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4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomal cellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 61-75页

作者： Miguel Martinez-Calvo Sandra A.Bright emma B.Veale Adam F.Henwood D.Clive Williams Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute(TBSI) Trinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin 2Ireland School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute(TBSI) Trinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin 2Ireland Centro Singular de Investigacion en Quimica Bioloxica e Materiais Moleculares(CIQUS)and Departamento de Quimica Organica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rua Jenaro de la Fuente s/n15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain

Four new fluorescent sensors(1-4)based on the 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores(Naps)have been synthesized based on the classical fluorophore-spacer-receptor *** four compounds all gave rise to emission bands centred at ca.535 nm,which were found to be highly pH dependent,the emission being‘switched on’in acidic media,while being quenched due to PET from the amino moieties to the excited state of the Nap at more alkaline *** luminescent pH dependence for these probes was found to be highly dependent on the substitution on the imide site,as well as the polyamine chain attached to the position 4-amino *** the case of sensor 2 the presence of the 4-amino-aniline dominated the pH dependent ***,at higher pH,PET quenching was also found to occur from the polyamine ***,2 is better described as a receptor1-spacer1-fluorophore-spacer2-receptor2 system,where the dominant PET process is due to(normally less favourable)‘directional’PET quenching from the 4-amino-aniline unit to the Nap *** trends and pH fluorescence dependences were also seen for 3 and *** compounds were also tested for their imaging potential and toxicity against HeLa cells(using DRAQ5 as nuclear stain which does now show pH dependent changes in acidic and neutral pH)and the results demonstrated that these compounds have reduced cellular viability at moderately high concentrations(with IC50 values between ca.8-30μmol?L^?1),but were found to be suitable for intracellular pH determination at 1μmol?L^?1 concentrations,where no real toxicity was *** allowed us to employ these as lysosomal probes at sub-toxic concentrations,where the Nap based emission was found to be pH depended,mirroring that seen in aqueous solution for 1-4,with the main fluorescence changes occurring within acidic to neutral pH.

关键词： sensors pH photoinduced electron transfer cellular imaging confocal microscopy

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Novel hybrid biocomposites for tendon grafts:The addition of silk to polydioxanone and poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)enhances material properties,in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第7期25卷 291-306页

作者： Behzad Shiroud Heidari emma Muiños Lopez emma Harrington Rui Ruan Peilin Chen Seyed Mohammad Davachi Benjamin Allardyce Rangam Rajkhowa Rodney Dilley Froilán Granero-Moltó Elena M.De-Juan-Pardo Minghao Zheng Barry Doyle Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research QEII Medical CentreNedlands and the UWA Centre for Medical ResearchThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia School of Engineering The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies Australia Cell Therapy Area Centro de Investigaci´on M´edica AplicadaIDISNAUniversidad de NavarraPamplonaSpain Centre for Orthopaedic Research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International UniversityLaredoTXUSA Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC3216Australia Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science NedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia

Biopolymers play a critical role as scaffolds used in tendon and ligament(TL)*** advanced biopolymer materials have been proposed with optimised mechanical properties,biocompatibility,degradation,and processability,it is still challenging to find the right balance between these ***,we aim to develop novel hybrid biocomposites based on poly(p-dioxanone)(PDO),poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)(LCL)and silk to produce high-performance grafts suitable for TL tissue *** containing 1-15%of silk were studied through a range of characterisation *** then explored biocompatibility through in vitro and in vivo studies using a mouse *** found that adding up to 5%silk increases the tensile properties,degradation rate and miscibility between PDO and LCL phases without agglomeration of silk inside the ***,addition of silk increases surface roughness and *** vitro experiments show that the silk improved attachment of tendon-derived stem cells and proliferation over 72 h,while in vivo studies indicate that the silk can reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines after six weeks of ***,we selected a promising biocomposite and created a prototype TL graft based on extruded *** found that the tensile properties of both individual fibres and braided grafts could be suitable for anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)repair applications.

