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Impact of pre-existing cardiometabolic diseases on metastatic cancer stage at diagnosis:a prospective multinational cohort study

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Cancer Communications 2024年第5期44卷 593-597页

作者： Anna Jansana Aviane Auguste Marina Kvaskoff Agnès Fournier emma Fontvieille laia Peruchet-Noray Carine Biessy Reynalda Cordova Kristina Elin Nielsen Petersen Anne Tjoneland Verena Katzke Rudolf Kaaks Fulvio Ricceri Salvatore Panico Paolo Contiero Maria-Jose Sánchez Jesus Castilla Marta Crous-Bou Alicia Heath Elom Kouassivi Aglago Elisabete Weiderpass Marc James Gunter Pietro Ferrari Elio Riboli Vivian Viallon Heinz Freisling International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC-WHO) LyonFrance Paris-Saclay University University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-YvelineUniversity Paris-SudFrench National Institute for Health and Medical Research(Inserm)Gustave Roussy“Exposome and Heredity”TeamCESPVillejuifFrance Department of Nutritional Sciences University of ViennaViennaAustria Danish Cancer Society Research Center CopenhagenDenmark Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Division of Cancer Epidemiology German Cancer Research CentreHeidelbergGermany Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinTurinItaly Unit of Epidemiology Regional Health Service ASL TO3GrugliascoTurinItaly Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II UniversityNaplesItaly Environmental Epidemiology Unit Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)-Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly Cancer Registry of Granada Institute for Biosanitary Research of Granada(ibs.GRANADA)GranadaSpain Epidemiology and Control of Chronic Diseases Group Epidemiology and Public Health Networking Biomedical Research CentreMadridSpain Navarra Public Health Institute PamplonaSpain Unit of Nutrition and Cancer Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology(ICO)-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute(IDIBELL)L’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Department of Epidemiology Harvard Tseng-Hsi Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthImperial College LondonSt Mary’s CampusNorfolk PlaceLondonUK

Owing to shared risk factors between cardiometabolic diseases(CMDs)and cancer,coupled with population aging,the lifetime risk of an individual developing cancer after a CMD is ***,biological mechanisms such as insulin resistance or inflammation may not only predispose individuals withCMDto an elevated risk of certain types of cancer but also to a diagnosis of cancer at an advanced stage[1,2].

关键词： diagnosis diseases cancer

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Association between fundamental motor skills and physical activity in the early years:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 542-552页

作者： Dan Jones Alison Innerd emma l.Giles liane B.Azevedo School of Health and life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbrough TS13BXUK

Background:Physical activity(PA)in the early years is associated with a range of positive health *** motor skill(FMS)competence is associated with PA and is theorized to be driven by PA in the early years and vice versa in mid to late ***,to date,no studies have meta-analyzed the association between PA and FMS in the early ***:Six electronic databases were searched for articles published up to April ***-sectional and longitudinal studies were included if they targeted children(ages 3-6 year)as the population of the study and assessed the association between objectively measured PA and *** FMS,total physical activity(TPA),and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)data were meta-analyzed using a random effects ***:We identified 24,815 titles and *** total,19 studies met the inclusion criteria,including 14 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal studies,as well as 1 study with cross-sectional and longitudinal *** was a significant but small positive association between FMS and MVPA(r=0.20,95%confidence interval(CI):0.13-0.26)and TPA(r=0.20,95%CI:0.12-0.28).Findings from longitudinal studies revealed that PA drives FMS in early *** was explored in 1 study,which found that perceived motor competence did not mediate the association between FMS and ***:Using a meta-analysis,this study is the first to show a positive association between FMS,MVPA,and TPA in the early years of childhood,suggesting that the association begins at an early *** evidence from longitudinal studies supports the theory that PA drives FMS in the early years of *** evidence is needed from large studies to track PA and FMS until mid to late childhood and to explore the mediators of this association.

