterology and Liver Units Department of Medicine Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel Enzo Biochem New York NY USA

AIM: To evaluate safety and possible efficacy of induction of oral immune regulation using colitis extracted proteins(CEP) in Crohn's disease (CD) ***: Ten CDs were treated orally with autologous CEP thrice weekly for 16 wk. Subjects were monitored for CDAI and IBDQ. Immune modulatory effect was assessed by T-lymphocyte FACS analysis, CEP-specific IFNγ ELISPOT assay and cytokine ***: Induction of oral immune regulation significantly ameliorated disease activity. All (10/10) subjects had clinical response (CDAI≤70) and 7/10 achieved clinical remission (CDAI≤150). Significant increase in mean IBDQ score was noted (134±9vs 164±12). No treatment-related adverse events were noted. High levels of CEP-specific IFNγ spot forming colonies were detected in five subjects prior to treatment and in all five, a marked decrease was observed. The CD4+/CDS+ lymphocyte ratio and peripheral NKT cell numbers increased significantly, in 7/10 and in 5/10 subjects, respectively. Significant increase in serum IL-10 and IL-4 levels was observed in 7/10 subjects during treatment ***: Immune regulation via oral administration of CEP is a safe and possibly effective treatment for subjects with moderate CD and may provide means of antigen-specific immune modulation.

关键词：免疫反应大肠疾病萃取蛋白克罗恩病节段性肠炎

Unified Description of the Three Stable Particles in Self-Action Allows Determination of Their Relative Masses

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第1期10卷 185-196页

作者： Yair goldin Halfon Mexico City Mexico

The Dirac equation γμ(δμ-eAμ)Ψ=mc2Ψ describes the bound states of the electron under the action of external potentials, Aμ. We assumed that the fundamental form of the Dirac equation γμ(δμ-Sμ)Ψ=0 should describe the stable particles (the electron, the proton and the dark-matter-particle (dmp)) bound to themselves under the action of their own potentials Sμ. The new equation reveals that self energy is consequence of self action, it also reveals that the spin angular momentum is consequence of the dynamic structure of the stable particles. The quantitative results are the determination of their relative masses as well as the determination of the electromagnetic coupling constant.

关键词： Electron in Self Action Electron-Dark-Matter Particle Mass Ratio Analytic Description Dark-Matter-Particle

A prospective study assessing the efficacy of abdominal computed tomography scan without bowel preparation in diagnosing intestinal wall and luminal lesions in patients presenting to the emergency room with abdominal complaints

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第13期11卷 1981-1986页

作者： Michal Mizrahi Yoav Mintz Avraham Rivkind David Kisselgoff Eugene Libson Mayer Brezis eran goldin Oren Shibolet Gastroenterology Unit Department of General Surgery Department of Radiology School of Public Health

AIM: To evaluate the positive predictive value of abdominal non-prepared computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing intestinal lumen or wall lesions in patients presenting to the emergency room (ER) with abdominal ***: For 1-year we prospectively evaluated all ER patients hospitalized after abdominal CT scan detected either intraluminal or intestinal wall lesions. These patients underwent colonoscopy serving as gold standard. Patients with prior abdominal pathology or CT findings of appendicitis or diverticulitis were ***: Five hundred and sixty-eight abdominopelvic CT scans were performed in the ER, 96 had positive colonic findings. Sixty-two patients were excluded, 46 because of diverticulitis or appendicitis, 16 because of prior abdominal pathology. Of the remaining 34 patients, 14 did not undergo colonoscopy during *** eligible patients were included in the study. The positive predictive value of the CT scans performed in the ER was calculated to be 45% (95% CI 25-67).CONCLUSION: CT findings correlated with colonoscopic findings only in approximately half of the cases. Relying on non-prepared CT scan findings in planning patient management and colonoscopy may lead to unnecessary diagnostic work-ups.

