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Extreme Weather Disruptions and Emergency Preparedness Among Older Adults in Ohio: An Eight-county Assessment

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 213-225页

作者： Smitha Rao Fiona c.Doherty Anthony Traver Marisa Sheldon emma Sakulich Holly Dabelko‑Schoeny college of Social Work The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Age Friendly Innovation center College of Social WorkThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA college of Public Health The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

The disproportionate risks and impacts of climate change and extreme weather on older adults are increasingly evident. While especially true in disaster-prone areas, human-caused climate change introduces an element of uncertainty even in previously identified “safe” regions such as the Midwestern United States. Using a cumulative disadvantage and vulnerability-informed framework and descriptive statistics from multiple data sources, this article provides an overview of climate impacts, vulnerabilities, and county-level characteristics, focusing on older adults living in central Ohio. A comparative multiple-case study methodology was used to triangulate regionally representative primary and secondary data sources to examine state and county-level measures of vulnerability, emergency preparedness, and disruptions caused by extreme weather among older adults across eight counties in central Ohio. Seventy-eight percent of older adults in the sample reported being prepared for emergencies per Federal Emergency Management Agency guidelines. Older adults in Union county reported the highest rates of preparedness, while those in Fayette county reported the lowest. county-level rates of disruption of life activities by extreme weather ranged widely. Among the most rural in the region, Fayette county emerged as uniquely disadvantaged, with the lowest median income, the most vulnerable across multiple social vulnerability dimensions, and the most reported disruptions to life activities from extreme weather. county profiles offer a snapshot of existing vulnerabilities, socioeconomic conditions, special needs, preparedness, and current disruptions among older adults in the region and can inform resource mobilization across community and policy contexts.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Extreme weather Midwestern United States Older adults Regional assessment Social vulnerability

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乳腺癌新辅助化疗的再思考

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第11期21卷 633-636页

作者： Jayant S Vaidya Samuele Massarut Hrisheekesh J Vaidya emma c alexander Thomas Richards Jochem A caris Bhawna Sirohi Jeffrey S Tobias 程琳(译) 陈雷(校) Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College LondonLondonUK 北京大学人民医院肝胆外科 Department of Surgery Whittington HospitalRoyal Free Hospital and University College London HospitalLondonUK centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano AvianoItaly Impeerial college School of Medicine Imperial College LondonLondonUK GKT School of Medical Education King's College LondonLondonUK Department of clinical Oncology University College London HospitalLondonUK Department of Surgery Whittington HospitalLondonUK Department of Medical Oncology Barts Heahh NHS TrustLondonUK 北京大学人民医院乳腺外科

质疑乳腺癌新辅助化疗合理性的证据逐渐增多,Jayant Vaidya和同事们认为必须对当下的治疗方案进行再思考。乳腺癌是世界范围内女性最常见的恶性肿瘤。2014年英国有55000名女性被诊断为乳腺癌,其中11000名死于该疾病。早期乳腺癌传统上... 详细信息

质疑乳腺癌新辅助化疗合理性的证据逐渐增多,Jayant Vaidya和同事们认为必须对当下的治疗方案进行再思考。乳腺癌是世界范围内女性最常见的恶性肿瘤。2014年英国有55000名女性被诊断为乳腺癌,其中11000名死于该疾病。早期乳腺癌传统上会应用手术、联合放疗以及必要时辅助系统药物治疗的综合治疗模式。

关键词：早期乳腺癌化疗治疗方案恶性肿瘤世界范围综合治疗药物治疗辅助系统

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Enhancing 3D Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi christian J.cyron Roland c.Aydin Martin Ritter Institute for continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of *** approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current *** artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of *** treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3D reconstruction FIB tomography

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Personalized treatment approaches in intraocular cancer

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第3期4卷 112-119页

作者： Yating Liu alexander c.Rokohl Yongwei Guo Ke Yao Wanlin Fan Ludwig M.Heindl Department of Ophthalmology University of CologneFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneCologneGermany center for Integrated Oncology(cIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-DuesseldorfCologneGermany Eye center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Background:Intraocular malignant tumors represent a severe disease that threatens vision as well as *** better extend the life of the patient,preserve visual function,and maintain ocular aesthetics,selecting the appropriate timing and methods of treatment becomes *** text:With the continuous advancement of medical technology,the techniques and methods for treating intraocular malignant tumors are constantly *** surgery was once considered the optimal method to prolong patient survival and prevent local recurrence,the discovery and application of various treatments such as radiotherapy,laser therapy,chemotherapy,cryotherapy,and monoclonal antibodies have led to a greater di-versity of treatment *** diversity offers more possibilities to develop personalized treatment plans,and thereby maximize patient *** article reviews the various treatment methods for intraocular malignant tumors,including indications for treatment,outcomes,and potential ***:Differentiating small intraocular malignant tumors from pigmented lesions is challenging,and ongoing monitoring with regular follow-up is *** to medium-sized tumors can be treated with radiotherapy combined with transpupillary *** on the tumor's distance from the optic disc,surgery with partial resection may be considered for distant tumors,while proximal tumors may require complete *** chemotherapy has been widely applied to patients with retinal tumors,lym-phomas,and intraocular metastatic cancers,but has limited efficacy in patients with choroidal ***-tagonists of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor(Anti-VEGF)drugs can improve patient vision and quality of life,while the efficacy of immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy is still under research.

