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Genetic variability of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and its resistance to fungicides

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 381-391页

作者： Castillo RF Gallegos G Flores OA aguilar GC Rodriguez HR Hernandez CFD Saltillo Experimental Station Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias.Carr.Saltillo-Zacatecas km 342+119No.9515Col.ExHacienda de BuenavistaSaltilloCoah.C.P.25315 Department of Agricultural Parasitology Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio NarroBuenavista25315SaltilloCoahuilaMéxico Food Research Department School of Chemical SciencesUniversidad Autónoma de Coahuila25000SaltilloCoahuilaMexico

The aims of this study are to determine the population genetic structure of Rhizoctonia solani,associated with potato,and to assess its resistance degree to pencycuron and thiabendazole fungicides.A total of 57 strains of *** were isolated from different potato crop fields in Mexico,and were classified according to their anastomosis group(AG)using the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)-based ***,the amplified fragments were digested with four different endonucleases(Mse I,Ava II,Mun I and Hinc II).The Repetitive Element Sequence-Based PCR(rep-PCR)technique was used to determine the genetic diversity in *** *** obtained by PCR-RFLP showed that 81%of the isolates were identified as belonging to AG-3 group,14%to AG1-1B and 5%to AG-11 *** response to fungicides inhibition,IC_(50)between 0.014-0.039 mg a.i./L for pencycuron,and 0.82 to 2.91 for thiabendazole were determined,This IC_(50)value showed that the resistance factor(RF)values ranged from 1.4 to 3.945 and 0.27 to 0.97,respectively;this tendency suggests that isolates are susceptible to *** AG groups showed a heterogeneous resistance to pencycuron and thiabendazole,being more tolerant to these fungicides AG1-1B and AG-11 *** genetic analysis shows a low genetic diversity among(P-value 0.3225)and within(P-value 0.3275)populations;this can indicate a clonal reproduction and little parasexual cycle among the analyzed isolations.

关键词： Anastomosis group genetic diversity genetic resistance Mexico PCR RFLP parasexual cycle REP PCR Wright’s statistics

Participatory Early Warning Systems: Youth, Citizen Science,and Intergenerational Dialogues on Disaster Risk Reduction in Brazil

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第4期8卷 390-401页

作者： Victor Marchezini Rachel Trajber Dbora Olivato Viviana aguilar Muoz Fernando de Oliveira Pereira Andra Eliza Oliveira Luz Cemaden–National Early Warning and Monitoring Center of Natural Disasters Distrito de Eugênio de MeloSo JosDos Campos

Building national people-centered early warning systems(EWS) is strongly recommended by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(UNISDR). Most of the scientific literature is critical of the conventional view of EWS as a linear model with a topdown approach, in which technological features are given more attention than human factors. It is argued that EWS should be people-centered, and used for risk prevention,with an emphasis on resilience, rather than only being triggered when a hazard occurs. However, both the UNISDR and the literature fail to say how a people-centered EWS should be built, and what steps are needed to put EWS into effect. This article examines the obstacles and measures required to promote people-centered EWS,with a focus on the situation in Brazil. After assessing the institutional vulnerability of EWS, we analyze some measures that can be taken to reduce institutional vulnerability,based on experiences with a participatory citizen science educational project that involved high school *** guidelines are developed for adopting a bottom-up approach towards achieving the four elements of EWS—risk knowledge, monitoring, communication of warnings,and response capability—with the help of school curricula.

关键词： Brazil Capacity building Citizen science Disaster risk reduction Early warning systems Resilient schools

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Simulation factors of steel continuous casting

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2010年第3期17卷 267-275页

作者： A.Ramírez-López R.aguilar-López A.Kunold-Bello J.González-Trejo M.Palomar-Pardavé Department of Materiales Metropolitan Autonomous University Institute Polytechnic National Institute Technologic Autonomous of Mexico

The factors involved in simulating the continuous casting process of steel and the effects of the factors on the thermal behavior were investigated. The numerical methods and the influence of some assumptions were also analyzed, such as nodes used to discretize the steel in array size and computing time to obtain good approaches. The results show that some of these factors are related with the design of the continuous casting plant （CCP）, such as geometrical configuration, and the operating conditions, such as water flow rate, heat removal coefficient in the mold, casting times, and casting speed in the strand, which affect the heat removal conditions over the temperature and solidification profiles.