关键词： Biocomposite Tendon graft Silk Fibre extrusion Biodegradable scaffolds Anterior cruciate ligament

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Methane cracking in molten tin for hydrogen and carbon production—a comparison with homogeneous gas phase process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 155-166页

作者： emmanuel Busillo Benedetta de Caprariis Maria Paola Bracciale Vittoria Cosentino Martina Damizia Gaetano Iaquaniello emma Palo Paolo De Filippis Chemical Engineering Department Sapienza University of RomeRome 00184Italy NextChem S.p.A. Rome 00156Italy

Methane cracking is considered a bridge technology between gray and green hydrogen production *** this work an experimental study of methane cracking in molten tin is *** tests were conducted in a quartz reactor(i.d.=1.5 cm,L=20 cm)with capillary injection,varying temperature(950–1070℃),inlet methane flow rate(30–60 mL·min^(-1))and tin height(0–20 cm).The influence of the residence time in the tin and in the headspace on methane conversion and on carbon morphology was *** conversions obtained in tin and in the empty reactor were measured and compared with results of detailed kinetic simulations(CRECK).Furthermore,an expression of a global kinetic constant for methane conversion in tin was also *** highest conversion(65%at Q_(0)=30 mL·min^(-1) and t=1070℃)is obtained for homogeneous gas phase reaction due to the long residence time(70 s),the presence of tin leads to a sharp decrease of residence time(1 s),obtaining a conversion of 35%at 1070℃,thus meaning that tin owns a role in the *** characterization(scanning electron microscopy,Raman)reported a change in carbon toward sheet-like structures and an increase of the carbon structural order in the presence of molten tin media.

关键词： methane cracking molten media H2 production carbon morphology

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Climate Change:Losing Ground?

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Engineering 2019年第4期5卷 600-602页

作者： emma Hiolski Senior Technology Writer

Climate change carries with it the prediction of warming global temperatures and increasingly variable weather,plus associated detrimental impacts around the *** from 2018,and the events of that year,continue to support this *** the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)and the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)identified 2018 as the fourth hottest year on record(Fig.1)[1,2].In addition,despite world-wide efforts undertaken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in 2018 reached a historic high[3].On 11 May 2019,the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere surpassed 415 parts per million for the first time in at least 800 000 years[4].

关键词： prediction. greenhouse weather

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The Representation of Soil Moisture−Atmosphere Feedbacks across the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP6

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 2063-2081页

作者： Joshua TALIB Omar V.MÜLLER emma J.BARTON Christopher M.TAYLOR Pier Luigi VIDALE U.K.Centre of Ecology and Hydrology WallingfordOX108BBU.K. National Centre for Atmospheric Science ReadingRG66BBU.K. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático(CEVARCAM)Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias HídricasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeArgentina National Centre for Earth Observation WallingfordOX108BBU.K. Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingRG66BBU.K.

Thermal processes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)influence atmospheric conditions on regional and global *** this,previous work has shown that soil moisture−driven surface flux variations feed back onto the *** soil moisture is a source of atmospheric predictability,no study has evaluated soil moisture−atmosphere coupling on the TP in general circulation models(GCMs).In this study,we use several analysis techniques to assess soil moisture−atmosphere coupling in CMIP6 simulations including:instantaneous coupling indices;analysis of flux and atmospheric behaviour during dry spells;and a quantification of the preference for convection over drier *** these metrics we partition feedbacks into their atmospheric and terrestrial *** with previous global studies,we conclude substantial inter-model differences in the representation of soil moisture−atmosphere coupling,and that most models underestimate such *** on dry spell analysis,most models underestimate increased sensible heat during periods of rainfall *** example,the model-mean bias in anomalous sensible heat flux is 10 W m−2(≈25%)smaller compared to *** dry-spell sensible heat fluxes lead to a weaker atmospheric *** also find that most GCMs fail to capture the negative feedback between soil moisture and deep *** poor simulation of feedbacks in CMIP6 experiments suggests that forecast models also struggle to exploit soil moisture−driven *** improve the representation of land−atmosphere feedbacks requires developments in not only atmospheric modelling,but also surface processes,as we find weak relationships between rainfall biases and coupling indexes.

关键词： model evaluation land-atmosphere feedbacks Tibetan Plateau precipitation surface energy balance

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Mapping the kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction on Ag via pseudo-single-crystal scanning electrochemical cell microscopy

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2022年第12期43卷 3170-3176页

作者： Yufei Wang Mingyang Li emma Gordon Hang Ren Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin105 E 24th StAustinTX 78712United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Miami University651 E.High St.OxfordOH 45056United States

Elucidating the structure-activity relationship in electrocatalysis is of fundamental interest for electrochemical energy conversion and ***,the heterogeneity in the surface structure of electrocatalysts,including the presence of various facets,poses an analytical challenge in revealing the true structure-activity relationship because the activity is conventionally measured on ensemble,resulting in an averaged activity that cannot be unequivocally associated with a single structural *** electrochemical cell microscopy(SECCM)[1]combined with colocalized electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)offers a direct way to reveal the correlative local electrochemical and structural ***,we measured the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity on Ag and its dependence on the crystal *** the combined EBSD and SECCM mapping,it is found that Ag grains closer to{111}show a higher exchange current density,while those closer to{110}show a lower Tafel *** Tafel slope is also found to decrease with the step density *** ability to measure the electrocatalytic activity under a high mass-transfer rate allows us to reveal the activity difference at a high current density(up to 200 mA/cm^(2)).The approach reported here can be expanded to other systems to reveal the nature of active sites of electrocatalysis.