关键词： Intraocular cancer Uveal melanoma Retinoblastoma Treatment

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Personalized treatment concepts in extraocular cancer

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第2期4卷 69-77页

作者： Sitong Ju alexander c.Rokohl Yongwei Guo Ke Yao Wanlin Fan Ludwig M.Heindl Department of Ophthalmology University of CologneFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneKerpener StraßeCologneGermany center for Integrated Oncology(cIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-DuesseldorfCologneGermany Eye center the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Background:The periocular skin is neoplasms-prone to various benign and *** malignancies are more aggressive and challenging to cure and repair than those in other skin *** recent decades,immuno-therapy has significantly advanced oncology,allowing the autoimmune system to target and destroy malignant *** malignancies,especially periocular tumors,are particularly sensitive to *** tech-nique has dramatically impacted the successful treatment of challenging *** text:Extraocular cancers,including eyelid(basal cell carcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma,melanoma,merkel cell carcinoma),conjunctival tumors(conjunctival melanoma,ocular surface squamous neoplasia)and other rare tumors,are unique and challenging clinical *** genetic alterations associated with the pathogenesis of these diseases have been identified,and molecular mechanism are essential for the development of the immunotherapy agents,such as Hedgehog pathway inhibitors(vismodegib and sonidegib)for basal cell carcinoma,BRAF/MEK inhibitors(vemurafenib,dabrafenib,and encorafenib)for melanoma,and immune checkpoint inhibitors(Avelumab,pembrolizumab)for Merkel cell ***:The optimal treatment for periocular skin cancer depends on the type and size of the tumor and whether it involves orbital and adnexal *** and neoadjuvant therapy with chemotherapy-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors should be considered based on tumor type,tumor molec-ular profile,expected response rate,and candidacy for systemic treatment.

关键词： Periocular malignancy Eyelid conjunctiva tumor Immunotherapy Neoadjuvant therapy

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Global incidence and prevalence of malignant orbital tumors

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第3期4卷 128-133页

作者： Weina Zhang alexander c.Rokohl Yongwei Guo Ke Yao Wanlin Fan Ludwig M.Heindl Department of Ophthalmology University of CologneFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneCologneGermany center for Integrated Oncology(cIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-DuesseldorfCologneGermany Eye center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Purpose:Aims to provide an overview of the contemporary epidemiology of malignant orbital tumors by analyzing population-based incidence patterns across various regions ***:In this article,we retrieved orbital malignancy data from the MEDLINE database and analyzed the incidence and prevalence of orbital malignancies *** performed the literature search by searching on the Mesh terms for malignant orbital tumors("orbital","tumor","lymphoma","malignant","cancer","incidence",and"epidemiology").All included studies were published between 1993 and 2023 and were written in ***:Ocular or ophthalmic lymphoma most frequently occurred in the orbit,with a prevalence ranging from 47%to 54%.The incidence of malignant orbital tumors was increasing in the USA 2.0 per million(1981–1993),Netherlands(0.86(1981–1985)to 2.49(2001–2005)per million)and South Korea(0.3–0.8 per million(1999–2016)),*** lymphoma which includes orbit lymphoma was increasing in canada(0.17–1.47 per million(1992–2010)),Denmark(0.86 per million(1981–1985)to 2.49 per million(2001–2005)),***:The predominant primary malignant orbital tumor in adults was *** or ophthalmic lymphoma most frequently occured in the *** limited data available suggested an increasing trend in the incidence of malignant orbital tumors in each country included,which were mainly attributed to the increase in ***,incidence rates were found to increase with advancing age,with no difference between males and females.

关键词： Orbital tumor Lymphoma Malignant Incidence Epidemiology

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第2期4卷 98-105页

作者： Xiaojun Ju alexander c.Rokohl Xueting Li Yongwei Guo Ke Yao Wanlin Fan Ludwig M.Heindl Department of Ophthalmology University of CologneFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneCologneGermany center for Integrated Oncology(cIO) Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-DuesseldorfCologneGermany Eye center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesZhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye DiseasesHangzhouZhejiangChina

Purpose:To explore the role of ultraviolet radiation(UVR)in the occurrence and development of various ocular ***:In this article,we retrieved ocular malignancy data from the Global cancer Observatory(GcO)and performed correlation analysis with the global UV index and sunshine *** searched for associated studies using the following databases:Embase,Pubmed,cochrane Library,and Google *** conducted the literature by searching the Mesh terms denoting an exposure of interest("UV radiation","ultraviolet rays",and"ocular malignancies"),All studies included are published until December 30,2023 without language ***:The mechanisms and epidemiological statistics of UVR on the onset and progression of eyelid malig-nancies are the most studied and *** role of UVR in conjunctival melanoma is similar to that in eyelid *** relationship between uveal melanoma and UVR is controversial,however,it may have at least a certain impact on its *** causes ocular surface squamous neoplasia by further activating HPV ***:UVR is a decisive risk factor for ocular malignancies,but the incidence of ultraviolet-induced tumors is also affected by many other factors.A correct and comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of UVR in the pathogenesis of ocular malignant tumors can provide patients with more effective and selective immune regulation strategies.