关键词： continuous casting thermal behavior numerical method computer simulation

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Comparison of Control Techniques in a Weight Lifting Exoskeleton

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 663-673页

作者： Irving Rosales-Diaz Jesus Ricardo Lopez-Gutierrez Angel Eduardo Zamora Suarez Sergio Rosario Salazar Antonio Osorio-Cordero Hipolito aguilar-Sierra Rogelio Lozano CINVESTAV Av.Institute Politecnico Nacional 2508Col.San Pedro Zacatenco07360Mexico CityMexico CONACYT-CINVESTAV Av.Institute Politecnico Nacional 2508Col.San Pedro Zacatenco07360Mexico CityMexico Polytechnic University of Tulancingo St.Ingenierias 100Col.Huapalcalco43629TulancingoHidalgoMexico Centre de Recherches de Royalieu UTC-HEUDIASyCCompiegne60205France

The back pain is the most common injury in human activities where heavy objects must be lifted or must be suspended for a long time.A weight lifting exoskeleton also known as force augmentation exoskeleton is designed to reduce the strain on the back and the limbs and reduce the risk to suffer *** the other hand,different kinds of controllers have been implemented to achieve whit this goal,for example,a conventional PD Control,PD Control with Gravity Compensation,PD Control with Adaptive Desired Gravity Compensation and PD Control with Robust *** paper aims to evaluate and compare the performance from the previously cited controllers used to reduce the strain in the back,through the implementation of each controller in a three Degrees Of Freedom(DOF)exoskeleton powered by pneumatic muscle actuators;some numerical simulations as well as experimental trials have been conducted and three different performance indices were used in order to determine the effectiveness of each one with respect to the simple PD controller when the mass to be lifted is unknown.

关键词： augmenting force device exoskeleton robot pneumatic artificial muscles adaptive control robust control

Preparation and Characterization of Flexible, Transparent and Thermally Stable Aromatic Co-polyamides

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第2期37卷 136-141页

作者： José Antonio Tec-Sánchez Andrés Iván Oliva Arias Manuel aguilar-Vega Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez José Luis Santiago-García Unidad de Materiales Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A. C. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad Mérida Departamento de Física Aplicada

Two aromatic co-polyamides were synthesized combining two diacid monomers containing bulky pendant groups, 5-(9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene-11,12-dicarboximido)isophthalic acid(DEAIA) and 5-tert-butylisophthalic acid(TERT), with 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)dianiline(HFA) or 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine(Durene) by direct polycondensation. The structures of the obtained aromatic co-polyamides were confirmed by FTIR, Raman and 1 H-NMR. The co-copolyamide films, DHTH and DDTD, exhibited rms-roughness values between 0.94 and 1.60 nm, respectively. Moreover, they presented good thermal stability up to300 °C. Young's moduli of the co-polyamide films were between 4.1 and 4.3 GPa. X-ray diffraction results showed that the co-polyamide films were amorphous due to the incorporation of both bulky pendant groups, tert-butyl and dibenzobarrelene. The combination of bulky pendant groups provided intrinsically transparent co-polyamide films with a transmittance higher than 88% in the range of 400-780 *** to these outstanding film and optical properties, they are suggested to be flexible substrates in applications for solar cell and other portable electronic devices.

关键词： Co-polyamides Flexible films Transmittance Thermal stability Polycondensation

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Bacteriocins as antimicrobial and preservative agents in food:Biosynthesis,separation and application

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 749-771页

作者： Deepak Kumar Verma Mamta Thakur Smita Singh Soubhagya Tripathy Alok Kumar Gupta Deepika Baranwal Ami R.Patel Nihir Shah Gemilang Lara Utama Alaa Kareem Niamah M´onica L.Ch´avez-Gonz´alez Carolina Flores Gallegos Cristobal Noe aguilar Prem Prakash Srivastav Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpur721302West BengalIndia Department of Food Technology School of SciencesITM UniversityGwalior474001Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics University Institute of Applied Health SciencesChandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413PunjabIndia Division of Post-harvest Management ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture(Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers WelfareGovernment.of India)Lucknow(UP)226101India Department of Home Science Arya Mahila PG CollegeBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India Division of Dairy Microbiology Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology-MIDFTDudhsagar Dairy CampusMehsana384002GujaratIndia Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology Universitas PadjadjaranSumedang45363Indonesia Center for Environment and Sustainability Science Universitas PadjadjaranBandung40132Indonesia Department of Food Science College of AgricultureUniversity of BasrahBasra CityIraq Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group and Nanobioscience Group.Food Research Department School of Chemistry.Autonomous University of CoahuilaSaltillo Campus25280CoahuilaMexico

Emerging evidence shows the trend of using safe and natural preservatives like bacteriocins in food *** increasing demand by the food industry to extend keeping quality and prevent spoilage of various food products has appealed for new preservatives and new methods of ***,to discover the novel spectrum of antimicrobial compounds that could effectively battle food-borne pathogens,bacteriocins have been intensively studied in the last few ***,great attention has been paid to the application of lactic acid-bacterial bacteriocins targeting food spoilage-causing or pathogenic microorganisms with no significant side *** mechanisms of action like pore-formation,retarding cell-wall/nucleic acid/protein synthesis have been proposed and described for diverse ***,the syntheses,purification of bacteriocins in addition to their applications as antimicrobial and preservative agents in food processing are reviewed in *** review will also discuss the preservative effect of bacteriocins and their combinations having multiple modes of action(hurdle approach)to reduce the microbial load as well as antimicrobial resistance.

