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Methane cracking in molten tin for hydrogen and carbon production—a comparison with homogeneous gas phase process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 155-166页

作者： emmanuel busillo benedetta de Caprariis Maria Paola bracciale Vittoria Cosentino Martina Damizia Gaetano Iaquaniello emma Palo Paolo De Filippis Chemical Engineering Department Sapienza University of RomeRome 00184Italy NextChem S.p.A. Rome 00156Italy

Methane cracking is considered a bridge technology between gray and green hydrogen production *** this work an experimental study of methane cracking in molten tin is *** tests were conducted in a quartz reactor(i.d.=1.5 cm,l=20 cm)with capillary injection,varying temperature(950–1070℃),inlet methane flow rate(30–60 ml·min^(-1))and tin height(0–20 cm).The influence of the residence time in the tin and in the headspace on methane conversion and on carbon morphology was *** conversions obtained in tin and in the empty reactor were measured and compared with results of detailed kinetic simulations(CRECK).Furthermore,an expression of a global kinetic constant for methane conversion in tin was also *** highest conversion(65%at Q_(0)=30 ml·min^(-1) and t=1070℃)is obtained for homogeneous gas phase reaction due to the long residence time(70 s),the presence of tin leads to a sharp decrease of residence time(1 s),obtaining a conversion of 35%at 1070℃,thus meaning that tin owns a role in the *** characterization(scanning electron microscopy,Raman)reported a change in carbon toward sheet-like structures and an increase of the carbon structural order in the presence of molten tin media.

关键词： methane cracking molten media H2 production carbon morphology

On a Generalized Centralizer Ring of a Finite Group Which Det ermines the Group

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Algebra Colloquium 2019年第1期26卷 31-50页

作者： emma l. Rode Department of Mathematics Southern Utah University Cedar City UT 84720 USA

The k-characters are class functions on subsets of G^k called the k-classes of G. For a finite group G, the k-class sums form a basis for a subring of CG^k, which we call the k-S-ring of G、and we think of these rings as generalized centralizer rings. We show that for a finite group G the 3-S-ring determines G. More specifically, the group characters and set products of certain 3-classes of G, which we call “uniform 3-classes", determine G.

关键词： S-ring fc-class centralizer ring

Evaluation of a complex couplet care intervention in a neonatal intensive care unit:A mixed methods study protocol

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第2期8卷 139-148页

作者： Michella bjerregaard Anna Axelin emma louise Malchau Carlsen Hans Okkels birk Ingrid Poulsen Patrick Palisz Thomas Kallemose Anne brødsgaard Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Amager HvidovreHvidovreDenmark Department of Public Health Faculty of HealthResearch Unit for Nursing and HealthcareUniversity of AarhusAarhusDenmark Department of Nursing Science University of TurkuTurkuFinland Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Public Health Section of Health Service ResearchUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of People and Technology Roskilde UniversityRoskildeDenmark Department of Clinical Research Copenhagen University Hospital Amager HvidovreHvidovreDenmark Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Copenhagen University Hospital Amager HvidovreHvidovreDenmark

background:Families with an infant in need of intensive care most often experience a harmful separation after *** is due to a division of medical specialties into neonatal care and maternal ***,a couplet care intervention is implemented for mother-infant dyads in a neonatal intensive care *** study protocol provides a comprehensive evaluation of the *** aim is to evaluate the effect and implementation of a complex couplet care intervention to promote zero separation between mother and ***:The couplet care intervention is a family-centered model of care,where treatment-requiring mother-infant dyads will be admitted together and receive couplet care by neonatal *** study adheres to the framework of the Medical Research Council and will use a mixed methods embedded design comprising a quasi-experimental trial and a qualitative process ***,a health economic evaluation will be conducted to assess the cost-effectiveness of this complex couplet care ***:Separation of mother-infant dyads after birth has an adverse impact on family health and *** study protocol evaluates a complex couplet care *** this study,a first step is taken to help bridge the gap between current practices and a new care model to prevent the separation of mothers and their infants.

关键词： Complex interventions Couplet care Family-centered care Neonatology Zero separation

Synaptopathy in CHMP2b frontotemporal dementia highlights the synaptic vesicle cycle as a therapeutic target

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 315-316页

作者： Miranda Robbins emma l.Clayton MRC laboratory of Molecular biology Department of Zoology University of CambridgeCambridgeUK UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College london Department of basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteLondonUK

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(AlS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD)are both devastating neurodegenerative *** affecting different regions of the nervous system(FTD affecting primarily the frontal and temporal lobes,whilst AlS presents with motor neuron loss),there is significant overlap between these conditions in terms of genetics,pathology,and disease mechanisms,and they are therefore often grouped as a spectrum of symptoms under the heading FTD/AlS(Abramzon et al.,2020).Significantly,there is currently no cure for AlS or ***,recent mechanistic insight points to a novel pathway to target for potential therapeutic intervention.