关键词： Ultraviolet radiation Eyelid malignancies conjunctival melanoma Uveal melanoma Ocular surface squamous neoplasia

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Modular-integrative modeling: a new framework for building brain models that blend biological realism and functional performance

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 13-16页

作者： Mario Senden Sacha J.van Albada Giovanni Pezzulo Egidio Falotico Ibrahim Hashim alexander Kroner Anno c.Kurth Pablo Lanillos Vaishnavi Narayanan cyriel Pennartz Mihai A.Petrovici Lea Steffen Tonio Weidler Rainer Goebel Department of cognitive Neuroscience Maastricht University Maastricht Brain Imaging centre Maastricht University Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine(INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation(IAS-6) and JARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships(INM-10) Jülich Research Center Institute of Zoology University of Cologne Institute of cognitive Sciences and Technologies The Bio Robotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna RWTH Aachen University Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and BehaviorRadboud University cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Group Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Department of Physiology University of Bern FZI Research center of Information Technology

To cope with the immense complexity of the brain, neuroscientific research often focuses on isolated brain structures or circumscribed perceptual, cognitive or motor functions [1]. This reductionist approach overlooks the intricate and multifaceted interplay among various structural and functional *** instance, even simple movements require the coordinated activation of numerous neuronal populations across multiple brain regions [2].

关键词： WORLD SURVEY PROJEcTS

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Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients:A comparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： alexander A Fokin Joanna Wycech Knight Madison E Tharp Kyler c Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher Justin Fengyuan Xie Russell D Weisz Ivan Puente Trauma and critical care Services Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States charles E Schmidt college of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and critical care Services Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States charles E Schmidt college of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim college of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BAcKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy *** of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the *** organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic *** of contrast blush(cB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is *** To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast *** This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GcS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and *** study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without cB and abdominal *** score matching was implemented in comparison *** PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had cB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal *** patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GcS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar cB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher *** propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pc *** of 89 patients with cB,45(51%)were *** propensity matching,patients with cB compared to without cB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),hi

关键词： Pelvic fractures Geriatric trauma patients Abdominal co-injuries contrast blush contrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgical interventions Blunt trauma External and internal fixation for pelvic stabilization

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Self-powered UVc detectors based on α-Ga_(2)O_(3) with enchanted speed performance

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第8期45卷 74-80页

作者： Aleksei Almaev alexander Tsymbalov Bogdan Kushnarev Vladimir Nikolaev Alexei Pechnikov Mikhail Scheglov Andrei chikiryaka Laboratory of Metal Oxide Semiconductors Research and Development Center for Advanced Technologies in MicroelectronicsNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Fokon LLc Kaluga 248035Russia Department of Semiconductor Electronics and Physics of Semiconductors National University of Science and Technology MISISMoscow 119049Russia Perfect crystals LLc Saint Petersburg 194223Russia

Detectors were developed for detecting irradiation in the short-wavelength ultraviolet(UVc)interval using high-quality single-crystallineα-Ga_(2)O_(3) films with Pt interdigital *** films ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3) were grown on planar sapphire substrates with c-plane orientation using halide vapor phase *** spectral dependencies of the photo to dark current ratio,responsivity,external quantum efficiency and detectivity of the structures were investigated in the wavelength interval of 200−370 *** maximum of photo to dark current ratio,responsivity,external quantum efficiency,and detectivity of the structures were 1.16×10^(4) ***.,30.6 A/W,1.65×10^(4)%,and 6.95×10^(15) Hz^(0.5)·cm/W at a wavelength of 230 nm and an applied voltage of 1 *** high values of photoelectric properties were due to the internal enhancement of the photoresponse associated with strong hole ***α-Ga_(2)O_(3) film-based UVc detectors can function in self-powered operation mode due to the built-in electric field at the Pt/α-Ga_(2)O_(3) *** a wavelength of 254 nm and zero applied voltage,the structures exhibit a responsivity of 0.13 mA/W and an external quantum efficiency of 6.2×10^(−2)%.The UVc detectors based on theα-Ga_(2)O_(3) films demonstrate high-speed performance with a rise time of 18 ms in self-powered mode.

关键词： HVPE gallium oxide solar-blind ultraviolet detector self-powered mode

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