关键词： Early years Fundamental motor skills Physical activity

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Does the scent of a potential mate prevent the resorption of oocytes by apoptosis in Nauphoeta cinerea？

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Insect Science 2009年第5期16卷 393-398页

作者： emma l. B. Barrett Allen J. Moore Patricia J. Moore Centre for Ecology and Conservation School of Biosciences University of Exeter Cornwall Campus Penryn Cornwall UK

We expect organisms to have evolved mechanisms to gather and use the information available within their environments, to steer resource investment decisions toward the traits that will give the greatest fitness returns. Pheromones are social signals, a common purpose of which is to act as indicators of mate presence. Consequently, pheromones have the potential to act as signals to increase or maintain reproductive investment over that of competing life-history traits. In the cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea （Oliver）, females pay costs of maintaining investment in reproduction when there are no males, and males produce pheromones that are known to effect female reproductive outcomes. Whether the pheromones have an influence on resource physiology is unknown. We subjected newly eclosed females to either a synthetic blend of male pheromones or control. We dissected females at 7, 12, 17 or 22 days. We measured apoptosis levels and size of all oocytes within the vitellerium, and measured dry fat body mass. Synthetic male pheromone blend did not have an effect on any measure of female reproductive or somatic resource physiology. Although negative results are always problematic, the success of the synthetic pheromone method in the past suggests that females may be insensitive to male pheromones in the pre-oviposition period, and may rely on mating stimulus rather than pheromone as the cue for oocyte maintenance and growth. Previous studies reporting effects of male pheromones on female reproduction suggest that the period of pheromone sensitivity may be between mating and birth.

关键词： apoptosis environment oocyte ovary pheromone predictable trade-off

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Evolving role of magnetic resonance techniques in primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第6期25卷 644-658页

作者： emmanuel A Selvaraj emma l Culver Helen Bungay Adam Bailey Roger W Chapman Michael Pavlides Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Translational Gastroenterology Unit Nuffield Department of Medicine University of OxfordJohn Radcliffe Hospital Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Oxford Department of Radiology John Radcliffe Hospital

Development of non-invasive methods to risk-stratify patients and predict clinical endpoints have been identified as one of the key research priorities in primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC). In addition to serum and histological biomarkers, there has been much recent interest in developing imaging biomarkers that can predict disease course and clinical outcomes in *** resonance imaging/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRI/MRCP) continue to play a central role in the diagnosis and follow-up of PSC patients. Magnetic resonance(MR) techniques have undergone significant advancement over the last three decades both in MR data acquisition and interpretation. The progression from a qualitative to quantitative approach in MR acquisition techniques and data interpretation, offers the opportunity for the development of objective and reproducible imaging biomarkers that can potentially be incorporated as an additional endpoint in clinical trials. This review article will discuss how the role of MR techniques have evolved over the last three decades from emerging as an alternative diagnostic tool to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, to being instrumental in the ongoing search for imaging biomarker of disease stage, progression and prognosis in PSC.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic

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Pharmacologic inhibition of mTORC1 mimics dietary protein restriction in a mouse model of lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 729-738页

作者： Virginia l.Pszczolkowski Steven J.Halderson emma J.Meyer Amy lin Sebastian I.Arriola Apelo Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Background:Understanding the mechanisms of N utilization for lactation can lead to improved requirement estimates and increased efficiency,which modern dairy diets currently fail to *** mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)is a central hub of translation regulation,processing extra-and intra-cellular signals of nutrient availability and physiological state,such as amino acids and *** hypothesized that dietary amino acids regulate lactation through mTORC1,such that inhibition of mTORC1 will lead to decreased lactation performance when amino acids are not *** objectives were to assess lactation performance in lactating mice undergoing dietary and pharmacologic interventions designed to alter mTORC1 ***:First lactation mice(N=18;n=6/treatment)were fed an adequate protein diet(18%crude protein),or an isocaloric protein-restricted diet(9%crude protein)from the day after parturition until lactation day 13.A third group of mice was fed an adequate protein diet and treated with the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin(4 mg/kg every other day)intraperitoneally,with the first two groups treated with vehicle as *** and pups were weighed daily,and feed intake was recorded every other *** production was measured every other day beginning on lactation day 4 by the weigh-suckle-weigh *** were collected after fasting and ***:Milk production and pup weight were similarly decreased by both protein restriction and rapamycin treatment,with final production at 50%of control(P=0.008)and final pup weight at 85%of control(Plation of mTORC1’s downstream targets were decreased by protein restriction and rapamycin treatment(Ple very little effect was observed in the liver of rapamycin treated mice,and none by protein ***:Overall,sufficient supply of dietary amino acids was unable to maintain lactation performance status in mice with pharmacologically reduced mam