关键词： therapeutic pathology

Association between fundamental motor skills and physical activity in the early years:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 542-552页

作者： Dan Jones Alison Innerd emma l.Giles liane b.Azevedo School of Health and life Sciences Teesside UniversityMiddlesbrough TS13BXUK

background:Physical activity(PA)in the early years is associated with a range of positive health *** motor skill(FMS)competence is associated with PA and is theorized to be driven by PA in the early years and vice versa in mid to late ***,to date,no studies have meta-analyzed the association between PA and FMS in the early ***:Six electronic databases were searched for articles published up to April ***-sectional and longitudinal studies were included if they targeted children(ages 3-6 year)as the population of the study and assessed the association between objectively measured PA and *** FMS,total physical activity(TPA),and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)data were meta-analyzed using a random effects ***:We identified 24,815 titles and *** total,19 studies met the inclusion criteria,including 14 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal studies,as well as 1 study with cross-sectional and longitudinal *** was a significant but small positive association between FMS and MVPA(r=0.20,95%confidence interval(CI):0.13-0.26)and TPA(r=0.20,95%CI:0.12-0.28).Findings from longitudinal studies revealed that PA drives FMS in early *** was explored in 1 study,which found that perceived motor competence did not mediate the association between FMS and ***:Using a meta-analysis,this study is the first to show a positive association between FMS,MVPA,and TPA in the early years of childhood,suggesting that the association begins at an early *** evidence from longitudinal studies supports the theory that PA drives FMS in the early years of *** evidence is needed from large studies to track PA and FMS until mid to late childhood and to explore the mediators of this association.

关键词： Early years Fundamental motor skills Physical activity

Does the scent of a potential mate prevent the resorption of oocytes by apoptosis in Nauphoeta cinerea？

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Insect Science 2009年第5期16卷 393-398页

作者： emma l. b. barrett Allen J. Moore Patricia J. Moore Centre for Ecology and Conservation School of Biosciences University of Exeter Cornwall Campus Penryn Cornwall UK

We expect organisms to have evolved mechanisms to gather and use the information available within their environments, to steer resource investment decisions toward the traits that will give the greatest fitness returns. Pheromones are social signals, a common purpose of which is to act as indicators of mate presence. Consequently, pheromones have the potential to act as signals to increase or maintain reproductive investment over that of competing life-history traits. In the cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea （Oliver）, females pay costs of maintaining investment in reproduction when there are no males, and males produce pheromones that are known to effect female reproductive outcomes. Whether the pheromones have an influence on resource physiology is unknown. We subjected newly eclosed females to either a synthetic blend of male pheromones or control. We dissected females at 7, 12, 17 or 22 days. We measured apoptosis levels and size of all oocytes within the vitellerium, and measured dry fat body mass. Synthetic male pheromone blend did not have an effect on any measure of female reproductive or somatic resource physiology. Although negative results are always problematic, the success of the synthetic pheromone method in the past suggests that females may be insensitive to male pheromones in the pre-oviposition period, and may rely on mating stimulus rather than pheromone as the cue for oocyte maintenance and growth. Previous studies reporting effects of male pheromones on female reproduction suggest that the period of pheromone sensitivity may be between mating and birth.

关键词： apoptosis environment oocyte ovary pheromone predictable trade-off

Review of primary sclerosing cholangitis with increased IgG4 levels

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第23期26卷 3126-3144页

作者： Charis D Manganis Roger W Chapman emma l Culver Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Oxford NIHR biomedical Research Centre John Radcliffe HospitalOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a chronic progressive liver disease. Subtypes of PSC have been described, most recently PSC with elevated serum and/or tissue IgG4 subclass. We aim to summarise the clinical phenotype,disease associations, differential diagnosis, response to therapy and pathogenic mechanisms underlying PSC-high IgG4 subtype. We reviewed Pub Med,MEDlINE and Embase with the search terms "primary sclerosing cholangitis","IgG4", and "IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis(IgG4-SC)". Elevated serum IgG4 are found in up-to one-quarter, and abundant IgG4-plasma cell infiltrates in the liver and bile ducts are found in up-to one-fifth of PSC patients. This group have a distinct clinical phenotype, with some studies reporting a more aggressive course of liver and associated inflammatory bowel disease, compared to PSCnormal IgG4 and the disease mimic IgG4-SC. Distinguishing PSC-high IgG4 from IgG4-SC remains challenging, requiring careful assessment of clinical features,organ involvement and tissue morphology. Calculation of serum IgG4:IgG1 ratios and use of a novel IgG4:IgG RNA ratio have been reported to have excellent specificity to distinguish IgG4-SC and PSC-high IgG4 but require validation in larger cohorts. A role for corticosteroid therapy in PSC-high IgG4 remains unanswered, with concerns of increased toxicity and lack of outcome data. The immunological drivers underlying prominent IgG4 antibodies in PSC are incompletely defined. An association with PSC-high IgG4 and HlA class-II haplotypes(b*07, DRb1*15), T-helper2 and T-regulatory cytokines(Il4, Il10,Il13) and chemokines(CCl1, CCR8) have been described. PSC-high IgG4 have a distinct clinical phenotype and need careful discrimination from IgG4-SC,although response to immunosuppressive treatments and long-term outcome remains unresolved. The presence of IgG4 likely represents chronic activation to persistent antigenic exposure in genetically predisposed individuals.