关键词： Lactic acid bacteria Bacteriocins Preservative Food-borne pathogens Food processing

Mass Spectrometric Analyses Reveal a Central Role for Ubiquitylation in Remodeling the Arabidopsis Proteome during Photomorphogenesis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 846-865页

作者： Victor aguilar-Hernandez Do-Young Kim Robert J. Stankey Mark Scalf Lloyd M. Smith Richard D. Vierstra Department of Biology Washington University in St. Louis Campus Box 1137 One Brookings Drive St. Louis MO 63130 USA Department of Genetics 425-G Henry Mall Department of Chemistry 1101 University Avenue University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 USA Advanced Bio Convergence Center Pohang Technopark Gyeong-Buk South Korea 37668

The switch from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis is a key developmental transition in the life of seed plants. While much of the underpinning proteome remodeling is driven by light-induced changes in gene expression, the proteolytic removal of specific proteins by the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system is also likely paramount. Through mass spectrometric analysis of ubiquitylated proteins affinity-purified from etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings before and after red-light irradiation, we identified a number of influential proteins whose ubiquitylation status is modified during this switch. We observed a substantial enrichment for proteins involved in auxin, abscisic acid, ethylene, and brassinosteroid signaling, peroxisome function, disease resistance, protein phosphorylation and light perception, including the phytochrome （Phy） A and phototropin photoreceptors. Soon after red-light treatment, PhyA becomes the dominant ubiquitylated species, with ubiquitin attachment sites mapped to six lysines. A PhyA mutant protected from ubiquitin addition at these sites is substantially more stable in planta upon photoconversion to Pfr and is hyperactive in driving photomorphogenesis. However, light still stimulates ubiquitylation and degradation of this mutant, implying that other attachment sites and/or proteolytic pathways exist. Collectively, we expand the catalog of ubiquitylation targets in Arabidopsis and show that this post- translational modification is central to the rewiring of plants for photoautotrophic growth.

关键词： Arabidopsis ubiquitin mass spectrometry photomorphogenesis phytochrome degradation

Design of a Social Marketing Plan on Salt Reduction for the Control and Treatment of Noncommunicable Diseases in Costa Rica

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1057-1077页

作者： Adriana Blanco-Metzler Hilda Patricia Nuñez-Rivas Marlene Roselló-Araya Karol Madriz-Morales Karla Benavides-aguilar Marco Castro-Araya Unit of Health and Nutrition Costa Rican Institute of Research and Teaching in Nutrition and Health Tres Rios Costa Rica Dirección de Investigación y Tecnologías en Salud Ministerio de Salud San José Costa Rica Independent Researcher Tres Rios Costa Rica Dirección de Atención al Cliente Ministerio de Salud San José Costa Rica

High blood pressure and other non-communicable diseases associated with excessive salt/sodium consumption represent a major challenge to the health of the world’s population. Consumption is a human behavior that is usually influenced by significant factors, internal and external to people. The design of a national social marketing intervention is described. The whole process was developed by a national interdisciplinary team over the course of a decade (2011-2022). Its purpose is to promote changes in this behavior, through gradual reduction of salt/sodium consumption in the target populations of Costa Rica, for the prevention and control of associated diseases. The process includes four phases: research, situation analysis, creation of a proposal for the social marketing strategy, and implementation and evaluation. Last phase was not developed by the research team. The main inputs used to design this intervention were the data generated in three qualitative researchers carried out by the national work team and the social marketing regional plan for salt consumption reduction in Latin America. By analyzing these research data, marketing mix components were determined for designing the intervention. The marketing strategy is promotional and is based on encouraging a natural diet with less sodium using natural seasonings and adding less discretional salt and industrialized products high in sodium, in the preparation of food and dishes. The primary key audience is the mother of the school-aged child, and the secondary is the adult caregivers of this child. It is expected that in the short term, health promoters from different government and non-state sectors will contribute to the implementation of the national social marketing plan, to achieve, in the medium or long term, a consumption that approaches five grams of salt per person per day. This plan is a country initiative to position the value of a natural diet with less sodium and to contribute to the prevention and

关键词： Salt Social Marketing Behavior Change Noncommunicable Diseases Sodium

Integrating climate, biodiversity, and sustainable land-use strategies:innovations from China

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 13-17页

作者： Guido Schmidt-Traub Harvey Locke Jixi Gao Zhiyun Ouyang Justin Adams Lin Li enric Sala M.Rebecca Shaw Sebastian Troёng Jing Xu Chunquan Zhu Changxin Zou Tianxiao Ma Fuwen Wei Sustainable Development Solutions Network Beyond the Aichi Targets Task Force IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative Center for Satellite Applications on Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Tropical Forest Alliance World Economic Forum Worldwide Fund for Nature National Geographic Society Conservation International Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Nature Initiatives and Tropical Forest Alliance World Economic Forum Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

To reverse the accelerating degradation of biodiversity and ecosystem services(‘nature’) and climate [1,2], the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) will hold major meetings in 2021. We argue that, as a critical priority, countries need to design and implement integrated national strategies to achieve the goals of the three Rio Conventions (including the UN Convention to Combat Desertification—UNCCD) using spatially explicit analyses and policies. This integration can maximize co-benefits and help manage trade-offs to meet the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). Nature-based solutions (NBS)provide an important framework for such integration.

关键词： ECOSYSTEM SERVICES