关键词：腹部疾病肠壁肠道准备 X线检查鲁米诺

Unexpected FDG-PET uptake in the gastrointestinal tract:Endoscopic and histopathological correlations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第15期20卷 4377-4381页

作者： goldin eran Mahamid Mahmud Koslowsky Benjamin Shteingart Shimon Dubner Yael Lalazar Gadi Wengrower Dov Digestive Diseases Institute Shaare Zedek Medical CenterAffiliated with the Hebrew University School of MedicineJerusaleml 91031Israel Department of Gastroenterology Hadassah University HospitalJerusaleml 91031Israel

AIM:To investigate the nature and significance of unexpected positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG-PET)uptake within the gastrointestinal tract(GIT).METHODS:Patients with unexpected FDG-PET findings in the GIT were *** patients had a previous confirmed malignancy,either solid or *** radiologic reports were performed by experienced radiologists with an exclusive PET ***,i.e.,esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)and colonoscopy,and histopathological evaluation of all findings was performed in all patients in accordance to the FDG-PET *** findings from each of these modalities were compared to each *** clinically significant and insignificant findings were ***:Seventy-two patients were endoscopically ***-seven patients(37.5%)had primarily a lymphoproliferative tumor and 45(62.5%)had solid *** 50 patients(69.4%)the endoscopic examination revealed lesions in the same anatomical areas as the FDG-PET *** these 50 patients,malignant and premalignant lesions i.e.,adenomatous polyps were found in 16(32%)and 9(18%)patients,*** was noted in an additional20 patients(40%).Compared to primary solid tumors,a background of primary lymphoproliferative malignancy was more likely to reveal an additional primary malignancy(15.6%vs 33.3%,respectively,P<0.01).EGD compared to colonoscopy,revealed altogether 11(25.6%)new malignancies compared to 5(17.2%),respectively,P=*** GIT clinically significant findings were overseen by the ***:Unexpected FDG uptake in the GIT is commonly encountered and may contain significant *** evaluation is justified in order to detect these additional findings.

关键词： Positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxygluco

金融界与商业界MBA职业发展的性别差距研究

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新金融 2024年第5期 16-23页

作者： Marianne Bertrand Claudia goldin Lawrence F.Kat 田振(翻译) 缪蛟(翻译) 芝加哥大学哈佛大学不详

Claudia goldin是2023年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者。2010年,她与Marianne Bertrand和Lawrence ***合作在AEJ:Applied Economics发表了此篇文章。该文对美国一所知名商学院MBA的职业生涯进行了调研,以了解MBA不同性别的职业发展。尽管MBA男... 详细信息

Claudia goldin是2023年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者。2010年,她与Marianne Bertrand和Lawrence ***合作在AEJ:Applied Economics发表了此篇文章。该文对美国一所知名商学院MBA的职业生涯进行了调研,以了解MBA不同性别的职业发展。尽管MBA男女在职业生涯初期的收入几乎相同,但他们的收入很快就出现了分化,MBA男性比女性的收入优势在毕业10年后达到了近60个对数点。造成MBA男女收入差距巨大且不断扩大的原因有3个:MBA毕业前培训的差异、职业中断的差异以及每周工作时间的差异。MBA女性的职业生涯中断较多,工作时间较短,这在很大程度上与做母亲有关。当前,帮助不同性别员工获得平等职业发展机会仍然是学术界探讨的重要议题。本刊征得原载期刊同意,编译此文,以飨读者。

关键词：工商管理硕士(MBA) 职业生涯职业中断 MBA男女收入差距

Circumventing the phonon bottleneck by multiphonon-mediated hot exciton cooling at the nanoscale

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 845-852页

作者： Dipti Jasrasaria eran Rabani Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Present address:Department of Chemistry Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA

Nonradiative processes govern efficiencies of semiconductor nanocrystal(NC)-based devices.A central process is hot exciton cooling,or the nonradiative relaxation of a highly excited electron/hole pair to form a band-edge *** to quantum confinement effects,the timescale and mechanism of cooling are not well understood.A mismatch between electronic energy gaps and phonon frequencies has led to the hypothesis of a phonon bottleneck and extremely slow cooling,while enhanced electron-hole interactions have suggested ultrafast *** measurements of the cooling timescale range six orders of ***,we develop an atomistic approach to describe phonon-mediated exciton dynamics and simulate cooling in NCs of experimentally relevant *** find that cooling occurs on~30 fs timescales in CdSe NCs,in agreement with the most recent measurements,and that the phonon bottleneck is circumvented through a cascade of multiphonon-mediated relaxation ***,we identify NC handles for tuning the cooling timescale.