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis IgG4 IgG4-related disease IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis

Enabling Technologies for Autonomous Robotic Systems in Manufacturing

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2024年第4期41卷 403-431页

作者： ERDŐS Gábor AbAI Kristóf bEREGI Richárd CSEMPESZ János CSERTEG Tamás GODÓGábor HAJÓS Mátyás HÁY borbála HORVÁTH Dániel HORVÁTH Gergely JUNIKIÁdám KEMÉNY Zsolt KOVÁCS András NACSA János PANITI Imre PEDONE Gianfranco TAKÁCS emma TIPARY bence ZAHORÁN lászló VÁNCZA József Institute for Computer Science and Control Hungarian Research Network(HUN-REN SZTAKI)BudapestHungary Department of Manufacturing Science and Technology Budapest University of Technology and Economics(BME)BudapestHungary EPIC Innolabs Nonprofit ltd. BudapestHungary Eötvös loránd University(ElTE) BudapestHungary

Research of autonomous manufacturing systems is motivated both by the new technical possibilities of cyber-physical systems and by the practical needs of the *** operation in semi-structured industrial environments can now be supported by advanced sensor technologies,digital twins,artificial intelligence and novel communication *** enable real-time monitoring of production processes,situation recognition and prediction,automated and adaptive(re)planning,teamwork and performance improvement by *** paper summarizes the main requirements towards autonomous industrial robotics and suggests a generic workflow for realizing such *** case studies will be presented from recent practice at HUN-REN SZTAKI in a broad range of domains such as assembly,welding,grinding,picking and placing,and *** various solutions have in common that they use a generic digital twin concept as their *** making general recommendations for realizing autonomous robotic solutions in the industry,open issues for future research will be discussed.

关键词： industrial robotics autonomy digital twin enabling technology

An assessment of African lion Panthera leo sociality via social network analysis： prerelease monitoring for an ex situ reintroduction program

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 301-311页

作者： emma J. DUNSTON Jackie AbEl Rebecca E. DOYlE Jacqui KIRK Victoria b. HIllEY Andrew FORSYTH emma JENKINS Rafael FREIRE School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga NSW 2678 Australia Social and Conservation Psycology Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB UK African lion & Environmental Research Trust Melrose Farm Livingstone 23345 Zambia Animal Welfare Science Centre The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia African lion & Environmental Research Trust Antelope Park Gweru Midlands Zimbabwe Siyafunda The Greater Makalali Private Game Reserve Harmony 27 Hoedspruit 0895 South Africa

The wild population of the African lion Panthera leo continues to decline, requiring alternate conservation programs to be considered. One such program is ex situ reintroduction. Prior to release, longterm monitoring and assessment of behavior is required to determine whether prides and coalitions behave naturally and are sufficiently adapted to a wild environment. Social network analysis （SNA） can be used to provide insight into how the pride as a whole and individuals within it, function. Our study was conducted upon 2 captive-origin prides who are part of an ex situ reintroduction program, and 1 wild pride of African lion. Social interactions were collected at all occurrence for each pride and categorized into greet, social grooming, play, and aggression. betweenness centrality showed that offspring in each pride were central to the play network, whereas degree indicated that adults received （indegree） the greatest number of overall social interactions, and the adult males of each pride were least likely to initiate （outdegree） any interactions. Through the assessment of individual centrality and degree values, a social keystone adult female was identified for each pride. Social network results indicated that the 2 captive-origin prides had formed cohesive social units and possessed relationships and behaviors comparable with the wild pride for the studied behaviors. This study provided the first SNA comparison between captive-bred origin and a wild pride of lions, providing valuable information on individual and pride sociality, critical for determining the success of prides within an ex situ reintroduction program.

关键词： African lion Panthera leo conservation ex situ reintroduction social interactions.