关键词： Kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction Ag Pseudo-single-crystal Scanning electrochemical cell microscopy

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MATCHMAKER,MATCHMAKER Can't find ‘the one?’ Your parents will

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2015年第4期 14-15页

作者： emma GUO 不详

Marriage:a joining of two people-and their *** most unions,parents view meeting a prospective spouse for their son or daughter as hugely important and necessary before the ***,this happens later in the ***,the ever-qu... 详细信息

关键词： daughter happen MAKE

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Ventilation strategies in burn intensive care:A retrospective observational study

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Burns & Trauma 2014年第1期2卷 29-35页

作者： Stefano Palazzo emma James-Veldsman Caroline Wall Michelle Hayes Marcela Vizcaychipi Magill Department of Anaesthesia Intensive Care Medicine and Pain ManagementChelsea and Westminster HospitalLondonUK

Consensus regarding optimal burns intensive care(BICU)patient management is *** study aimed to assess whether ventilation strategies,cardiovascular support and sedation in BICU patients have changed over time,and whether this affects outcome.A retrospective observational study comparing two 12-patient BICU cohorts(2005/06 and 2010/11)was *** and admission characteristics,ventilation parameters,sedation,fluid resuscitation,cardiovascular support and outcome(length of stay,mortality)data were collected from patient *** was analysed using T-tests,Fisher’s exact and Mann-Whitney U *** our study cohort groups were equivalent in demographic and admission *** were equal ventilator-free days in the two cohorts 10±12.7 vs.13.3±12.2 ventilator free days;(P=0.447).The 2005/06 cohort were mechanically ventilated more often than in 2010/11 cohort(568 ventilator days/1000 patient BICU days vs.206 ventilator days/1000 patient BICU days;P=0.001).The 2005/06 cohort were ventilated less commonly in tracheostomy group/endotracheal tube spontaneous(17.8%vs.26%;P=0.001)and volumecontrolled modes(34.4%vs.40.8%;P=0.001).Patients in 2010/11 cohort were more heavily sedated(P=0.001)with more long-acting sedative drug use(P=0.001)than the 2005/06 cohort,fluid administration was *** outcome did not *** injury patients were ventilated in volume-controlled(44.5%vs.28.1%;P=0.001)and pressure-controlled modes(18.2%vs.9.5%;P=0.001)more frequently than those *** did not *** study showed there has been shift away from mechanical ventilation,with increased use of tracheostomy/tracheal tube airway spontaneous *** injury patients require more ventilatory support though patient outcomes do not *** trials are required to establish which strategies confer benefit.

关键词： Burns intensive care ventilation inhalation injury

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LES MISERABLES Chinese beggars recount how they came to the streets

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城市漫步（GBA版） 2015年第1期 10-11页

作者： emma GUO 不详

At 12pm on a Monday,Dongnien in Shenzhen is packed with people.A gray-haired woman in an ill-fitting dark blue coat,black trousers and shabby cloth shoes carries a bag on her shoulder and an empty plastic cup in her *... 详细信息

关键词： black packed passing

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Great Apes Found to Be Rich in Culture

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当代外语研究 2006年第4期 9-,6页

作者： emma Marris 温晴

人类会思考,能够创造文化,这是其它动物无可比拟的特性。然而, 科学家发现,猿猴不仅聪明伶俐,会使用工具,而且有着令人惊奇的思想,它们发展了40多种文化行为,并将其世代相传,比如通过拍手来邀请同伴玩耍。不过,各个群体的猿猴行为有所... 详细信息

人类会思考,能够创造文化,这是其它动物无可比拟的特性。然而, 科学家发现,猿猴不仅聪明伶俐,会使用工具,而且有着令人惊奇的思想,它们发展了40多种文化行为,并将其世代相传,比如通过拍手来邀请同伴玩耍。不过,各个群体的猿猴行为有所不同。该发现将有助于了解人类文化演变的奥秘。

关键词：人类造文化文化行为使用工具发现科学家文化演变思考动物特性

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