关键词： Amino acids lactation Mammary Mouse model mTORC1 Rapamycin

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Inhibition of vascular adhesion protein-1 modifies hepatic steatosis in vitro and in vivo

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 931-948页

作者： emma l Shepherd Sumera Karim Philip N Newsome Patricia F lalor Centre for liver and Gastroenterology Research Birmingham National Institute for Health ResearchBirmingham Biomedical Research CentreInstitute of Immunology and ImmunotherapyUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom liver Unit Queen Elizabeth HospitalUniversity Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD)is associated with obesity,insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia and currently is estimated to affect up to a third of all individuals in developed *** standard of care for patients varies according to disease stage,but includes lifestyle interventions common insulin sensitizers,antioxidants and lipid ***,to date specific therapies have shown little histological or fibrosis stage improvement in large clinical trials,and there is still no licensed therapy for *** the high prevalence,limited treatment options and significant screening costs for the general population,new treatments are urgently *** To assess the potential for inhibition of the amine oxidase enzyme vascular adhesion protein-1(VAP-1)to modify hepatic lipid accumulation in *** We have used immunochemical and qPCR analysis to document expression of VAP-1 and key functional proteins and transporters across the NAFlD *** then utilised hepatocytes in culture and human precision cut liver slices in concert with selective enzyme activity inhibitors to test the effects of activating the semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity of VAP-1 on hepatic lipid uptake and triglyceride export.A murine model of NAFlD was also used to determine the consequences of VAP-1 knockout and gene expression arrays were used to quantify the effects of VAP-1 activity on key lipid modifying and proinflammatory gene *** We confirmed that increasing severity of NAFlD and progression to cirrhosis was associated with a significant increase in hepatocellular VAP-1 *** in vitro exposed to recombinant VAP-1 and its substrate methylamine showed increased lipid accumulation as determined by quantification of Oil Red O *** was recapitulated using hydrogen peroxide,and lipid accumulation was accompanied by changes in expression of the lipid transporter molecules FABP3,FATP6,insulin recep

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatocyte lipid Cell biology Vascular adhesion protein-1 Steatosis

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Interactions Between Temperature and Sugars in the Regulation of leaf Senescence in the Perennial Herb Arabis alpina l.

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第8期54卷 595-605页

作者： Astrid Wingler emma Josefine Stangberg Triambak Saxena Rupal Mistry Research Department of Genetics Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Annual plants usually flower and set seed once before senescence results in the death of the whole plant （monocarpic senescence）. leaf senescence also occurs in polycarpic perennials; even in ＂evergreen＂ species individual leaves senesce. In the annual model Arabidopsis thaliana sugars accumulate in the senescent leaves and senescence is accelerated by high sugar availability. Similar to A. thaliana, sugar contents increased with leaf age in the perennial Arabis alpina grown under warm conditions （22℃ day/18 night）. At 5℃, sugar contents in non-senescent leaves were higher than at a warm temperature, but dependent on the accession, either sugars did not accumulate or their contents decreased in old leaves. In A. alpina plants grown in their natural habitat in the Alps, sugar contents declined with leaf age. Growth at a cold temperature slightly delayed senescence in A. alpina. In both warm and cold conditions, an external glucose supply accelerated senescence, but natural variation was found in this response. In conclusion, sugar accumulation under warm conditions could accelerate leaf senescence in A. alpina plants, but genotype-specific responses and interactions with growth temperature are likely to influence senescence under natural conditions.