关键词： phonon relaxation excited

Metabolic cost of flight and aerobic efficiency in the rose chafer,Protaetia cuprea(Cetoniinae)

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1361-1372页

作者： Tomer Urca eran Levin Gal Ribak School of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael

Rose chafer beetles(Protetia cuprea)are pollinators as well as agricultural pests,flying between flowers and trees while foraging for pollen and *** the energy they expend on flying during foraging activity faces the challenge of measuring the metabolic rate(MR)of free-flying insects in an open *** overcame this challenge by using the bolus injection of ^(13)C Na-bicarbonate technique to measure their metabolic energy expenditure while flying in a large flight ***,we tracked the insects with high-speed cameras to extract their flight trajectory,from which we calculated the mechanical power invested in flying for each flight *** found that the chemical(metabolic)energy input converted to mechanical flight energy output at a mean efficiency of 10.4%±5.2%,with a trend of increased efficiency in larger conspecifics(efficiency scaled with body mass to the power of 1.4).The transition in the summer from a diet of pollen to that of fruits may affect the energy budget available for *** ***,feeding on apples ad libitum,increased their body mass by an average of 6%in 2 *** to our calculations,such a meal can power a 630-m flight(assuming a carbohydrate assimilation efficiency of 90%).Pollen,with a low water and carbohydrate content but rich in proteins and lipids,has a higher caloric content and should assimilate differently when converting food to flight *** high cost of aerial locomotion is inherent to the foraging behavior of rose chafers,explaining their short flight bouts followed by prolonged feeding activity.

关键词： aerobic eficieney bolus injection of^(13)C-Na-bicarbonate feeding capacity flight metabolic rate flower chafer bele free flight mechanical power

Multi-dimensional band structure spectroscopy in the synthetic frequency dimension

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1425-1433页

作者： Dali Cheng eran Lustig Kai Wang Shanhui Fan Ginzton Laboratory and Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA Department of Physics McGll UniversityMontrealQC H3A 2T8Canada

The concept of synthetic dimensions in photonics provides a versatile platform in exploring multi-dimensional *** of these physics are characterized by band structures in more than one *** efforts on band structure measurements in the photonic synthetic frequency dimension however are limited to either onedimensional Brillouin zones or one-dimensional subsets of multi-dimensional Billouin *** we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a method to fully measure multi-dimensional band structures in the synthetic frequency *** use a single photonic resonator under dynamical modulation to create a multidimensional synthetic frequency *** show that the band structure of such a lattice over the entire multidimensional Brillouin zone can be measured by introducing a gauge potential into the lattice *** this method,we perform experimental measurements of two-dimensional band structures of a Hermitian and a non-Hermitian *** measurements reveal some of the general properties of point-gap topology of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian in more than one *** results demonstrate experimental capabilities to fully characterize high-dimensional physical phenomena in the photonic synthetic frequency dimension.

关键词： resonator synthetic dimensional

Oral mixture of autologous colon-extracted proteins for the Crohn's disease: A double-blind trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第18期21卷 5685-5694页

作者： eran Israeli Ehud Zigmond Gadi Lalazar Athalia Klein Nilla Hemed eran goldin Yaron Ilan Gastroenterology and Liver Units Department of Medicine Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center IL 91120 Jerusalem Israel

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral administration of AlequelTM, an autologous proteincontaining colon extract.a randomized,placebo-controlled,double-blind *** were orally administered with autologous protein-containing colon extract three doses of autologous study drug per week for 15 wk,for a total of45 *** were followed for safety *** was defined as a Crohn’s disease activity index(CDAI)score of less than or equal to *** patients were followed for changes in subsets of T cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting ***:Analysis was performed on a total number of evaluable patients of 14 in the study drug group and15 in the placebo *** was well tolerated by all *** major treatment-related adverse events were reported or observed in any of the treated patients during the feeding or follow-up *** weeks 6 and 9 of the study,six of the 14(43%)evaluable subjects who received the study drug achieved a CDAI of 150 or *** contrast,five of the 15(33%)evaluable subjects in the placebo group achieved *** weeks 9 and 12,the remission rates were 50%and 33%for the drug group and placebo group,*** the drug-treated subjects who achieved remission,the effect of the drug was judged as stable in eight of the 14 subjects as measured by at least two CDAI scores indicating remission in the 15-wk treatment period.A decreased percentage of peripheral natural killer T regulatory cells(a decrease of 28%vs an increase of 16%)and an increased ratio of CD4+/CD8+T lymphocytes(an increase of 11%vs a decrease of9%)were noted in subjects with a significant clinical ***:Oral administration of the autologous colonic extract could be a safe and effective for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease.

关键词： Oral tolerance Crohn’s disease Natural killer T cells Immune modulation