关键词： Perennial polycarpic senescence sugar signaling.

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Nickel,lead and Zinc Sorption in a Reclaimed Settling Pond Soil

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 39-48页

作者： Veronica ASENSIO Ruben FORJAN Flora Alonso VEGA emma Fernandez COVElO Department of Plant Biology and Soil Science Faculty of BiologyUniversity of VigoAs Lagoas-Marcosende36310 VigoPon-tevedra(Spain) Department Of Plant Nutrition University of Sdo Paulo-Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture(USP-CENA)134 00-970 Piracica-ba-SP(Brazil)

The wastes used to amend soils sometimes have high concentrations of metals such as nickel(Ni), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn). To determine the capacity of soils to retain these metals, the sorption capacities of different mine soils with and without reclamation treatments(tree vegetation and waste amendment) for Ni, Pb and Zn in individual and competitive situations were evaluated using the batch sorption technique. The untreated settling pond soil had low capacity for Ni, Pb and Zn retention. The site amended with wastes(sewage sludges and paper mill residues) increased the sorption capacity most, probably because of the higher concentrations of soil components with high retention capacity such as carbon and clay fraction. No significant competition was observed between metals in the competitive sorption experiment, indicating that the maximum of sorption was not achieved by adding 0.5 mmol l^(-1) of metal. We can conclude that, despite the possible additions of Ni, Pb and Zn from wastes to degraded soils, sewage sludges and paper mill residues have a high sorption capacity that would prevent the metals from being in a mobile form.

关键词： metals mine soil retaining capacity tree vegetation waste amendment

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The Ornithodolite as a tool to quantify animal space use and habitat selection: a case study with birds diving in tidal waters

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 4-16页

作者： emma-louise COlE James J WAGGITT Anders HEDENSTROM Marco PIANO Mark D.HOlTON luca BÖRGER Emily l.C.SHEPARD Department of Biosciences Swansea UniversitySwanseaUK School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeUK Department of Biology Lund UniversityEcology BuildingSweden Centre for Applied Marine Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeUK

Animal-attached technologies can be powerful means to quantify space use and behavior;however,there are also ethical implications associated with capturing and instrumenting ***,tagging approaches are not necessarily well-suited for examining the movements of multiple individuals within specific,local areas of ***,we assess a method of quantifying animal space use based on a modified theodolite with an inbuilt laser *** a database of>4200 tracks of migrating birds,we show that detection distance in-creases with bird body mass(range 5 g to>10 kg).The maximum distance recorded to a bird was 5500 m and measurement error was≤5 m for targets within this distance range:a level comparable to methods such as GPS *** go on to present a case study where this method was used to assess habitat selection in seabirds operating in dynamic coastal waters close to a tidal *** positional data with outputs from a hydrographic model revealed that great cormorants(Phalacrocorax carbo)appeared to be highly selective of current characteristics in space and time,exploiting areas where mean current speeds werelent energy levels were *** birds also oriented into tidal currents during *** together,this suggests that collision risks are low for cormorants at this site,as the 2 conditions avoided by cormorants(high mean current speeds and turbulence levels)are associated with operational tidal ***-all,we suggest that this modified theodolite system is well-suited to the quantification of movement in small areas associated with particular development strategies,including sustainable energy devices.

关键词： GPS habitat use movement ecology seabird tidal turbine

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Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： emma M Coghill Timothy Johnson Russell E Morris Ian l Megson Stephen J leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral ***,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can *** most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural *** incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment *** antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm ***,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be *** review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation Spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

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